词条 | Lottie Pickford | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Lottie Pickford | image = Lottie Pickford.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Charlotte Smith | birth_date = {{birth date|1893|06|09|mf=yes}} | birth_place = Toronto, Ontario, Canada | death_date = {{death date and age|1936|12|09|1893|06|09|mf=yes}} | death_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S. | resting_place = Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale | nationality = | other_names = Lottie Pickford Forrest | citizenship = | occupation = Actress | years_active = 1909–1925 | known_for = | spouse = {{marriage|Alfred Rupp|1915|1920|end=div}} {{marriage|Allan Forrest|1922|1928|end=div}} {{marriage|Russel O. Gillard|1929|1933|end=div}} {{marriage|John William Lock|1933}} | children = 1 | parents = Charlotte Hennessy John Charles Smith | relatives = Mary Pickford (sister) Jack Pickford (brother) }} Lottie Pickford (born Charlotte Smith; June 9, 1893 – December 9, 1936) was a Canadian-born silent film actress and socialite. She was the younger sister of fellow actress Mary Pickford and elder sister of actor Jack Pickford. One of her best known roles was in The Diamond from the Sky directed by William Desmond Taylor in 1915. Pickford's career is often overshadowed by that of her siblings and though she was a notable figure in the 1920s, her films and role in the Pickford acting family are now largely forgotten. Early yearsShe was born to John Charles Smith and Charlotte Hennessy. Pickford was named for her mother.[1] She was the middle child, born a year and two months after her sister Gladys Smith and three years before her brother John Charles Smith, called Jack. She quickly became her father's favorite, much to her sister's annoyance.[2] After mistakenly believing she was a boy when first born, her father lovingly gave her the boyish nickname, 'Chuckie'.[2] Pickford's father left the family while she was young, and her sister Gladys took on responsibilities. Lottie and Jack became extremely close, banding together against Gladys, whom they saw as strict.[3] Lottie idolized her brother Jack, and they remained close throughout their lifetimes.[4] Despite her tense relationship with her sister, Lottie was protective of her, and once jumped on D.W. Griffith to defend her sister during a heated argument with the director.[5] In need of extra income, the family began to act. On January 8, 1900, Gladys and Lottie appeared in The Silver King. Lottie was either offered a lesser sum than her sister or was part of a packaged deal.[6] The family eventually moved to New York City where they all acted in various productions, sometimes together, sometimes not. At one point Lottie and Gladys had to travel on their own for one production.[4] Of the family, Gladys was the breakout star. Her family members were usually attached to her as a contractual stipulation.[4][7] After she started in films, Gladys took the name Mary Pickford. Lottie and Jack also took on the surname Pickford in their acting careers. Mary was influential in getting her siblings on the payroll after she started acting in films.[8] Film careerIn 1907, Mary adopted the stage name 'Mary Pickford'. The rest of the family adopted the Pickford name by the time they began appearing in films. Mary signed with D.W. Griffith's Biograph Company in 1909 and also secured work for her siblings. {{external media| float = right | width = 220px | image1 = [https://calisphere.org/clip/500x500/3d970d4a04fb81a2cfd7962548d7147d Lottie Pickford, Witzel Studios, L.A. (1909-1929)][9][10][11][12] | image2 =[https://www.historyforsale.com/productimages/jpeg/171572.jpg Lottie Pickford, Witzel Studios, L.A. (signed: "Sincerely Lottie Pickford")][13][14] | image3 =[https://www.historyforsale.com/productimages/jpeg/171543.jpg Typed Letter Signed 06/18/1915][15] | image4 =[https://historicalzg.piwigo.com/_datas/r/g/e/rge5ew6d3t/i/uploads/r/g/e/rge5ew6d3t//2013/09/07/20130907190552-4b740aeb-me.jpg Lottie Pickford, Green Book Magazine, August 1916][16] | image5 =[https://thumbs.worthpoint.com/zoom/images1/1/1216/06/autographed-photograph-signed-lottie_1_bfb245263dfbe1874dee467d85449e6c.jpg Lottie Pickford, Witzel Studios, L.A. (signed: "Sincerely Lottie Pickford")][17][18][19] | image6 =[https://www.freewebs.com/looking-for-mabel/photos/2016-Photo-Album/04%20mary%20grandmother%20Lottie%20Alan.jpg Mary Miles Minter's grandmother, Mary Miles Minter, Lottie Pickford, and Alan Forrest] | image7 =[https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dk9WWvbW0AEShk9.jpg] | image8 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/220pxlottiepickfords.jpg] | image9 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/3264fd208af10d99a2c5.jpg] | image10 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/mw8l.jpg] | image11 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/pickfordl3.jpg] | image12 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/index_1507459494.jpg] | image13 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/a81a8355a2b2222407a5.jpg] | image14 =[https://www.westernmovies.fr/image/2017/2473/171572.jpg] | video1 =[https://filmdialogueone.wordpress.com/tag/lottie-pickford/ Lottie Pickford] PD films }} Between 1909 and 1910, Mary made eighty shorts, Jack made twenty-eight, and Lottie made twenty-five.[20] Of the three Pickfords, Lottie's talents were considered the weakest.{{cn|date=August 2018}} Actress Linda Arvidson said Mary had claimed her sister was not pretty enough for films, and had done her best to keep her away from Biograph.[20] When the Biograph Company departed for California, Lottie Pickford and her mother were left behind. She would eventually join her sister in California.[21] Away from her elder sister, Pickford's first starring role came in 1914 in The House of Bondage. It was a vice film, with Pickford playing a prostitute, in stark contrast to her sister's image as "America's Sweetheart". The film did not receive good reviews, being considered too crude.[22] In 1915, Pickford appeared in Fanchon, the Cricket, opposite both her siblings. It is the only film in which all three Pickford siblings appear. It was thought lost until rediscovered in the 20th century at the British Film Institute.[23] Pickford starred in The Diamond from the Sky serial (1915) although, to her humiliation, she was only given the role after Mary turned it down. A Photoplay article from around the time of the release declared her "Pickford The Second!" and compared her to her sister, albeit as a worthy sequel.[22] The serial was jeopardized when she became pregnant. This incident put her on the unofficial Hollywood blacklist for a short time.[24] Pickford performed in only five roles between 1915 and 1918, when she took a break from acting. After divorcing her first husband, Pickford next starred in 1921's They Shall Pay which co-starred Allan Forrest, her future husband. Pickford again took several years' time off from acting before returning in a minor role in the 1924 film Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall.[25] Her final role was opposite her brother-in-law Douglas Fairbanks Sr. in Don Q Son of Zorro in 1925. During her career, Pickford starred in eight features, while her brother starred in over forty features.[26] Personal lifePickford was a socialite and partying was her first love. She and her brother Jack both struggled with alcoholism. Her parties were legendary and lasted until morning with plentiful drugs and alcohol and nudity. Pickford's maid recalled that when they heard Mary's car pulling in, Pickford and her friends would "Jump into their knickers!"[24] Despite her reputation as a party girl, Pickford was considered to be down to earth, friendly, sweet, and unpretentious.[27] MarriagesOn an unknown date in 1915, before the release of The Diamond from the Sky, Pickford quietly married New York broker Alfred Rupp. The couple had a daughter in 1915, Mary Pickford Rupp (1915-1984), who would be later renamed Gwynne Rupp.[24] The couple separated in 1919 and divorced the following year.[28] For unknown reasons, Pickford allowed her mother Charlotte to legally adopt her daughter, who was renamed Gwynne in 1920. Pickford did not comment to the press on the matter, other than to say she would never marry again.[27] Gwynne lived with her grandmother until Charlotte, Sr.'s death in 1928. At that time, Gwynne's aunt Mary Pickford took custody of her. This arrangement lasted until Gwynne married radio announcer Hugh "Bud" Ernst in June 1939.[29] Lottie Pickford did marry again, to actor Allan Forrest in January 1922.[30] She obtained a divorce from Forrest in Paris in 1927.[31] On July 22, 1929, she married Russel O. Gillard, an undertaker from Los Angeles.[32] They divorced in February 1933 on charges of "extreme cruelty" by her husband.[33][34] Later that year, Pickford married a Pittsburgh society man named John William Lock. They remained married until her early death in 1936.[35] DeathOn December 6, 1936, Pickford suffered a heart attack at the age of 43. She was said to have been in failing health for three years, related to alcohol abuse. She died at her home in Beverly Hills.[35] Her funeral was held on December 13 at Wee Kirk o' the Heather Church in Glendale, California.[36] She is buried in the Pickford family plot in Forest Lawn Cemetery.[37] Filmography
Footnotes1. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=8}} 2. ^1 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=14}} 3. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=18}} 4. ^1 2 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=42}} 5. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|pp=95–96}} 6. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=22}} 7. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=62}} 8. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=82}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://calisphere.org/item/0ce0b5de944874298ad7e09f0f012002/|title=Lottie Pickford|author=|date=|website=Calisphere|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.portrait.gov.au/people/witzel-studios|title=Witzel Studios|author=|date=|website=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1031135837323505664.html|title=Let's look back at the pioneering work of Albert Witzel, photographer to the Hollywood stars of the silent age|author=PulpLibrarian|date=|website=threadreaderapp.com|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://historicalzg.piwigo.com/index?/category/113-albert_w_witzel_profile_david_members_only|title=Albert Witzel|author=David S. Shields|date=1 November 2009|website=Historical Ziegfeld Group|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.historyforsale.com/lottie-pickford-photograph-signed/dc171572|title=Lottie Pickford - Photograph Signed|author=|date=|website=HistoryForSale|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 14. ^{{cite journal|title=Souvenir Postcards and the Development of the Star System, 1912-1914|first=Q. David|last=Bowers|date=25 August 1989|publisher=|journal=Film History|volume=3|issue=1|pages=39–45|jstor = 3815078}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.historyforsale.com/lottie-pickford-typed-letter-signed-06-18-1915/dc171543|title=Typed Letter Signed 06/18/1915|author=|date=|website=HistoryForSale|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://historicalzg.piwigo.com/picture?/27256/categories|title=Lottie Pickford (White, N.Y.) Green Book Magazine, August 1916|author=|date=|website=Historical Ziegfeld Group|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/autographed-photograph-signed-lottie-1843852174|title=Autographed Photograph Signed by Lottie Pickford, Witzel photo|author=|date=|website=Worthpoint|accessdate=25 August 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWdYAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA19-PA32&lpg=RA19-PA32&dq=Witzel|title=The American Stationer|author=|date=1917|publisher=Howard Lockwood|accessdate=25 August 2018|via=Google Books|quote=Volume 81 - Page 32}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LicdAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA8-PA32&lpg=RA8-PA32&dq=Witzel|title=American Stationer and Office Manager|author=|date=1917|publisher=Howard Lockwood|accessdate=25 August 2018|via=Google Books}} 20. ^1 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=89}} 21. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=110}} 22. ^1 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=171}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.silentsaregolden.com/articles/lostfilmsarticle.html|title=The Lost Film Files|last=Cade|first=Mary Ann|publisher=silentsaregolden.com|accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 24. ^1 2 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=172}} 25. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=240}} 26. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=305}} 27. ^1 {{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=222}} 28. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|p=188}} 29. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=R40vAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6tsFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4420,3531022&dq=gwynne+pickford+ernst&hl=en|title=Niece of Mary Pickford Weds Radio Announcer|date=June 1, 1939|work=Ottawa Citizen|page=23|accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 30. ^{{cite news|title=Lottie Pickford To Wed For Second Time Tonight|date=January 7, 1922|work=The Baltimore Sun|page=2}} 31. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WqQhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=65kFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5420,2878170&dq=lottie+pickford+allan+forrest&hl=en|title=Lottie Pickford Divorced|date=February 16, 1928|work=Reading Eagle|page=4|accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=v0cwAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aKYFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3423,1863875&dq=lottie+pickford+russel+o+gillard&hl=en|title=Lottie Pickford on Third Honeymoon|date=July 24, 1929|work=Berkeley Daily Gazette|page=7|accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 33. ^{{cite news|title=Lottie Pickford Obtains Divorce|date=February 17, 1933|work=The New York Times}} 34. ^{{cite news|title=Mary's Sister Is Given Divorce|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1129&dat=19330217&id=3v8MAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YGkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3410,2401253&hl=en|accessdate=2 May 2015|publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=17 February 1933}} 35. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8Q1QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lFUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2797,2890149&dq=lottie+pickford+john+lock&hl=en|title=Lottie Pickford Dies After Lengthy Illness|date=December 10, 1936|work=The Evening Independent|page=1|accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 36. ^{{cite news|title=ASSOCIATES AT RITES FOR LOTTIE PICKFORD; More Than 150 Friends Gather at Wee Kirk o' the Heather for Funeral in Hollywood|date=December 13, 1936|work=The New York Times}} 37. ^{{harv|Whitfield|1997|pp=305–307}} References
External links{{Portal|Biography}}{{commons category}}
11 : 1893 births|1936 deaths|Actresses from Toronto|Canadian film actresses|Canadian silent film actresses|Canadian people of English descent|Canadian people of Irish descent|Canadian expatriate actresses in the United States|Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|20th-century Canadian actresses|Deaths from heart-related cause |
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