| 词条 | Lotus 33 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| Car_name = Lotus 33 | Image = | Caption = Jackie Stewart drives a Lotus 33 in 2013 | Category = Formula One | Constructor = Team Lotus | Designer = Colin Chapman, Len Terry | Predecessor = Lotus 25 | Successor = Lotus 43 | Team = {{plainlist|
}} | Drivers = {{plainlist|
}} | Chassis = Aluminium monocoque | Front suspension = Upper cantilever rocker arms and lower wishbones, with inboard mounted Armstrong coilover spring/dampers | Rear suspension = Upper transverse links and twin radius rods with reversed lower wishbone. Armstrong outboard coilover spring/dampers. | Engine name = {{plainlist|
}} | Capacity = | Configuration = V8 | Turbo/NA = Naturally aspirated | Engine position = mid-mounted | Gearbox name = ZF | Gears = 5-speed | Type = manual | Differential = | Fuel = | Tyres = Dunlop | Debut = 1964 Aintree 200, Aintree. | Races = 27 | Wins = 5 | Cons_champ = 1 ({{F1|1965}}) | Drivers_champ = 1 (Jim Clark, {{F1|1965}}) | Poles = 10 | Fastest_laps = 8 | Podiums = 8 }} The Lotus 33 was a Formula One car designed by Colin Chapman and Len Terry[1] and built by Team Lotus. A development of the successful Lotus 25, in the hands of Jim Clark it won 5 World Championship Grands Prix in 1965, assisting Clark to his second World Championship. ConceptThe Lotus 33's development was based on the earlier Lotus 25 model, taking the monocoque chassis design to new development heights. The 33 was again powered by the 1500 cc Climax engine. The 33 was almost identical to the 25, but had suspension designed around newer, wider tyres. The car was more rigid and was simpler to build than its predecessor. Six Lotus 33s were constructed, with chassis numbers following on from the 25 and beginning with R8. One chassis, R12, was modified to take the stillborn Climax FWMW flat-16 engine; this car was designated the Lotus 39. Chassis number R13 was not used by Team Lotus but was later unofficially adopted by Reg Parnell Racing for their crashed chassis R4, rebuilt around a 33 chassis.[2] The last of the series, R14, was built with a 2-litre version of the Climax V8 for the 1966 World Championship season, pending the arrival of the Lotus 43. Racing historyIntroduced for the 1964 season, the 33 made its first appearance at the non-Championship Aintree 200. Clark qualified fourth, and set fastest lap before retiring. The 33's first World Championship event was the German Grand Prix. However, both Clark and his team mate Mike Spence struggled with the car and it was not until the following year that it came good. Clark won the first event of 1965, the South African Grand Prix and went on to take four more wins on the way to his second world championship. Clark missed the Monaco Grand Prix (a race which he would never win) to race in the Indianapolis 500, which he won. In 1965 a four-valve version of the Climax engine was used which had an increase in power (about {{Convert|210|bhp|kW|0|abbr=on}} - {{Convert|220|bhp|kW|0|abbr=on}} compared to the older Climaxes which gave about 200 bhp). However the extra power sacrificed reliability, and Clark retired from the final 3 races of 1965 after he'd wrapped up the title. The 33 was pressed into service with bored out 2 litre Climax V8 and BRM V8 engines for the early races of 1966, until the 3 litre Lotus 43 was ready. In 1967, with the new Lotus 49 still suffering teething trouble, the 33s were deemed more suitable for the tight turns of Monte Carlo. Clark set fastest lap but retired his Climax-engined 33 while Hill drove the BRM-engined car to second place. The 33 was also campaigned in 1965 by DW Racing Enterprises for Paul Hawkins, and in 1965 and 1966 by Reg Parnell Racing, however their car was actually a crashed 25 rebuilt as a 33, with a BRM engine. The 33's final World Championship race was the 1967 Canadian Grand Prix, where privateer Mike Fisher finished in 11th place. Fisher also qualified the car for that year's Mexican Grand Prix, but engine problems prevented him from starting the race. The 33 also met with success outside of the World Championship with Jim Clark and Mike Spence each winning two non-Championship events, and Clark winning the 1967 Tasman Series. PC SimulationA driveable, detailed virtual recreation of the Lotus 33 is available in the '1965 F1 Mod' add-on for the Grand Prix Legends PC-based F1 racing simulation. {{-}}Formula One World Championship results(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
{{smallsup|1}} Points were awarded on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis to the first six finishers at each round, but only the best placed car for each make was eligible to score points. In 1964 and 1965 only the best six results from the season were retained, and only the best five results for 1966. In 1967 the best five results from the first six rounds and the best four results from the last five rounds were retained. {{smallsup|2}} Total points scored by all Lotus-Climax cars, including Lotus 25 variants. {{smallsup|3}} Total points scored by all Lotus-BRM cars, including Lotus 43 variants. Non-Championship Formula One results(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Cruickshank|first=Gordon|title=Len Terry – obituary|url=http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/november-2014/44/len-terry-obituary|website=Motor Sport magazine archive|date=November 2014|page=44|accessdate=19 November 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web|last=Nye|first=Doug|title=A whole bunch of trouble|url=http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/august-2013/74/whole-bunch-trouble|website=Motor Sport magazine archive|date=August 2013|page=74|accessdate=2 August 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.oldracingcars.com/lotus/33/|title=Lotus 33 car-by-car histories|work=OldRacingCars|accessdate=January 23, 2019}} Bibliography{{commons category|Lotus 33}}{{refbegin}}
3 : Lotus Formula One cars|Tasman Series cars|Formula One championship-winning cars |
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