| 词条 | Lord Archibald Hamilton |
| 释义 |
|name=Lord Archibald Hamilton |birth_date= |death_date= 5 April 1754 |image= Archibald Hamilton of Riccarton and Pardovan.jpg |caption=Lord Archibald Hamilton |birth_place = |death_place = |nickname= |residence = |nationality = British |allegiance={{flag|Kingdom of Great Britain}} |serviceyears= |rank=Captain |branch= {{navy|Kingdom of Great Britain}} |commands= HMS Sheerness HMS Litchfield HMS Berwick HMS Expedition HMS Torbay HMS Boyne HMS Eagle HMS Royal Katherine Greenwich Hospital |unit= |battles=War of the Spanish Succession |awards= |relations= |spouse=Anne Cary Lucas Anne, Lady Hamilton Lady Jane Hamilton |children=Charles Hamilton Elizabeth Greville, Countess of Warwick Frederic Hamilton Archibald Hamilton William Hamilton Jane Cathcart, Lady Cathcart }} Lord Archibald Hamilton of Riccarton and Pardovan (bapt. 17 February 1673 – 5 April 1754) was a Scottish officer of the Royal Navy, and British politician. In the late 17th century, he was active in the English Channel pursuing French privateers, including the Tyger out of St Malo. He commanded the third-rate HMS Boyne at the Battle of Vigo Bay in October 1702 and then commanded the third-rate HMS Eagle at the Battle of Málaga in August 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. He then joined the Board of Admiralty, ultimately serving as Senior Naval Lord. Naval careerBorn the youngest son of William Douglas-Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton and Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton, Hamilton studied at Glasgow University and was then sent to study under the Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, in London before taking a commission in the Royal Navy aboard the third-rate HMS Resolution.[1] Promoted to post-captain on 11 September 1693, he was given command of the fifth-rate HMS Sheerness in 1694 and of the fourth-rate HMS Litchfield in 1697.[2] In December 1695 he was active in the English Channel pursuing French privateers, including the Tyger out of St Malo, an encounter commemorated in a painting by Willem van de Velde the Younger.[3] Hamilton went on to take command of the third-rate HMS Berwick in 1698, of the third-rate HMS Expedition in 1699 and of the third-rate HMS Torbay in 1702.[2] After that he became captain of the third-rate HMS Boyne in September 1702 and commanded her at the Battle of Vigo Bay in October 1702 during the War of the Spanish Succession.[2] He took command of the third-rate HMS Eagle in 1704 and commanded her at the Battle of Málaga in August 1704.[4] He became captain of the second-rate HMS Royal Katherine in 1706.[2] Political careerAfter his naval career, Hamilton saw a place in parliament as a way of finding favour with the Government and hopefully a lucrative office. At the 1708 general election, Hamilton stood for Parliament at Great Marlow, and also at the family seat of Lanarkshire. He was defeated at Marlow, but was returned in a hard-fought contest as Member of parliament (MP) for Lanarkshire. He opposed Treason Act of 1709, which altered Scottish law in direct contravention of the safeguards included in the Union, but his opposition was short lived as he sought payment for arrears with his pension. He supported the ministry in the vote for the impeachment of Dr Sacheverell and with the support of the Duke of Marlborough was appointed Governor of Jamaica in May 1710. He did not stand at the 1710 general election and took up his post in Jamaica in 1711.[4] Hamilton played a controversial role in setting up some of the founders of the infamous Bahamanian pirate gang, including Henry Jennings, Francis Fernando, and Leigh Ashworth, for which he was arrested and brought back to England in 1716 by the Royal Navy.[5] He was acquitted by a board of Trade inquiry and released.[4] Hamilton was re-elected as MP for Lanarkshire at a by-election 23 December 1718. He retained his seat at the 1722 , with the help of his 19-year-old nephew, the 5th Duke of Hamilton, a Tory who was actually on the opposing side politically. He retained his seat unopposed at the 1727 general election.[6] He did not stand at the 1734 general election, but was returned as MP for Queenborough at a by-election on 22 February 1735. He did not stand at the 1741 general election, but was returned as MP for Dartmouth at a by election on 27 March 1742.[6] Hamilton joined the Board of Admiralty under the Walpole–Townshend ministry in May 1729[7] and was advanced to First Naval Lord in June 1733[8] but, after he failed to support a bill for the Prince of Wales's allowance,[4] he was forced to stand down in March 1738.[7] He rejoined to Board, as Senior Naval Lord again,[8] in March 1742 under the Carteret ministry and remained on the Board until the Broad Bottom ministry fell in February 1746.[7] He then served as Governor of Greenwich Hospital from 1746 until his death.[4] For much of his life, he lived at Park Place at Remenham in Berkshire.[9] FamilyHamilton's first wife was Anne Cary (née Lucas) (a daughter of Charles Lucas, 2nd Baron Lucas and mother of the Lucius Cary, 6th Viscount Falkland). She died in 1709 and Hamilton then married Anne, Lady Hamilton (widow of Sir Francis Hamilton, 3rd Baronet). His second wife died in 1719 and later that year, he married Lady Jane Hamilton (a daughter of the 6th Earl of Abercorn). Hamilton and his third wife later had six children:[10]
References1. ^Marshall, pp. 145-146 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=1933|title=Lord Archibald Hamilton|publisher=Three Decks|accessdate=3 August 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Lord Archibald Hamilton in the Lichfield engaging the St. Malo Privateer Tyger, 11 December 1695|url=http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2014/old-master-british-paintings-day-l14034/lot.175.html|publisher=Sothebys|accessdate=3 August 2017}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/member/hamilton-lord-archibald-1673-1754|title=Hamilton, Lord Archibald (1673-1754), of Motherwell, Lanark., and Riccarton and Pardovan, Linlithgow|publisher=History of Parliament|accessdate=3 August 2017}} 5. ^Woodard, pp. 122–131, 142–43, 196 6. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1715-1754/member/hamilton-lord-archibald-1673-1754| title=HAMILTON, Lord Archibald (1673-1754), of Riccarton, nr. Linlithgow, and Motherwell, Lanark. | publisher= History of Parliament Online (1715-1754)| accessdate = 1 December 2018}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Sainty, JC, Lord High Admiral and Commissioners of the Admiralty 1660-1870, Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 4: Admiralty Officials 1660-1870 (1975), pp. 18-31.|url=http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=16652| accessdate =4 September 2009}} 8. ^1 Rodger, p. 51-52 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parksandgardens.org/places-and-people/site/2571|title=Park Place|publisher=Parks and Gardens|accessdate=3 August 2017}} 10. ^{{cite web|first=G. Harvey |last=Johnston|url=https://archive.org/stream/heraldryofdougla00john_0/heraldryofdougla00john_0_djvu.txt|title=The heraldry of the Douglases; with notes on all the males of the family, descriptions of the arms, plates and pedigrees|publisher=W. and A.K. Johnston|year=1907}} Sources
External links
| with = Richard Evans | before=Richard Evans Sir George Saunders | after=Richard Evans Thomas Newnham | years=1735 – 1741}}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Dartmouth | with = Walter Carey | before=George Treby Walter Carey | after=Walter Carey John Jeffreys | years=1742 – 1747}}{{s-gov}}{{succession box | title=Governor of Jamaica | before=Thomas Handasyde | after=Peter Heywood | years=1711–1716}} |-{{s-mil}}{{succession box|title=Senior Naval Lord|before=Sir Charles Wager|after=Lord Harry Powlett|years=1733–1738}} |-{{succession box|title=Senior Naval Lord|before=Lord Harry Powlett|after=Lord Vere Beauclerk|years=1742–1746}} |-{{s-bef|before=Sir John Balchen}}{{s-ttl|title=Governor, Greenwich Hospital|years=1746–1754}}{{s-aft|after=Isaac Townsend}}{{s-end}}{{First Sea Lord}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamilton, Lord Archibald}} 15 : 1673 births|1754 deaths|British MPs 1708–10|British MPs 1715–22|British MPs 1722–27|British MPs 1727–34|British MPs 1734–41|British MPs 1741–47|Governors of Jamaica|House of Douglas and Angus|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies|People from Remenham|Rectors of the University of Glasgow|Younger sons of dukes |
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