| 词条 | Lycogala epidendrum |
| 释义 |
| image = Lycogala epidendrum - Pink and brown slime molds.jpg | image_width = 250px | image_caption = Fruiting bodies of L. epidendrum | unranked_phylum = Amoebozoa | infraphylum = Mycetozoa | classis = Myxogastria | ordo = Liceales | familia = Tubiferaceae | genus = Lycogala | species = L. epidendrum | binomial = Lycogala epidendrum | binomial_authority = (L.) Fr., 1829 }} Lycogala epidendrum, commonly known as wolf's milk, groening's slime is a cosmopolitan species of myxogastrid amoeba which is often mistaken for a fungus. The aethalia, or fruiting bodies, occur either scattered or in groups on damp rotten wood, especially on large logs, from June to November. These aethalia are small, pink to brown cushion-like globs. They may excrete a pink paste if the outer wall is broken before maturity. When mature, the colour tends to become more brownish. When not fruiting, single celled individuals move about as very small, red amoeba-like organisms called plasmodia, masses of protoplasm that engulf bacteria, fungal and plant spores, protozoa, and particles of non-living organic matter through phagocytosis (see slime mould for more information). DescriptionDuring the plasmodial stage, individuals are reddish in colour, but these are almost never seen. When conditions change, the individuals aggregate by means of chemical signalling to form an aethalium, or fruiting body. These appear as small cushion-like blobs measuring about {{convert|3|-|15|mm}} in diameter. Colour is quite variable, ranging from pinkish grey to yellowish brown or greenish black, with mature individuals tending towards the darker end. They may be either round or somewhat compressed with a warted or rough texture. While immature they are filled with a pink, paste-like fluid. With maturity the fluid becomes a powdery mass of minute grey spores. The spores measure 6 to 7.5 µm and are round in shape with a netted texture and appearing ochre to lavender in colour. The pseudocapillitia, sterile elements in the spore mass, are long, flattened, branching tubes with transverse wrinkles and folds.[1] Natural products found in this speciesStaurosporine analogues:
Antimicrobal lactones: Chemically, these are polypropionate lactone glycosides. [4] Lycogalinoside A contains a 2-deoxy-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-(1-4)-6-deoxy-beta-D-gulopyranosyl unit. Lycogalinoside B contains a beta-D-olivopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-fucopyranosyl unit. TaxonomyThis species is classified in the family Tubiferaceae,[5] although it is accepted in the Reticulariaceae family by the Integrated Taxonomic Information System.[6] See also
References
1. ^{{Cite book| last=Lincoff| first=Gary H.| year=1981| title=National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms| page=848| publisher=Random House| location=New York| isbn=0-394-51992-2}} 2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Frode|display-authors=etal|first=R.|year=1994|title=Isolation and synthesis of 3,4-bis(Indol-3-Yl)pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid-derivatives from the slime-mold Lycogala epidendrum.|url=|journal=Tetrahedron Letters|volume=35|pages=1689–1690|via=|doi=10.1016/0040-4039(94)88320-3}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hosoya|display-authors=etal|first=T.|year=2005|title=New cytotoxic bisindole alkaloids with protein tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity from a myxomycete Lycogala epidendrum.|url=|journal=Bioorg Med Chem Lett|volume=15 |issue=11|pages=2776–2780|via=}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Řezanka|first1=Tomáš|last2=Dvořáková|first2=Radmila|title=Polypropionate lactones of deoxysugars glycosides from slime mold Lycogala epidendrum|journal=Phytochemistry|volume=63|issue=8|year=2003|pages=945–952|issn=00319422|doi=10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00214-0}} 5. ^The Global Biodiversity Information Facility: GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, 2013-07-01. Accessed via https://www.gbif.org/species/3213352 on 2013-11-10 6. ^Integrated Taxonomic Information System [Internet] 2013. [updated 2013 April; cited 2013 Nov 10] Available from: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=181336
External links{{Commons category|Lycogala epidendrum}}
1 : Myxogastria |
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