| 词条 | Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| 释义 |
| name = Louis Rudolph | title = Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg | image = Louis Rudolph duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.jpg | caption = Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg | succession = Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | reign = 1731–1735 | noble family = House of Welf | father = Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg | mother = Elizabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Nordborg | spouse = Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen | birth_date = {{birth_date|1671|7|22|df=yes}} | birth_place = Wolfenbüttel, Brunswick-Lüneburg | death_date = {{death date and age|1735|3|1|1671|7|22|df=yes}} | death_place = Brunswick, Brunswick-Lüneburg | burial_place = Brunswick Cathedral }} Louis Rudolph ({{lang-de|Ludwig Rudolf}}; 22 July 1671 – 1 March 1735), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and ruling Prince of Wolfenbüttel from 1731 until his death. Since 1707, he ruled as an immediate Prince of Blankenburg. LifeLouis Rudolph was the youngest son of Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and his consort Elizabeth Juliane, a daughter of Duke Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg. He became a major general in the service of the Habsburg emperor Leopold I in 1690 and was promptly captured in the Battle of Fleurus by the forces of King Louis XIV of France. After being released the same year, his father gave him the Brunswick County of Blankenburg as a present, with the consent of his eldest son Augustus William, insofar violating the primogeniture principle laid down by the late Duke Henry V. When in 1707 Prince Anthony Ulrich managed to betroth Louis Rudolph's daughter Elisabeth Christine to the Habsburg archduke Charles VI, his elder brother Emperor Joseph I raised the County of Blankenburg to an immediate principality. Louis Rudolph's status as an Imperial prince (Reichsfürst), however, was limited as his vote in the Imperial Diet was not hereditary and depending on the Welf Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Calenberg line). On the death of brother Augustus William in 1731, Louis Rudolph also inherited Wolfenbüttel, thus ruling both principalities in personal union. He relocated his residence to Wolfenbüttel, the capital of the inherited bigger principality. In the few years of his rule, Louis Rudolph managed to restore the finances, after Augustus William had almost ruined the state. Louis Rudolph died without male issue in 1735. He was succeeded by his first cousin, Duke Ferdinand Albert II, who had married Louis Rudolph's youngest daughter, Antoinette Amalie. FamilyLouis Rudolph married Christine Louise, daughter of Albert Ernest I, Prince of Oettingen, at Aurich in 1690. They had the following children who reached adulthood:
Louis Rudolph's descendants include monarchs of World War I Allied Powers George V of the United Kingdom, Nicholas II of Russia, Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, Albert I of the Belgians, Ferdinand I of Romania; monarchs of the Central Powers Wilhelm II of Germany, Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary, Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg and Ferdinand I of Bulgaria; also the current monarchs of Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Liechtenstein. His descendants also included the last rulers of several defunct kingdoms and empires including Francis II the last Holy Roman Emperor, Charles I of Austria, Ludwig III of Bavaria, Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, William II of Württemberg, Francis II of the Two Sicilies, Maximilian I of Mexico, Manuel II of Portugal, Pedro II of Brazil, Constantine II of Greece, Peter II of Yugoslavia, Napoleon II and Louis XVII of France. Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |2= 2. Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |3= 3. Elizabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Nordborg |4= 4.Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |5= 5. Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst |6= 6. Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg |7= 7. Eleanor of Anhalt-Zerbst |8= 8. Henry III, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |9= 9. Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg |10= 10. Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst |11= 11. Dorothea Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |12= 12. John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg |13= 13. Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen |14= 14. Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (= 10) |15= 15. Dorothea Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (= 11) |16= 16. Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |17= 17. Sophia of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |18= 18. Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg |19= 19. Sybille of Saxony |20= 20. Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt |21= 21. Eleonore of Württemberg |22= 22. Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |23= 23. Dorothea of Saxony |24= 24. Christian III of Denmark |25= 25. Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg |26= 26. Ernest III, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen |27= 27. Anna Margerite of Pomerania-Stettin |28= 28. Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt (= 20) |29= 29. Eleonore of Württemberg (= 21) |30= 30. Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (= 22) |31= 31. Dorothea of Saxony (= 23) }} References
before = Augustus William | title = Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg years = 1731–1735 | after = Ferdinand Albert II }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Louis Rudolf}} 5 : 1671 births|1735 deaths|Princes of Wolfenbüttel|Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew|New House of Brunswick |
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