| 词条 | Lower Bottoms, Oakland, California |
| 释义 |
|name = Lower Bottoms |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = United States Oakland |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption = Location within Oakland |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = California |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Alameda |subdivision_type3 = City |subdivision_name3 = Oakland |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = |population_note = |population_footnotes = |settlement_type = Neighborhood of Oakland |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|37.805053|-122.293614|region:US-CA|display=inline}} |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |footnotes = }} The Lower Bottoms (also known as The Bottoms[1]) is the colloquial name given to the Prescott/Oakland Point neighborhood in West Oakland in Oakland, California. The neighborhood boundaries are Mandela Parkway to the east, 7th Street to the south, West Grand Avenue to the north, and the former Oakland Army Base to the west. It includes the "central station development" of the former 16th Street Train Station, which served as a film location for the 2005 film Rent[2] and Vallejo rapper E-40's "Tell Me When to Go" video. It is also the hometown of playground basketball legend Demetrius "Hook" Mitchell. HistoryThe area was originally part of Oakland Point. It was a residential area of Victorian homes, many of which still stand, some in disrepair and some having undergone rehabilitation.[3] The neighborhood has suffered from high rates of crime,[4] gang activity,[5] and poverty since the decline of Oakland's industrial economy in the late 20th century. The neighborhood earned its nickname after the construction of the Cypress Freeway in the 1950s that split the West Oakland neighborhood in two and isolated Oakland Point from the remainder of West Oakland. The one housing project is Campbell Village Court. Seventh Street was an African-American cultural center of Oakland from the 1940s to the 1960s, due to nightclubs such as Slim Jenkins' Place, Esther's Orbit Room and the Lincoln Theater, which drew top blues and jazz performers from across the United States.[6] The area was sometimes referred to as "The Harlem of the West."[7] The decline of Seventh Street has been blamed on the construction of the Cypress Freeway, the Oakland Main Post Office—and subsequent BART elevated track lines, which took up much of the street.[8] At the corner of Tenth and Center Streets, Huey P. Newton, founder of the Black Panther Party, was gunned down in an alleged failed drug deal on August 22, 1989.[9] GentrificationThe Bottoms is undergoing gentrification,[10] similar to neighboring "Dogtown" area of West Oakland. Once the most devalued neighborhood in Oakland, the Lower Bottoms now has some newly rehabilitated Victorian homes that have recently sold for $700,000. It is now a slightly more sought after area to live in because of its location as a historic center of the Bay Area and its proximity to San Francisco.{{Citation needed|date=September 2007}} Cultural characterThe Village Bottoms Cultural District is an emerging neighborhood commercial hub, organized in 2000 by local entrepreneurs, artists, and community organizers. It aims at redevelopment with an emphasis on the area's black cultural roots and works in cooperation with Black Dot Artists Inc, Village Bottoms Neighborhood Association, and Ecocity Builders.[11] The Village Bottoms Community Development Corporation also worked toward redevelopment, but was closed in 2012 when the state of California abolished all redevelopment corporations. Several community organizations are based in Lower Bottoms, including the Lower Bottoms Neighborhood Association, the Prescott-Joseph Center, UNIA, Alliance for West Oakland Development, Prescott-Oakland Point Neighborhood Association,[12] and the Lower Bottom Playaz theater troupe. Commercial outlets like City Slicker Farms, Revolution Cafe, Bikes 4 Life, and Mo Better Foods serve the community. In 2006, a locally owned full-service cooperative grocery store named Mandela Foods Cooperative (member of the Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives) opened in Lower Bottoms, providing residents access to fresh produce, and focusing on nutritional education and affordable foods grown locally. Political representationThe entire neighborhood lies within the boundaries of Oakland's Downtown-West Oakland District 3 City Council seat For 16 years the area was represented on the Oakland City Council by West Oakland resident Nancy Nadel.[13] She retired in 2012, and West Oakland resident Lynette Gibson-McElhaney was elected to succeed her.[14] See also
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/01/21/CMG93N6V7B1.DTL |title=Against Gentrification: Marcel Diallo sees a black cultural district where Oakland's the Bottoms neighborhood now stands |publisher=San Francisco Chronicle |date=January 21, 2007| first=Anne| last=Stuhldreher}} {{Oakland, California neighborhoods}}2. ^{{cite web|first=Julia |last=Olmstead |title=Filmed in Oakland |publisher=The Oakbook |url=http://www.theoakbook.com/MoreDetail.aspx?Aid=1476&CatId=15 |date=December 24, 2007 |accessdate= 2011-04-27}} {{dead link|date=November 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://forum.skyscraperpage.com/showthread.php?t=194677|title=West Oakland: Below the Bottoms|work=Skyscraperpage|accessdate=8 November 2012}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.berkeleydaily.org/article1.cfm?archiveDate=04-07-06&storyID=23846 |publisher=Berkeley Daily Planet |date=April 7, 2006 |title=Oakland Fails to Deal with Violence Problems }}{{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://photos.mercurynews.com/2012/08/18/west-oakland-woman-moves-out-of-her-home-after-gang-intimidation/|title=West Oakland woman moves out of her home after gang intimidation|date=August 18, 2012|work=San Jose Mercury News|accessdate=8 November 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bayareabluessociety.net/The_Music_They_Played_On_7th_Street_Project.html |title=The Music They Played on 7th Street |publisher=Bay Area Blues Society |accessdate=2011-04-27 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719195019/http://www.bayareabluessociety.net/The_Music_They_Played_On_7th_Street_Project.html |archivedate=2011-07-19 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shopoakland.com/districts/west-oakland.html |title=West Oakland Retail Business Profiles |work=shopoakland.com |accessdate=8 November 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223191317/http://shopoakland.com/districts/west-oakland.html |archivedate=23 February 2012 |df= }} 8. ^{{cite news|first=Justin| last=Goldman |title=7th Street Blues |publisher=Diabloe Magazine |url=http://www.diablomag.com/Diablo-Magazine/June-2007/7th-Street-Blues/ |date=June 2007 |accessdate= 2011-04-27}} 9. ^{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= Suspect Admits Shooting Newton, Police Say |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE6D8153EF934A1575BC0A96F948260 |publisher=Associated Press in New York Times |date= August 27, 1989|accessdate=2008-05-12}} 10. ^Village Bottoms Cultural District {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826161731/http://web.mac.com/marceldiallo/iWeb/Black%20New%20World/village%20bottoms.html |date=August 26, 2009 }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ecocitybuilders.org/what-we-do/consulting/village-bottoms-cultural-district/|title=Village Bottoms Cultural District|work=Ecocity Builders|accessdate=8 November 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013011923/http://www.ecocitybuilders.org/what-we-do/consulting/village-bottoms-cultural-district/|archivedate=13 October 2012|df=}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.popna.blogspot.com/|title=Welcome to the Prescott-Oakland Point Neighborhood|work=Prescott-Oakland Point Neighborhood Association|accessdate=8 November 2012}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oaklandnet.com/nadel/ExecProfile.asp |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-12-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914120957/http://www.oaklandnet.com/nadel/ExecProfile.asp |archivedate=2010-09-14 |df= }} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://rockridge.patch.com/articles/will-new-faces-on-oakland-city-council-change-the-equation|title=Will New Faces on Oakland City Council Change the Equation?|last=Jordan|first=Dixie|date=November 7, 2012|work=The Rockridge Patch|accessdate=8 November 2012}} 1 : Neighborhoods in Oakland, California |
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