“Lycian alphabet”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Lycian alphabet

释义

The alphabet
Unicode
See also
Notes
References
External links

{{Other uses|Lycian (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox Writing system
|name=Lycian
|languages=Lycian language
|type=Alphabet
|time=500-330 BC
|fam1=Phoenician
|fam2=Greek
|sisters=Lydian, Phrygian
|sample=
|imagesize=270px
|unicode=[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U10280.pdf U+10280–U+1029F]
|iso15924=Lyci
}}

The Lycian alphabet was used to write the Lycian language of the Asia Minor region of Lycia. It was an extension of the Greek alphabet, with half a dozen additional letters for sounds not found in Greek. It was largely similar to the Lydian and the Phrygian alphabets.

The alphabet

The Lycian alphabet^[1]^[2] contains letters for 29 sounds. Some sounds are represented by more than one symbol, which is considered one "letter". There are six vowel letters, one for each of the four oral vowels of Lycian, and separate letters for two of the four nasal vowels. Nine of the Lycian letters do not appear to derive from the Greek alphabet.

The Lycian alphabet
Lycian letter	Transliteration	IPA	Notes
Lyci\|𐊀}}	a	[a]
Lyci\|𐊂}}	b	[β]
Lyci\|𐊄}}	g	[ɣ]
Lyci\|𐊅}}	d	[ð]
Lyci\|𐊆}}	i	[i], [ĩ]
Lyci\|𐊇}}	w	[w]
Lyci\|𐊈}}	z	[t͡s]
Lyci\|𐊛}}	h	[h]
Lyci\|𐊉}}	θ	[θ]
Lyci\|𐊊}}	j or y	[j]
Lyci\|𐊋}}	k	[kʲ]	[ɡʲ] after nasals
Lyci\|𐊍}}	l	[l] and [l̩]~[əl]
Lyci\|𐊎}}	m	[m]
Lyci\|𐊏}}	n	[n]
Lyci\|𐊒}}	u	[u], [ũ]
Lyci\|𐊓}}	p	[p]	[b] after nasals
Lyci\|𐊔}}	κ	[k]? [kʲ]? [h(e)]
Lyci\|𐊕}}	r	[r] and [r̩]~[ər]
Lyci\|𐊖}}	s	[s]
Lyci\|𐊗}}	t	[t]	[d] after nasals. ñt is [d] as in {{Script\|Lyci\|𐊑𐊗𐊁𐊎𐊒𐊜𐊍𐊆𐊅𐊀}} / {{lang\|xlc-Latn\|Ñtemuχlida}} for Greek {{lang\|el\|Δημοκλείδης}} / {{lang\|el\|Dēmokleídēs}}.^[3]
Lyci\|𐊁}}	e	[e]
Lyci\|𐊙}}	ã	[ã]	{{Script\|Lyci\|𐊍𐊒𐊖𐊙𐊗𐊕𐊀}} / {{lang\|xlc\|Lusãtra}} for Greek {{lang\|el\|Λύσανδρος}} / {{lang\|el-Latn\|Lúsandros}}.^[4]
Lyci\|𐊚}}	ẽ	[ẽ]
Lyci\|𐊐}}	m̃	[m̩], [əm], [m.]	originally perhaps syllabic [m], later coda [m]
Lyci\|𐊑}}	ñ	[n̩], [ən], [n.]	originally perhaps syllabic [n], later coda [n]
Lyci\|𐊘}}	τ	[tʷ]? [t͡ʃ]?
Lyci\|𐊌}}	q	[k]	[ɡ] after nasals
Lyci\|𐊃}}	β	[k]? [kʷ]?	voiced after nasals
Lyci\|𐊜}}	χ	[q]	[ɢ] after nasals

Unicode

The Lycian alphabet was added to the Unicode Standard in April, 2008 with the release of version 5.1.

It is encoded in Plane 1 (Supplementary Multilingual Plane).

The Unicode block for Lycian is U+10280–U+1029F:

Notes

1. ^Adiego (2007) page 764.
2. ^Bryce (1986) pages 56-57.
3. ^{{cite journal|last=Bryce|first=T. R.|title=The Pronunciation of Delta in Greek and Lycian|journal=Classical Philology|volume=81|issue=1|pages=56–58|date=January 1986|doi=10.1086/366958|jstor=269877}} First page displayable no charge.
4. ^Bryce (1986) page 58.

References

{{Cite book|last=Adiego|first=I. J.|others=Chris Markham (trans.)|contribution=Greek and Lycian|year=2007|title=A History of Ancient Greek From the Beginning to Late Antiquity|editor-last=Christidis|editor-first=A. F.|editor2-last=Arapopoulou|editor2-first=Maria|editor3-last=Chriti|editor3-first=Maria|publisher=Cambridge University press|isbn=0-521-83307-8|postscript=}}. Translator Chris Markham.
{{cite book|first=Trevor R.|last=Bryce|authorlink=Trevor R. Bryce

|title=The Lycians - Volume I: The Lycians in Literary and Epigraphic Sources|location=Copenhagen|publisher=Museum Tusculanum Press|year=1986|isbn=87-7289-023-1}}

Roger D. Woodard, 2007, The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor.

External links

{{cite web|last=Everson|first=Michael|authorlink=Michael Everson|title=N3019R2: Proposal to encode the Lycian and Lydian scripts in the SMP of the UCS|work=DKUUG Standardization|publisher=Danish Unix User Group (DKUUG)|date=2006-02-05|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3019.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2008-03-18}}

4 : Writing systems|Obsolete writing systems|Lycian language|Scripts encoded in Unicode 5.1

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The alphabet

Unicode

See also

Notes

References

External links