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词条 Darrington, Washington
释义

  1. History

     Prehistory and early exploration  Establishment and early development  Early 20th century  Incorporation and decline of lumber  Tourism economy and modern-day Darrington 

  2. Geography

     Climate 

  3. Economy

  4. Demographics

     2010 census  2000 census 

  5. Government and politics

  6. Culture

     Events and festivals  Media  Parks and recreation  Historic preservation  Notable people 

  7. Education

  8. Infrastructure

     Transportation  Utilities  Health care 

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2019}}{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Darrington, Washington
|settlement_type = Town
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_skyline = Darrington - panoramio.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Distant view of Darrington from the northwest
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
|image_map = Snohomish_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Darrington_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location of Darrington, Washington
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_name1 = Washington
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name2 = Snohomish
|government_footnotes =
|government_type = Mayor–council
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Dan Rankin
|established_title1 = Founded
|established_date1 = 1891
|established_title2 = Incorporated
|established_date2 = October 15, 1945
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = [1]
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 4.54
|area_land_km2 = 4.47
|area_water_km2 = 0.07
|area_total_sq_mi = 1.75
|area_land_sq_mi = 1.73
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.03
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_est = 1406
|pop_est_as_of = 2017
|pop_est_footnotes = [2]
|population_footnotes = [2]
|population_total = 1347
|population_density_km2 = 314.24
|population_density_sq_mi = 813.66
|timezone = Pacific (PST)
|utc_offset = -8
|timezone_DST = PDT
|utc_offset_DST = -7
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 169
|elevation_ft = 554
|coordinates = {{coord|48|15|8|N|121|36|14|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type = ZIP code
|postal_code = 98241
|area_code = 360
|area_code_type = Area code
|blank_name = FIPS code
|blank_info = 53-16690
|blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
|blank1_info = 1518492[3]
|website = {{URL|townofdarrington.com}}
|footnotes =
}}

Darrington is a town in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is located in a mountain valley within the North Cascades that was formed by the Sauk River and North Fork Stillaguamish River, approximately {{convert|30|mi|km}} east of Arlington, the nearest city. Darrington is connected to nearby areas by State Route 530, which runs along the two rivers towards Arlington and Rockport. It had a population of 1,347 at the 2010 census.

The town was founded in 1891 on the site of a Skagit campsite between the two rivers, near the traditional home of the Sauk-Suiattle tribe. Prospectors had arrived in the area during the 1880s while looking for gold and other minerals, but were quickly displaced by the logging industry that would come to dominate Darrington for much of the 20th century. The Northern Pacific Railway built a branch line to the town in 1901 and ushered in several years of growth.

During the Great Depression, Darrington hosted a Civilian Conservation Corps camp that improved roads, trails, and firefighting infrastructure in the nearby Mount Baker National Forest. Several waves of Appalachian emigrants arrived in the area from North Carolina, forming a culture that is seen in the town's annual Bluegrass festival and rodeo.

Darrington was incorporated as a town on October 15, 1945, and continues to operate under a mayor–council government. It has transitioned away from logging and towards tourism due to its proximity to the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, which includes outdoor activities such as hiking, mountain climbing, and fishing. The Darrington area is {{convert|554|ft|m}} above sea level and receives significantly more precipitation and snowfall than the Puget Sound lowlands.

History

Prehistory and early exploration

The upper Stillaguamish and Sauk valleys on the Sauk, Suiattle, and White Chuck rivers were historically inhabited by various Coast Salish groups, including the Stillaguamish, the Sauk-Suiattle, and the Upper Skagit.[4] The Sauk-Suiattle maintained a village site and burial ground near modern-day Darrington, while the Skagits used the plain between the Stillaguamish and Sauk rivers as a portage for overhead transport of canoes. The portage, named {{lang|lut|Kudsl Kudsl}} or {{lang|lut|Kuds-al-kaid}}, was also used as a transiting point for travelers from Eastern Washington on their way to and from the Puget Sound coast.[5][6]

The area was known as Burn or Sauk Portage to early surveyors and visitors from towns along the Puget Sound coastline. A group of railroad surveyors for the Northern Pacific Railway arrived in modern-day Darrington in 1870 while plotting the potential route for a railroad crossing the Cascades to Lake Chelan, but ultimately chose Stampede Pass to the south.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=35–37}} The North Stillaguamish Valley was called "Starve Out" until 1884 by settlers, who arrived alone and under-prepared for the area's conditions.[7] The Sauk-Suiattle was threatened with eviction by soldiers who were sent to the area by the valley settlers, who were unsuccessful in seizing the lands after their claim of hostile people was determined to be unfounded. To strengthen their claims to the lands, the tribe partnered with a later surveying team to record their claims to the eastern side of the Sauk River, where the modern-day Indian reservation now sits.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=21–23}}

The discovery of gold and other valuable minerals in the Monte Cristo area in 1889 lured prospectors into the northern Cascades and stimulated the development of the surrounding mountain valleys. A {{convert|45|mi|km|adj=mid}} wagon road along the Sauk River connecting Monte Cristo to Sauk Prairie and the settlement of Sauk City on the Skagit River was constructed in 1891, forming part of the modern Mountain Loop Highway.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=38–40}}[8] The wagon road was only used for three years before being replaced by the Everett and Monte Cristo Railway to the south; until that time, the Sauk Prairie at the modern site of Darrington was an overnight camping spot for prospectors.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=38–40}} Nearby areas were explored by prospectors who made over 100 claims to pieces of land in the highlands around the valley, including Gold Hill.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=40–41}}[9]

Establishment and early development

The Sauk Prairie campsite evolved into a settlement that was known as "The Portage" and developed around several homesteads established between 1888 and 1891.[10] A name for the town was decided by a vote of several pioneer residents in July 1891 to prepare for the arrival of a post office.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=59–61}} The vote was tied between two options, Portage (in some accounts, Norma) and Darrington, the maiden name of settler W. W. Cristopher's mother.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=59–61}}[11] According to some reports, the name was originally to be "Barrington" but was changed due to a mistake from the Postal Department or by the townspeople to resemble the word "dare".[12][13] By the end of the decade, the town had gained a schoolhouse, a general store, a hotel, and a postmaster, Fred Olds, whose horse inspired the naming of Whitehorse Mountain.[4]{{sfnp|Beckey|2003|page=129}}

Darrington's residents lobbied the Seattle and International Railway for the construction of a branch line from Arlington to the town as early as 1895,{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=42}} offering a 15-year contract to ship 75 percent of the area's extracted ores. The railroad agreed to the offer and began construction in 1900, and was absorbed by the Northern Pacific Railway during that time, outpacing Great Northern and their plans to build a railroad to their timber holdings in the Sauk River valley.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=47–50}} Railway crews arrived in the Darrington area by the following year and the first train arrived at the town's depot on May 31, 1901.[14]

Several sawmills and other timber industries began in the years following the railroad's completion, as mining fortunes in the surrounding area dwindled.[14] Most of the original prospectors had left the Darrington area during the Klondike gold rush of the late 1890s, while those who remained established a single smelter in the mountains.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=43}} A Bornite mine was developed at Long Mountain and was hoped to revive the mining industry of the area, but was abandoned in 1910 after its mineral deposits were found to be smaller than expected.[7]{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=46}} Darrington surpassed a population of 100 residents in 1906 and established a second hotel and its first social club by that time.[4][9] The U.S. Lumber Company, which began in 1901 as the Allen Mill, was the largest employer in Darrington during the early 1910s and produced 23,000 board feet of wood per day.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=53–55}}

The U.S. Lumber Company hired 21 Japanese laborers who were paid a similar wage to their white counterparts, which angered the townspeople in Darrington. On June 13, 1910, a mob of 100 white men rioted and drove the Japanese laborers out of town after little resistance, paying for their train fare to Everett and allowing them to retrieve their belongings.[15] The riot prompted an investigation from Seattle-based vice-consul Kinjiro Hayashi, who forwarded his report to the Japanese ambassador as well as the state government.[16] The U.S. Lumber Company filed a court injunction after rioters had threatened to burn its Darrington mill and other properties should the company attempt to return the Japanese laborers to the town.[17] The injunction was denied,[18] but the townspeople eventually relented and allowed twenty Japanese laborers to return to the mill a week later following Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu's visit to Seattle.[4]{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=53–55}}[19]

Early 20th century

Darrington's residents also resisted the county government's plan to become a dry county, which would prohibit the sale of alcohol and close the town's saloons. A petition was circulated among the townspeople and residents of nearby areas to incorporate Darrington as a fourth-class city in order to continue alcohol sales, but the attempt at incorporation was thwarted after protests by the U.S. Lumber Mill and several civic leaders.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=53–55}}[20] On July 5, 1910, the town voted 46–35 in favor of remaining a "wet" settlement within the dry county, but the countywide plebiscite the same day passed in favor of prohibition.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=53–55}}

The town grew substantially in the early 1920s, with new sawmills bringing in new residents and businesses. The wagon road along the North Fork Stillaguamish River (now part of State Route 530) was improved and Darrington gained several civic services that were created by a local improvement club, including a fire department, a municipal water supply, and electrical services. The town also received its first movie theater in 1923, a high school in 1925, and a town jail to replace a disused boxcar.[4]{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=74–75, 102–104}} Standard Oil constructed an auxiliary gasoline station in 1922 to serve the area, and a stagecoach service was begun at the same time.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=104}}

The Great Depression caused lumber prices to fall in late 1930 and several small sawmills in the Darrington area suspended operations for a full year while laying off most of the town's workforce.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=156}} The town also suffered from outbreaks of scarlet fever and smallpox in 1931, which was followed by winter storms that damaged bridges and roads in the Sauk River valley.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=157}} The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) work program established Camp Darrington on May 20, 1933, to provide employment for up to 200 men from northern Snohomish County.[4] The townspeople also established a local cooperative association in 1935 to create jobs, including 33 at an independent sawmill, and provide services at a shared cost.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=158–159}}

Camp Darrington was primarily used to fight wildfires and develop infrastructure in the Darrington district of the Mount Baker National Forest, including roads, trails, and a series of fire lookout towers atop nearby mountains.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=140}}[21] Among its projects was the Mountain Loop Highway, which provided connections between ranger stations in Darrington and Granite Falls and also opened up the Cascades backcountry to logging and recreation.[22] The camp employed the first wave of Appalachian emigrants from North Carolina, who would later make up a majority of the town's population by 1947.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=119}} Camp Darrington workers also assisted in the creation of two winter sports areas that were equipped ski runs, toboggan trails, and a ski jump.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=160}} The Works Progress Administration, another federal jobs program, provided funds to replace the town's overcrowded high school in 1936.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=74}}

Incorporation and decline of lumber

Darrington reached a population of 600 residents in 1945 and was officially incorporated as a fourth-class town on October 15, 1945, following a vote of the townspeople that ended 96–60 in favor.[20] The townspeople celebrated with the establishment of an annual summer festival, the Timberbowl, which ran until 1967 and was initially used to raise funds for a fire engine and other equipment.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=107–108}} A new, two-story town hall was built in 1947, housing the town council chambers, offices for town officials, the police department, the fire department, and a public library.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=107–108}}[23] A dedicated community center was constructed in 1952 by the townspeople to serve as the venue of various social functions, as well as a general gymnasium with seating for 1,200 spectators.[24] A new high school and municipal airport opened in 1958 at opposite ends of the town.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=75}}[25]

Railroad companies with large timber holdings in the Darrington area began to leave the Stillaguamish and Sauk valleys in the 1960s, leading to the rise of independent "gyppo" loggers who salvaged discarded timber while under contract to regional paper mills.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=162–163}} The gyppo operations were eventually succeeded by a small local timber company, Summit Timber, which acquired the largest sawmill in Darrington and evolved into the modern Hampton mill.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|page=165}}[26] The closure of several smaller mills in Darrington and surrounding communities, including four for cedar shakes, caused the area's population to decline further in the 1960s and 1970s.[27]

Restrictions for logging on federal lands were further tightened in the 1980s and 1990s to protect the mountain habitats of threatened and endangered species, including the northern spotted owl, and caused further declines in the timber industries of the Darrington area.[28] In response, Summit transitioned to processing private forests and lands managed by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, maintaining its position as the town's largest employer.[29][30] The loss of timber-industry jobs was protested by the townspeople as part of the "timber wars" that erupted across logging communities in the Pacific Northwest during the 1990s.[31][32] Northern Pacific had ended passenger service to the Darrington area in the 1960s, and the passenger depot was demolished in 1967.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=47–50}} The railroad was eventually abandoned in 1990 and its right of way was acquired by the county government for conversion into a rail trail.[30][33]

Tourism economy and modern-day Darrington

The town government looked to diversify its economy and focus on tourism as an alternate industry, creating new festivals and advertising its existing Bluegrass festival and rodeo.[34][35] It adopted strong land use controls to preserve its existing rural character in the 1970s, which prevented new development until 2002.[36] Despite this, Darrington developed into a bedroom community for commuters who work in Everett and Marysville.[37] The town government also considered the construction of a 400-bed minimum-security prison work camp, but opposition from residents forced the idea to be scrapped in 1990.[27]

The town government unsuccessfully campaigned to become the host of a NASCAR racetrack and a regional swimming center in the early 2000s, aiming to become an all-year destination for the county.[38][39] Several major floods in the late 1990s and early 2000s caused damage to properties along the Stillaguamish and Sauk rivers in Darrington, including a washout of the Mountain Loop Highway.[40] The highway was restored five years after the 2003 flood, which cost Darrington approximately $750,000 in tourist revenue and caused several businesses to fail.[41][42] During the Great Recession of 2008–12, Darrington's main lumber mill laid off 67 people and the town government accepted several grants from the state to upgrade its water system and repair streets.[43][44]

On March 22, 2014, a major mudslide on a hillside near Oso destroyed dozens of homes and a section of State Route 530, cutting off direct road access between Arlington and Darrington for two months.[45] The mudslide took place {{convert|12|mi|km}} west of Darrington and killed 43 people, becoming the deadliest landslide in U.S. history and the deadliest natural disaster in state history since the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.[46][47] Darrington became one of the main staging areas for disaster response workers and supplies, converting a community center into an emergency shelter for victims and the rodeo grounds into an animal shelter and housing for workers.[48][49][50]

State Route 530 was partially reopened to traffic by early June, while a permanent replacement was constructed over the summer months and opened in September.[51][52] The long detour around the north side via State Route 20 caused increased costs for local businesses, which were mitigate with low-interest loans from the Small Business Administration and recovery funds, including $9.5 million in private donations.[53][54] The tourism industry in Darrington also received a state-funded advertising campaign over the summer months, which helped keep revenue and visitation of local events at pre-slide levels.[55][56][57] The state government, together with a Economic Alliance Snohomish County and Washington State University, drafted an economic recovery plan that was put into effect in 2016 and is planned to cost $65 million.[58]

Geography

Darrington is located in the northeastern reach of Snohomish County in Western Washington, just south of the Skagit County border. It is {{convert|28|mi|km}} east of Arlington, the nearest city, and {{convert|74|mi|km}} northeast of Seattle.[59] According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of {{convert|1.67|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|1.65|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[60]

Darrington is situated on a plain between the North Fork Stillaguamish River to the west and the Sauk River to the east, where the town itself lies.[4] The plain is {{convert|5|mi|km|1}} long and {{convert|1.5|mi|km|1}} wide,[14] sitting at an elevation of approximately {{convert|554|ft|m}} in a valley between the foothills of the Cascade Mountains, including the {{convert|6,852|ft|m|adj=mid}} Whitehorse Mountain.[61][62] The plain was formed by lahar deposits from several eruptions of Glacier Peak, located {{convert|25|mi|km}} to the southeast.[63] The area remains in the volcano's lahar hazard zone and also lies on a fault line that last produced a major earthquake less than 500 years ago.[63][64] The Darrington area is primarily composed of glacial sands and gravels that have deposits of various mineral ores, including gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, antimony, arsenic, mercury, and iron.[65]

Climate

Darrington has a general climate similar to most of the Puget Sound lowlands and the Cascades foothills, with dry summers and mild, rainy winters moderated by a marine influence from the Pacific Ocean.[66] The town has a temperature difference of ten degrees from Everett and other lowland cities, with colder winters and warmer summers.[61] The majority of the region's precipitation arrives during the winter and early spring, and Darrington averages 152 days of precipitation annually that totals {{convert|79.35|in|cm}} on average—significantly higher than areas in lowland Snohomish County.[12][67] Darrington also receives significantly more snowfall than surrounding areas due to its location in the mountains, with 10 to 15 days on average and approximately {{convert|39|in|cm|0}} of snowfall annually since 1911.[61][67]

July is Darrington's warmest month, with average high temperatures of {{convert|77.5|F|C|lk=on}}, while January is the coolest, at an average high of {{convert|40.8|F|C}}.[67] The highest recorded temperature, {{convert|107|F|C}}, occurred on July 12, 2007, and the lowest, {{convert|-14|F|C}}, occurred on January 25, 1950.[67] According to the Köppen climate classification system, Darrington has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb).[68]

{{Weather box
|location = Darrington, Washington
|single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 74
| Feb record high F = 70
| Mar record high F = 82
| Apr record high F = 91
| May record high F = 103
| Jun record high F = 105
| Jul record high F = 107
| Aug record high F = 105
| Sep record high F = 104
| Oct record high F = 94
| Nov record high F = 77
| Dec record high F = 65
| year record high F = 107
| Jan high F = 40.8
| Feb high F = 45.9
| Mar high F = 52.1
| Apr high F = 59.5
| May high F = 66.3
| Jun high F = 70.6
| Jul high F = 77.5
| Aug high F = 77.4
| Sep high F = 71.1
| Oct high F = 60.3
| Nov high F = 47.8
| Dec high F = 41.6
| year high F = 59.2
| Jan low F = 27.7
| Feb low F = 29.6
| Mar low F = 32.8
| Apr low F = 36.5
| May low F = 42.4
| Jun low F = 47.5
| Jul low F = 50.0
| Aug low F = 50.3
| Sep low F = 45.2
| Oct low F = 39.0
| Nov low F = 33.3
| Dec low F = 29.7
| year low F = 38.7
| Jan record low F = -14
| Feb record low F = -11
| Mar record low F = 0
| Apr record low F = 20
| May record low F = 20
| Jun record low F = 31
| Jul record low F = 30
| Aug record low F = 24
| Sep record low F = 24
| Oct record low F = 16
| Nov record low F = -4
| Dec record low F = -10
| year record low F = -14
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 11.84
| Feb precipitation inch = 8.73
| Mar precipitation inch = 8.44
| Apr precipitation inch = 5.16
| May precipitation inch = 3.60
| Jun precipitation inch = 2.83
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.43
| Aug precipitation inch = 1.63
| Sep precipitation inch = 3.62
| Oct precipitation inch = 7.39
| Nov precipitation inch = 11.84
| Dec precipitation inch = 12.85
| year precipitation inch = 79.35
| Jan precipitation days = 17
| Feb precipitation days = 14
| Mar precipitation days = 16
| Apr precipitation days = 13
| May precipitation days = 12
| Jun precipitation days = 11
| Jul precipitation days = 6
| Aug precipitation days = 7
| Sep precipitation days = 9
| Oct precipitation days = 13
| Nov precipitation days = 16
| Dec precipitation days = 17
|source 1 = Western Regional Climate Center (1922–2012)[67]
|date=February 2019
}}

Economy

Darrington's largest industry remains logging, centered around several small companies and the Hampton sawmill, the town's largest employer with 130 jobs.[69] Hampton acquired the disused sawmill from Summit Timber in 2002 and reopened it the following year after $15 million in renovations.[70] The sawmill primarily processes western hemlock and Douglas fir from nearby state and local lands.[71][72] Other major industries in the town include tourism and outdoor recreation, educational services for the Darrington School District, and forestry management.[59][61] The town has a grocery store, a bakery, several restaurants, a bookstore, and a microbrewery.[73][74] The Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe has a small casino and bingo hall that employs 50 people.[75]

A 2015 Census survey estimated that Darrington had a workforce population of 1,138 and an unemployment rate of 9.3 percent.[76] The most common employers for Darrington residents are in manufacturing sector (23.8%), followed by educational and health services (17.6%), retail (13.7%), and public administration (10.5%).[76] Approximately 9.9 percent of Darrington residents also work within the town, while 13 percent commute to Everett, 6.4 percent work in Seattle, and 5.7 percent work in Arlington.[77] The average one-way commute for the town's workers is approximately 36.5 minutes; 85.3 percent of commuters drove alone to their workplace, while 6.8 percent carpooled and 6.2 walked or used other modes of transport.[76]

Demographics

{{US Census population
|1950= 921
|1960= 1272
|1970= 1094
|1980= 1064
|1990= 1042
|2000= 1136
|2010= 1347
|estyear=2017
|estimate=1406
|estref=[78]
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[79]
2015 Estimate[80]
}}

Darrington is the third-smallest incorporated place in Snohomish County, ahead of Woodway and Index, with an estimated population of 1,385 in 2016.[81][82] Historically, the Darrington area's population peaked at an estimated 3,500 to 4,000 in the early 20th century during the heyday of logging in the area, including Scandinavian and Western European immigrants.[4][83] The town saw an influx of Appalachian transplants from North Carolina (particularly the area around Sylva) in the 1940s and 1950s,[84] whose families remain in the Darrington area and influenced traditions and the local culture.[12][85] The town's population has remained relatively stable since the 1960s, declining by 230 residents by 1990 and rebounding since then.[12][27][82] Darrington residents predominantly live in single-family housing, with only 36 multi-family units reported in 2010.[86]

According to 2012 estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau, Darrington has a median family income of $60,750, and a per capita income of $18,047, ranking 227th of 281 areas within the state of Washington.[76][87] Approximately 16.7% of families and 20.9% of the overall population were below the poverty line, including 24% of those under the age of 18 and 8.9% aged 65 or older.[76] Darrington is described as economically depressed and has median household incomes that are far below the Snohomish County average.[88]

2010 census

As of the 2010 U.S. census, there were 1,347 people, 567 households, and 349 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|816.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 644 housing units at an average density of {{convert|390.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 92.4% White, 2.4% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 3.2% of the population.[2]

There were 567 households of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.4% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.96.[2]

The median age in the town was 41.4 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 28.1% were from 45 to 64; and 16.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.9% male and 49.1% female.[2]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 1,136 people, 473 households, and 292 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,171.9 people per square mile (452.2/km²). There were 505 housing units at an average density of 520.9 per square mile (201.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 94.98% White, 1.67% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.26% from other races, and 2.73% from two or more races. Hispanic of Latino residents of any race were 1.23% of the population.[89]

There were 473 households out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.08.[89]

In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 27.1% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.[89]

The median income for a household in the town was $32,813, and the median income for a family was $44,063. Males had a median income of $36,429 versus $25,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,384. About 4.7% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over.[89]

Government and politics

Darrington is an incorporated town that operates under a mayor–council form of government.[90] It is one of two towns within Snohomish County, the other being Index, the only incorporated place in the county with a smaller population than Darrington.[91] The five town council members meet twice per month and are elected to four-year terms alongside the mayor.[92] Dan Rankin, a sawmill owner and former councilmember, was elected the mayor of Darrington in 2011 and re-elected to a second term in 2015.[93]

The town government handles and manages public safety, public works, administration, and parks and recreation.[90] It also operates a public cemetery,[94] a municipal airport, and contracts for utility services.[95] The mayor and town council appoint a clerk treasurer and the heads of various government departments.[90] {{As of|2016}}, the town government employs seven people and has an annual budget of $3 million.[90] The town has an independent fire department with two stations, but contracts with the Snohomish County Sheriff for policing and emergency services.[96]{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|pages=73–79}} The town also has a public library branch operated by the Sno-Isle Libraries system and located in the town hall complex, which was built in 1990 and expanded in 2008.[97][98]

At the federal level, Darrington is part of Washington's 1st congressional district,[99] which has been represented by Democrat Suzan DelBene since 2012.[100] At the state level, the town is part of the 39th legislative district, which also includes rural areas in the North Cascades foothills.[99] The 39th district is represented by senator Kirk Pearson, and representatives Dan Kristiansen and Elizabeth Scott.[101][102] Darrington is wholly part of the Snohomish County Council's 1st district, represented by Nate Nehring, son of Marysville mayor Jon Nehring, since his appointment in 2017.[103]

During the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Darrington had the highest percent of voters to choose Republican Donald Trump, at 61.3 percent compared to 32.9 percent for Democrat Hillary Clinton. During the same year's gubernatorial election, 41.3 percent of Darrington voters preferred incumbent Democrat Jay Inslee, while 58.7 percent voted for Republican Bill Bryant.[104] During the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama won in Darrington with 52 percent of votes.[104]

Culture

Darrington describes itself as a self-sufficient and tight-knit community, owing to its isolation and small population.[105][106] Descendants of Tarheel emigrants from North Carolina, particularly from the Sylva area after World War II, shaped many of the traditions and customs in the Darrington area.[84] The term "going down below" is sometimes used among Darrington residents to refer to trips outside of the town.[107] The town hosts memorial dinners and fundraisers during funerals for its residents, typically attended by up to a fourth of the town's population.[108][109] Darrington also has a strong tradition of volunteerism, which it sometimes relies on in lieu of municipal services.[62][110]

Events and festivals

Darrington has a community events complex and park located {{convert|3|mi|km}} west of the town, which is home to several annual events, including a rodeo and a Bluegrass festival.[111] The Darrington Timberbowl Rodeo began in 1964 and typically draws over 1,000 spectators during its two-day run in late June.[112] The rodeo was cancelled in 2013 due to an inspection deeming the venue's bleachers to be unsafe, but it resumed the following year after $25,000 in state grants were used for repairs.[113] The Timberbowl Rodeo is named for a former festival that was held annually in late June from 1946 to 1967, featuring various logging events and competitions in addition to a town parade.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=107–108}}[114][115]

The Darrington Bluegrass Festival is held for three days every July and was started in 1977 by descendants of Appalachian transplants to the area.[116] The festival draws around 10,000 people, including visitors who use an adjacent campground and participate in communal jam sessions. Prominent Bluegrass groups, including Bill Monroe, the Gibson Brothers, and Rural Delivery, have performed at Darrington's Whitehorse Mountain Amphitheater.[113][117] Since 2006, the amphitheater has also been used to host the Summer Meltdown jam festival in early August, which attracts a wide variety of musical acts.[118] The four-day event typically draws 4,000 visitors and 40 acts, as well as art pieces that are installed around the campgrounds.[119]

The town also has several other annual events, including Darrington Day in late May, a Fourth of July parade, and a street fair in July.[120][121] Darrington formerly hosted a wildflower festival in the 1990s as part of its transition to a tourism-based economy.[35]

Media

Darrington lacks a modern-day local newspaper and is instead served by The Everett Herald, a daily publication from Everett, and the weekly Arlington Times. The town's first newspaper, named The Wrangler, was published from 1907 to 1915 by the Darrington Literary Society. A second newspaper, The Darrington News, was published for two years from 1947 to 1949 and was followed by the Timber Bowl Tribune, which was printed in Darrington and Concrete using a plant owned by The Concrete Herald. The Tribune was active from 1955 to 1958, when it was folded into the Arlington Times.{{sfnp|Poehlman|1979|pages=110–112}}[122]

Parks and recreation

Darrington is surrounded by the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and serves as the headquarters of the Darrington Ranger District, a unit of the U.S. Forest Service.[123] The area includes three designated wilderness areas, Glacier Peak, Henry M. Jackson, and Boulder River, and over {{convert|300|mi|km}} of hiking and backcountry trails that are also open to mountain biking and horseback riding.[124] Darrington has several campgrounds, roadside recreational areas, fishing areas, and whitewater rafting courses along the Sauk and Suiattle rivers.[124][125] The Mountain Loop Highway connects Darrington to various scenic areas, including birdwatching hotspots and the Pacific Crest Trail system.[126]

The town government also maintains several small parks in Darrington, totaling {{convert|24|acre}} of open space.{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|p=96}} Old School Park sits within view of Whitehorse Mountain and has a gazebo, a playground, a skate park, and a pump track for bicycles.[127] Harold Engles Park has a disc golf course and a lawn, and Nels Bruseth Memorial Garden has historic exhibits and a rhododendron garden.[128] The Snohomish County government owns and operates Whitehorse Community Park, which includes several baseball and softball fields on {{convert|80|acres}} north of the town that opened in 2007.[129][130] Darrington is the only town in the state to have a permanent archery range, which is one of three that reguarlly hosts events organized by the National Field Archery Association.[125] The archery complex includes six full ranges, trails, concession stands, and {{convert|190|acre|ha}} of reserved space.[131] The town also has a community center that was built in 1954 and typically functions as a gymnasium and gathering space.[110]

Historic preservation

The town has a small historical society that preserves photographs and other documents for research.[132] The Darrington Range District has four structures listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which evaluates historic sites.[133] The ranger station in Darrington was listed in 1991, while the fire lookouts on Three Fingers, Miners Ridge, and Green Mountain were listed in 1987 and 1988.[133] The Green Mountain lookout was planned to be removed due to its maintenance requiring helicopters and other machinery, but the passage of the Green Mountain Lookout Heritage Protection Act by the U.S. Congress prevented its removal and provided funds for a restoration project.[134][135]

Notable people

  • Bob Barker, former game show host of The Price Is Right[136]
  • Nels Bruseth, forest ranger, artist, and naturalist[137]

Education

The Darrington School District operates two public schools within the town that have a total enrollment of 414 students during the 2016–17 school year.[138] It has 31 teachers and administrations, and 50 other staff members.[139] The district primarily serves Darrington and areas east of Oso, as well as areas in Skagit County that are near the Sauk-Suiattle Reservation.[140][141] The town's elementary school, serving kindergarten through eight grade, was opened in 1990 and is located adjacent to the high school on a shared campus.[139][142] The mascot for the school is the Darrington Loggers, named after the industry on which the town was built. The Loggers have fielded teams in various sports that have won state championships in the 1950s, 1980s, and 1990s.[143]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Darrington is located along State Route 530, which travels {{convert|28|mi|km}} west towards Arlington and north to State Route 20 at Rockport.[144][145] The highway carries a daily average of approximately 3,300 vehicles west of the town and 2,300 vehicles north of the town towards the Sauk-Suiattle Reservation.[146] Darrington has a third highway connection through the Mountain Loop Highway, a backcountry scenic byway that runs {{convert|54|mi|km}} south through the Cascades and west to Granite Falls. It is closed seasonally in the winter and is considered unsuitable for commercial traffic, in part due to a {{convert|14|mi|km|adj=mid}} dirt and gravel section that remains unpaved.[147][148]

The area is also served by Community Transit, the main public transportation agency for most of Snohomish County. Route 230 connects Darrington to Oso, Arlington, and a transit center in Smokey Point twice a day during rush hour.[149] The Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe operates a bus route serving Darrington, its reservation, and Concrete. It has six daily round trips and launched in 2016 with grants from the state and federal governments.[150]

The Whitehorse Trail, a recreational trail for hikers, cyclists, and horseback riders, is being developed by the county government to connect Darrington with Arlington. It follows an abandoned railroad that was built in 1901 by the Northern Pacific Railway and sold to the county in 1993.[151][152] The town government operates a small airport, Darrington Municipal Airport, which has a single paved runway suitable for general aviation and other activities.[153]

Utilities

Electric power for Darrington residents and businesses is provided by the Snohomish County Public Utility District (PUD), a consumer-owned public utility that serves all of Snohomish County.[154] The PUD operates a small biomass cogeneration plant in Darrington that produces electricity from steam power by burning wood from the Hampton Lumber sawmill.[155] The 7 MW plant was installed in 2006 after the rejection of an earlier proposal by the National Energy Systems Company (NESCO) for a similar plant that would have generated up to 20 MW.[156] The NESCO proposal was withdrawn in 2004 over local concerns about air pollution and environmental degradation that would pose a risk to the national forestlands.[157][158] The town lacks natural gas service and relies on wood-burning stoves for building heat, some of which have been replaced by the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency due to their impact on air quality.{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|pages=107–108}}[159] Frontier Communications is the only land-based provider of internet and telephone service to Darrington, using a fiber-optic cable following State Route 530.[160]

The town government provides water and water treatment to 534 structures that are connected to a pair of wells.{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|p=78}} Darrington is one of several small communities in Snohomish County that lack a municipal sewer system, instead relying on septic tanks.{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|p=18}}[161] The town government has considered installing a sewerage system several times in the 1990s and 2000s, but the $6.5 million cost (as estimated in 2000) and the needed land for a sewage treatment plant have caused plans to stall.[37] Solid waste and recycling collection is contracted out by the town government to Waste Management.{{Sfnp|Darrington Comprehensive Plan|2015|pages=107–108}}

Health care

Darrington's nearest general hospital is the Cascade Valley Hospital in Arlington.[162] The town also has a medical clinic operated by Skagit Regional Health and staffed by a single doctor.[163] The clinic was established in 1958 and operated by Cascade Valley Hospital until it was absorbed into the Skagit system.[164] The town has periodically gone for years without a doctor, notably substituting a registered nurse to provide the majority of medical care in the early 1970s.[165]

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151. ^{{cite news |date=November 11, 1993 |title=Railroad land to add 27 miles to trail system |page=4 |work=The Seattle Times}}
152. ^{{cite news |last=Bray |first=Kari |date=December 28, 2015 |title=Work to begin on another 9.5 miles of Whitehorse Trail |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/news/work-to-begin-on-another-9-5-miles-of-whitehorse-trail/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=February 27, 2019}}
153. ^{{cite web |date=March 22, 2012 |title=Darrington Municipal Airport Economic Profile |url=https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/C5FAEEE2-C05A-4543-B5D0-ABB95F6D25EE/0/2012Darrington.pdf |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |accessdate=February 27, 2019}}
154. ^{{cite web |title=Quick Facts |url=https://www.snopud.com/?p=1350 |publisher=Snohomish County Public Utility District |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
155. ^{{cite web |title=Power Supply: Biomass |url=https://www.snopud.com/PowerSupply/Biomass.ashx?p=1157 |publisher=Snohomish County Public Utility District |accessdate=March 1, 2019}}
156. ^{{cite news |last1=Reese |first1=Phil |last2=Carlson |first2=Bill |date=May 15, 2007 |title=Experts ponder future of biomass industry |url=https://www.powermag.com/experts-ponder-future-of-biomass-industry/?printmode=1 |work=Power Magazine |accessdate=March 1, 2019}}
157. ^{{cite news |last=Fetters |first=Eric |date=July 30, 2004 |title=Darrington electric plant shelved |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/business/darrington-electric-plant-shelved/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=March 1, 2019}}
158. ^{{cite news |last=Morris |first=Scott |date=March 14, 2004 |title=Feds join Darrington power plant battle |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/news/feds-join-darrington-power-plant-battle/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=March 1, 2019}}
159. ^{{cite news |last=Fiege |first=Gale |date=February 1, 2009 |title=Darrington cleans up its air, one wood stove at a time |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/news/darrington-cleans-up-its-air-one-wood-stove-at-a-time/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=March 10, 2019}}
160. ^{{cite news |last=Bray |first=Kari |date=March 10, 2015 |title=Permanent cables link Arlington, Darrington once again |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/news/permanent-cables-link-arlington-darrington-once-again/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
161. ^{{cite report |date=June 10, 2015 |title=Snohomish County General Policy Plan |page=UT-5 |chapter=Utilities |chapterurl=https://snohomishcountywa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/8730/Utilities |publisher=Snohomish County |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
162. ^{{cite news |date=November 30, 2013 |title=Interactive map of hospitals in King, Pierce, Snohomish counties |url=http://old.seattletimes.com/html/localpages/2022360954_interactive-map-hospitals-king-pierce-snohomish.html |work=The Seattle Times |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
163. ^{{cite news |last=Fiege |first=Gale |date=May 17, 2013 |title=Darrington's sole doctor is always in |url=https://www.heraldnet.com/news/darringtons-sole-doctor-is-always-in/ |work=The Everett Herald |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
164. ^{{cite web |title=Darrington Clinic Guild |url=http://www.cascadevalley.org/darrington-clinic-guild/ |publisher=Cascade Valley Hospital |accessdate=February 28, 2019}}
165. ^{{cite news |date=May 25, 1973 |title=Darrington's nurse-practitioner system may be solution for other small towns |pages=A10–A11 |work=The Seattle Times}}

External links

{{commons category}}
  • {{official website}}
  • Tarheels in the Northwest, KCTS-TV (PBS), 1979 – via American Archive of Public Broadcasting
{{Snohomish County, Washington}}

3 : Towns in Snohomish County, Washington|Towns in Washington (state)|Logging communities in the United States
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