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词条 ABC Records
释义

  1. Background

  2. History

     Am-Par Record  ABC-Paramount Records  ABC Records 

  3. Acquisitions

  4. ABC-Paramount/ABC Records label variations

  5. Artists associated with ABC Records and its labels

  6. Labels associated with ABC Records

  7. Management of ABC Records catalogue today

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Infobox record label
| name = ABC Records
| image = ABC Records logo.png
| image_size = 100px
| parent = American Broadcasting Company
| founded = {{start date|1955}}
| founder =
| fate = Sold to MCA Records
| defunct = {{end date|1979}}
| status = Defunct
| distributor = Self-distributed (US), EMI (international), Anchor Records (UK), Sparton Records (Canada), Polydor Records (Canada), GRT (Canada)
| genre = Various
| country = United States
| location = New York City
| url =
}}

ABC Records was an American record label founded in New York City in 1955. It originated as the main popular music label operated by the Am-Par Record Corporation. Am-Par also created the Impulse! jazz label in 1960. It acquired many labels before ABC was sold to MCA Records in 1979. ABC produced music in a variety of genres: pop, rock, jazz, country, rhythm and blues, soundtrack, gospel, and polka. In addition to producing records, ABC licensed masters from independent record producers, and purchased regionally released records for national distribution.

Background

American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres (AB-PT) is an antecedent of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). It evolved from federal antitrust actions taken against the movie studios and broadcasting companies in the 1940s and early 1950s.[1][2]

In 1943 the Federal Communications Commission took action against anti-competitive practices, one of which forced the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) to sell the Blue Network, the sister network of NBC Red Network. Blue was purchased by the businessman Edward J. Noble, and he changed its name to the American Broadcasting Company in 1946. In 1953 ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, the divested former exhibition/cinema division of Paramount Pictures. The newly merged corporation was chaired by former Paramount Theaters executive Leonard Goldenson and was originally headquartered at 1501 Broadway in New York City, above the Paramount Theater in Times Square.[3]

History

Am-Par Record

American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres formed a records division in 1955 with Samuel H. Clark as its first president.[4] The division was incorporated on {{dts|1955|6|14}} as Am-Par Record Corporation.[5] By August 1955, the unit was organized with AMPCO (ASCAP) and PAMCO (BMI) as subsidiary publishing units.[6]

Eydie Gorme was the company's first signed artist. The company recorded its first single record, "Sincerely Yours" and "Come Home", both by Gorme. Alec Templeton's "Smart Alec" was the company's first LP recorded, also in September 1955.[6]

One of Gorme's singles was its first release in January 1956.[6][7] "Chain Gang" by Bobby Scott in February 1956 was the company's first national hit. George Hamilton IV's "A Rose and a Baby Ruth" single was Am-Par's first million-selling single in October 1956.[6]

In 1957, the company had two million-selling single in June with "Diana" by Paul Anka and in October with "At the Hop" by

Danny & the Juniors. Am-Par Records in May 1958 debut the Apt subsidiary label with its first million-selling single, "Little Star" by the Elegants, released the same month.[6]

Chancellor Records had Am-Par Record handled its distribution starting in 1957 and started a trend. Chancellor had its first million-selling single in October 1958 with Lloyd Price's "Stagger Lee".[6]

Am-Par Record purchased Grand Award Records including the newly formed Command Records label, in 1959.[6] The company started a second label for jazz, Impulse! Records, in November 1960.[6][8] Impulse released its first four records were released in January 1961.[6]

The company had artists that earned three Grammy Awards in 1960.[6] While in January 1961, the company purchased Westminster Records, a classic label. Thus Am-Par Record had a label for each music genre.[6]

ABC-Paramount Records

Am-Par Record Corporation was renamed to ABC-Paramount Records, Inc. on December 7, 1961.[5] The company opened a Los Angeles office in January 1962. Ray Charles formed Tangerine Records in March 1962 and arranged for ABC-Paramount to distribute Tangerine's records. The company formed Jet Record Distributors based in Long Island City, N.Y. as its local distributor. Also in 1962, the company had acquired Music Guild label and library for Westminster Records.[6]

In 1965, Clark was promoted to vice-president in charge of AB-PT's non-broadcast operations. National sales manager Larry Newton was named ABC-Paramount president.[4]

On January 4, 1965, vice-president in charge of sales Larry Newton was promoted to president of ABC-Paramount Records. The previous president, Sam Clark was promoted to director of theater operations for American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres. Newton's first action as president was to restart Apt Records as a teen-oriented West Coast base label under Irwin Garr.[9]

ABC Records

The label was renamed ABC Records in June 1966.[10] In 1967, Dunhill Records was purchased from Lou Adler.[11] In 1970, ABC and Dunhill moved its headquarters to Los Angeles. Newton was promoted to vice-president in charge of ABC Pictures. Dunhill co-owner Jay Lasker was named president and referred to the combined operations as ABC/Dunhill. At that time ABC had another five labels: Westminster, Command, Probe, Impulse, and Bluesway.[12]

At the August 29, 1970 Directors Guild meeting, ABC/Dunhill launched a number of marketing initiatives. The company planned to have writers create a broader music for the catalog market. Imprints Probe and Apt were relaunched, Probe as an label which held the international rights to ABC's albums and Apt as a label which released budget cassettes and 8-track tapes. Jazz dropped from Impulse's cover for a new slogan: "University Series of Fine Recording" and two new series were launched: Audio Treasury and Westminster Gold for classic and more youth fair respectively.[13]

By May 1972, ABC formed the ABC Leisure Group, which included ABC Records, Anchor Records, and ABC Records and Tape Sales, plus a new retail record-store division.[14] Lasker left ABC to join Ariola America Records in 1975.[15] He was succeeded by Jerry Rubinstein, who served as company head until 1977.[16] In November 1972, ABC bought country music company Cartwheel Records.[17]

In 1974, ABC switched British distribution from EMI to the EMI-distributed Anchor Records, allowing ABC recordings to be issued on the ABC label in the UK, and Anchor records to be distributed by ABC on the Anchor label in the US.[18]

As a cost-cutting measure, ABC Records discarded many master tapes in the 1970s to save storage space. When these recordings were reissued on compact disc in the 1980s, CD versions were often taken from master copies which had less than optimal sound quality.[19] The company's last president, Steve Diener, was named president in 1977 after serving as head of ABC Records' international division.[20] Because of financial problems, ABC Records was sold on January 31, 1979 to MCA Records,[21] which discontinued the ABC label on March 5, 1979.[22] Albums in the ABC catalog still selling well were reissued on MCA.[23]

Acquisitions

ABC Records sub-labeled Apt to release singles. In the early 1960s, it bought Westminster, a classical music label. For jazz it created Impulse!. Led by Creed Taylor and Bob Thiele, Impulse! developed a reputation for innovative releases, including albums by John Coltrane from 1961 until his death in 1967. ABC created Bluesway for blues music. Tangerine was formed by Ray Charles to produce his albums and those he produced.

ABC Records bought Dunhill in the summer of 1967, forming ABC Dunhill Records. It also bought Don Robey's record labels, including Duke, Peacock, Back Beat, and Song Bird on May 23, 1973.

In 1974 ABC bought the Famous Music record labels from Gulf and Western, the parent company of Paramount. This acquisition gave ABC Dot, Blue Thumb, and a distribution deal with Sire, which released the first album from the Ramones.

ABC purchased all labels from Enoch Light in October 1959. It acquired Audition, Command[24] Colortone, and Waldorf Music Hall.[25]

In 1979, ABC was acquired by MCA for $30 million.[3] It operated briefly as a separate division. MCA was absorbed by the Universal Music Group, which currently distributes recordings for ABC's sister company, Disney Music Group, worldwide except for Russia.

This is not the same ABC Records that operates in Australia, which is run by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, although the Ampar label was distributed in Australia in the 1950s and 1960s, first by W&G Records (1955–60) and then by Festival.[26][27] Nor is it the sub-label of Voiceprint.

ABC-Paramount/ABC Records label variations

  • 1955–1961: Black label, "ABC-PARAMOUNT" around top perimeter of label in yellow, red, and blue (repeating in that sequence), with silver letters for singles and all white letters for albums) and logo consisting of color spectrum Möbius strip and white jagged line (representing a sound wave). Bottom perimeter of label reads: "A PRODUCT OF AM-PAR RECORD CORP."
  • 1961–1966: Same label as above, but disclaimer at bottom of label now reads: "A PRODUCT OF ABC-PARAMOUNT RECORDS, INC."
  • 1966–1967: Label name now shortened to ABC Records. Black label with large white circle at top with "abc" in black letters and the "Möbius strip and sound wave" logo under the letters. This variant was used only for singles.
  • 1967–1974: Black label with small white "abc" circle logo in color spectrum box at top (In conjunction with this label, a brief interim label was used from 1973 to 1974 consisting of three children's blocks spelling out ABC and one block with the "abc" logo in a white triangle at the top).
  • 1974–1978: Yellow, orange, red and purple "sunburst" label with "abc Records" (black "abc" circle logo) between two black lines at top (Note: The other ABC labels would also adopt this label, such as Dunhill, Dot, Blue Thumb with its logo next to the "abc" logo, and Backbeat and Impulse with a green background rather than a yellow background, but the circles were the same.)
  • 1978–1979: Same multi-colored label as above, but with 1/8 note featuring "abc" inside the bottom of the note. Late pressings show "Mfg. & Dist. by MCA Distributing Corp..." at the bottom perimeter, just before the ABC label was discontinued and its artists transferred to MCA.

Artists associated with ABC Records and its labels

{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
  • Ray Charles
  • Amazing Rhythm Aces
  • Paul Anka
  • Louis Armstrong
  • Kevin Ayers
  • Florence Ballard
  • Count Basie
  • Cliff Bennett and the Rebel Rousers (US/Canada)
  • Joe Bennett and The Sparkletones
  • Stephen Bishop
  • Art Blakey
  • Blood, Sweat & Tears
  • Bobby Bland
  • The Brass Ring
  • Tom Bresh
  • Charles Brown
  • Roy Brown
  • Jimmy Buffett
  • Solomon Burke
  • Shirley Collie
  • Carl Carlton
  • Betty Carter
  • Johnny Carver (musician)
  • Kvitka Cisyk
  • Roy Clark
  • Ornette Coleman
  • John Coltrane
  • Billy "Crash" Craddock
  • Jim Croce
  • Crosby and Nash
  • Crowfoot
  • The Crusaders
  • Danny & the Juniors
  • Dalton and Dubarri
  • James Darren
  • Billy Davis, Jr.
  • The Dells
  • Fats Domino
  • Bo Donaldson and the Heywoods
  • The Dramatics
  • The Dubs
  • Duke and the Drivers
  • The Elegants
  • Lu Elliott
  • Mario Escudero
  • Donna Fargo
  • Narvel Felts
  • Freddy Fender
  • Mickie Finn's
  • The Floaters
  • Frank Fontaine
  • Four Tops
  • Ferrante & Teicher
  • The 5th Dimension
  • Lefty Frizzell
  • Gabriel (band)
  • Genesis (US/Canada)
  • Eydie Gormé
  • The Grass Roots
  • George Hamilton IV
  • Bobby Hammack
  • Christian Harmonizers
  • Richard Harris (US/Canada)
  • Coleman Hawkins
  • Isaac Hayes
  • Roy Head
  • Hello People
  • Levon Helm
  • Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs
  • Eddie Holman
  • John Lee Hooker
  • Freddie Hubbard
  • James Gang
  • The Impressions
  • Jackie and Roy
  • Johnny Kidd and the Pirates (US/Canada)
  • B.B. King
  • Kracker
  • Frankie Laine
  • Julius La Rosa
  • Yusef Lateef
  • Steve Lawrence
  • J B Loyd
  • Eddie Lund
  • Barbara Mandrell
  • The Mamas and The Papas
  • Barry Mann
  • Shelly Manne
  • Guy Marks
  • The Marvelows
  • Marilyn McCoo
  • Brownie McGhee
  • Barry McGuire
  • Mighty Clouds of Joy
  • Charles Mingus
  • The O'Kaysions
  • The Oak Ridge Boys
  • Tommy Overstreet
  • Pavlov's Dog
  • Paxton Brothers
  • Poco
  • The Pointer Sisters
  • The Poni-Tails
  • Lloyd Price
  • Rare Bird
  • Jimmy Reed
  • Emitt Rhodes
  • Cliff Richard (US/Canada)
  • Sue Richards
  • Howard Roberts (Impulse!)
  • Tommy Roe
  • Sonny Rollins
  • Jeris Ross
  • Royal Teens
  • Rufus featuring Chaka Khan
  • Jimmy Rushing
  • John Wesley Ryles
  • Sabicas
  • Soupy Sales
  • The Sapphires
  • Bobby Scott
  • Jack Scott
  • Shirley Scott
  • Archie Shepp
  • Beverly Sills
  • Smith (featuring Gayle McCormick)
  • Soft Machine (Probe/ABC)
  • Otis Spann
  • Dusty Springfield (US/Canada)
  • Joe Stampley
  • Red Steagall
  • Steely Dan
  • Steppenwolf
  • Stepson
  • Sonny Terry
  • B. J. Thomas
  • Three Dog Night
  • Buck Trent
  • Joe Turner
  • US Radio Band
  • Eddie Vinson
  • Bobby Vinton
  • T-Bone Walker
  • Joe Walsh
  • Wha-Koo
  • Josh White
  • Chico Williams
  • Lenny Williams
  • Jimmy Witherspoon
  • Bobby Wright
  • O. V. Wright
  • The Ziontones
{{div col end}}
  • The Atlantics

Labels associated with ABC Records

{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
  • 20th Century Fox Records
  • Addison Records
  • Anchor Records
  • Apt Records
  • Back Beat Records
  • Bigtop Records
  • Blue Thumb Records
  • Bluesway Records
  • Boom Records
  • Buluu Dunhill Records
  • Chancellor Records
  • Cimarron Records
  • Colonial Records
  • Command Records
  • Dot Records
  • Duke Records
  • Dunhill Records
  • Equinox Records
  • Fargo Records
  • Grand Award Records
  • GTO Records
  • Hickory Records
  • Hot Buttered Soul Records
  • Hunt Records
  • Impulse! Records
  • Jerden Records
  • LHI Records
  • Montel Records
  • Myrrh Records
  • Oliver Records
  • Passport Records
  • Peacock Records
  • Probe Records
  • Senate Records
  • Shelter Records
  • Sire Records
  • Song Bird Records
  • Tangerine Records
  • Westminster Records
  • Wren Records
{{div col end}}

Management of ABC Records catalogue today

The catalogues of ABC Records and its sub-labels are now controlled by Universal Music Group. UMG also distributes Disney Music Group, which is owned by ABC's current parent, The Walt Disney Company, with the following exceptions:

  • The Paul Anka ABC-Paramount catalog is controlled by Anka himself.
  • The Jim Croce catalog is controlled by the Croce estate and R2M Music is distributed by Warner Music Group.
  • The Ray Charles catalog is controlled by the Charles estate and is currently licensed to Concord Records. Concord's recordings are distributed by UMG.
  • The Amazing Rhythm Aces catalog and the recordings that former 5th Dimension members Marilyn McCoo and Billy Davis, Jr. made for ABC are controlled by Sony Music Entertainment.
  • Lawrence Welk acquired his Dot recordings (prior to ABC acquiring the label) which were reissued on his Ranwood Records label.[28]

The following labels manage different genres:

  • Pop, rock, R&B: Geffen
  • Jazz: Impulse!, Impulse!/Verve
  • Country: Universal Music Group Nashville
  • Classical: Deutsche Grammophon
  • Musical theater: Decca Broadway

These labels also produce releases from labels absorbed into ABC. For example, MCA Nashville's catalogue includes country releases on Dot Records. Deutsche Grammophon's catalogue includes the Westminster Records catalogue, as well as soundtracks released by Dot and Paramount Records.

See also

  • List of record labels

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/american-film-industry-early-1950s|title=The American Film Industry in the Early 1950s - Dictionary definition of The American Film Industry in the Early 1950s {{!}} Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary|website=www.encyclopedia.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-07}}
2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.tn/books?id=KsLLDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT585&lpg=PT585&dq=federal+antitrust+actions+taken+against+the+movie+studios+and+broadcasting+companies+in+the+1940s+and+early+1950s.&source=bl&ots=O3NRQYA6yS&sig=ldQkM5De8SCzfRnSGwAdzd9dppw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFkNSZkpPWAhWi44MKHRyPACsQ6AEIPzAG#v=onepage&q=federal%20antitrust%20actions%20taken%20against%20the%20movie%20studios%20and%20broadcasting%20companies%20in%20the%201940s%20and%20early%201950s.&f=false|title=The Movie Business Book|last=Squire|first=Jason E.|date=2016-08-05|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781317221593|language=en}}
3. ^{{cite book|last1=Kahn|first1=Ashley|title=The House That Trane Built: The Story of Impulse Records|date=2006|publisher=Granta|location=London|isbn=1-86207-646-4|pages=15–16}}
4. ^{{cite news|title=ABC: Brief History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kCkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA43 |publisher=Billboard |via=Books.google.com |date=September 12, 1970 |accessdate=2011-09-10|pages=abc2-abc3}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Entity Information: ABC Records, INC.|url=http://appext20.dos.ny.gov/corp_public/CORPSEARCH.ENTITY_INFORMATION?p_nameid=125168&p_corpid=103889&p_entity_name=ABC%20Records%2C%20Inc&p_name_type=%25&p_search_type=BEGINS&p_srch_results_page=0|website=Corporation & Business Entity Database|publisher=New York State Division of Corporations|accessdate=April 6, 2015}}
6. ^10 11 {{cite news |title=ABC-Paramount Through the Years |url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-09-18.pdf |accessdate=November 15, 2018 |work=Billboard |issue=Vol. 77 No. 38 |date=September 18, 1965 |page=32}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=The First Decade|url= https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/60s/1965/Billboard%201965-09-18.pdf |accessdate=November 15, 2018 |work=Billboard |issue=Vol. 77 No. 38 |date=September 18, 1965 |page=32}}
8. ^{{cite news| last1=Montagne |first1=Renee |title=Impulse Records: 'The House That Trane Built' |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5452186 |accessdate=April 11, 2018|work=NPR.org|date=June 6, 2006|language=en}}
9. ^{{cite news |title=ABC-Paramount will Reactivate Apt Label |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0UEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA3&dq=%22Apt%20Records%22%20%20ABC-Paramount%20Records&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q=%22Apt%20Records%22%20%20ABC-Paramount%20Records&f=false |accessdate=November 15, 2018 |work=Billboard |issue=Vol. 77, No. 2 |publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc. |date=9 January 1965 |language=en}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0igEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=%22abc+records%22&hl=en&ei=89UoTJqrCZrtnQeK_sioAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22abc%20records%22&f=false |title=Billboard |page=3 |website=Books.google.com |date=1966-06-18 |accessdate=2016-01-19}}
11. ^{{cite news|title=Adler made rock history without ever picking up an instrument|url=http://www.goldminemag.com/articles/adler-made-rock-and-roll-history-without-ever-needing-an-instrument|accessdate=April 11, 2018|work=Goldmine Magazine|date=June 20, 2013}}
12. ^{{cite news|title=New Home, Face, Philosophy - ABC/Dunhill on 15th Anniversary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kCkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA43 |publisher=Billboard |via=Books.google.com |date=September 12, 1970 |accessdate=2011-09-10|pages=abc4-abc8}}
13. ^{{cite news|last1=Tiegel|first1=Eliot|title=New Markting Approaches Key ABC/Duill 55-LP Meet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kCkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA17#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=11 April 2018|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|date=September 12, 1970|language=en}}
14. ^{{cite news|title=ABC Records 73 Sales, Earnings Up from 1972|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bwkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=%22ABC+Leisure+Group%22+records&source=bl&ots=jZE6O-pRtW&sig=JrjSE81eXtURTkzTE4Y9HHv3xKs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0W8cVfZQwtmwBJrEgagO&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22ABC%20Leisure%20Group%22%20records&f=false|accessdate=April 1, 2015|work=Billboard|issue=Vol. 86, No. 19|publisher=Nielsen Business Media, Inc.|date=May 11, 1974|pages=8, 80}}
15. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/06/13/obituaries/jay-lasker-recording-executive-65-dies.html |title=Jay Lasker, Recording Executive, 65, Dies - New York Times |publisher=Nytimes.com |date=1989-06-13 |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0UEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=%22abc+records%22%2B+losses&source=bl&ots=IH3IaMr_1B&sig=KK1jfMS6JKBjoOwSehOu7cbQZ6c&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TBmcVdynF4L_-AGd74AI&ved=0CDEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=%22abc%20records%22%2B%20losses&f=false |title=Billboard |page=4 |website=Books.google.com |date=1977-12-10 |accessdate=2016-01-19}}
17. ^{{cite news|title=ABC Nove Epitomizes Expansions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA6&lpg=PA6&dq=%22ABC+Leisure+Group%22+records&source=bl&ots=ZIv_tcSYPm&sig=kgiPyLcF53v6eahVtH_30FNU-Tk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0W8cVfZQwtmwBJrEgagO&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22ABC%20Leisure%20Group%22%20records&f=false|accessdate=April 7, 2015|work=Billboard|page=70}}
18. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uAcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT83&dq=%22abc+dunhill%22&hl=en&ei=piv-TeTMN8O5tgeW6cW8Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22abc%20dunhill%22&f=false |title=Billboard - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=1974-09-21 |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://bsnpubs.com/abc/abcstory.html |title=ABC-Paramount Records Story |publisher=Bsnpubs.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
20. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aCQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT89 |title=Billboard - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=1977-06-18 |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LiUEAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=february+%2B+1979+%2B+billboard&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMI1vnIjOfJxwIVFhWSCh0a2wmD#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Billboard |website=Books.google.com |date=1979-02-10 |accessdate=2016-01-19}}
22. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mEIfDZtsVyAC&pg=PA194&dq=%22ray+charles%22+%2B+%22abc+records%22&hl=en&ei=7IaGTJm2FozSnger-6R3&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22ray%20charles%22%20%2B%20%22abc%20records%22&f=false |title=Billboard's hottest hot 100 hits - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bsnpubs.com/abc/abcstory.html |title=ABC-Paramount Records Story |publisher=Bsnpubs.com |date= |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
24. ^{{cite web |title=Command, a Premium Price Label, to Deb |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA2 |website=Google Books (Billboard) |publisher=Nielsen Business Media |accessdate=17 October 2018 |page=2 |date=10 August 1959}}
25. ^{{cite web |title=Am-Par Acquires Grand Award Label |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SwoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false |website=Google Books (Billboard) |publisher=Nielsen Business Media |accessdate=17 October 2018 |page=3 |date=5 October 1959}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.milesago.com/Industry/wandg.htm |title=Industry - Record Labels - W&G Records |publisher=Milesago |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.globaldogproductions.info/a/ampar-oz-main-festival-series.html |title=45 Discography for Ampar/ABC Paramount Records - OZ |publisher=Globaldogproductions.info |date= |accessdate=2011-09-10}}
28. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qwoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=%22ranwood+to+release+21+Welk+top+sallers%22&hl=en&ei=LePuTbT7BISFtgft1PyqCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Billboard - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=1968-04-20 |accessdate=2011-09-10}}

External links

  • The ABC-Paramount Records story
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abc Records}}

5 : Defunct record labels of the United States|Record labels established in 1955|Record labels disestablished in 1979|American Broadcasting Company|1955 establishments in New York (state)

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