| 词条 | Léonie Adams |
| 释义 |
| name = Léonie Adams | image = Léonie Adams.jpg | birth_name = Léonie Fuller | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=y|1899|12|09}} | birth_place = Brooklyn, New York, USA | death_date = {{death date and age|mf=y|1988|06|27|1899|12|09}} | death_place = New Milford, Connecticut, USA | occupation = Poet | nationality = United States | alma_mater = Barnard College }}Léonie Fuller Adams (December 9, 1899 – June 27, 1988)[1] was an American poet. She was appointed the seventh Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1948.[2] BiographyAdams was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in an unusually strict environment. She was not allowed on the subway until she was eighteen, and even then her father accompanied her.[3] Her sister was the teacher and archaeologist Louise Holland and her brother-in-law the archaeologist Leicester Bodine Holland. She studied at Barnard College, where she was a contemporary and friend of roommate Margaret Mead. While still an undergraduate, she showed remarkable skill as a poet, and at this time her poems began to be published.[4] In 1924, she became the editor of The Measure. Her first volume of poetry, titled Those Not Elect, was in 1925. In the spring of 1928, she had a brief affair with Edmund Wilson. Adams apologized to Wilson for having "moped and quarreled" on the day she left for France.[5] While in London, Adams met H.D., who introduced her to several figures in the London literary scene; in Paris she was invited to tea by Gertrude Stein. At the beginning of 1929, when Wilson wrote to her that he was thinking of marrying another woman, Adams wrote back that she had had a pregnancy and hinted that she had had a miscarriage, mentioning the need for a visit to a London doctor in October.[6] Guilt over the pregnancy — both Wilson, and a former student, Judith Farr, reported that Adams had a gift for making others feel guilty — combined with his heavy drinking, and indecision in other elements of his personal life led Wilson to a nervous collapse. Louise Bogan later revealed to him that Léonie's pregnancy had been imaginary,[7] and this caused a temporary rift between Bogan and Adams. In 1929 appeared her volume High Falcon. During the 1930s, she lived in the Ramapo Mountains near Hillburn, New York, and commuted to New York City to lecture on Victorian poetry at New York University.[8] In 1930, she met writer and fellow New York University teacher William Troy. The two married in 1933. That same year she published This Measure. In 1935 she and her husband joined the faculty of Bennington College. She taught English at various other colleges and universities including Douglass College (then known as the New Jersey College for Women), the University of Washington, the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, Columbia University, and Sarah Lawrence College. The poets for whom Adams acted as a mentor included Louise Glück.[9] Fantasy writer, poet and editor Lin Carter attended her Poetry Workshop while studying at Columbia University.[10] Marcella Comès Winslow painted a portrait of Adams in 1947.[11] In 1950, she received an honorary doctorate from the New Jersey College for Women. Adams' Poems: A Selection won the 1954 Bollingen Prize. In a review of the book, Louise Bogan wrote: "Poems such as "Companions of the Morass," "For Harvest," "Grapes Making," and "The Runner with the Lots" spring from and are indications of a poetic endowment as deep as it is rare."[12] In 1955, in a brief autobiography written for a biographical dictionary of modern literature, Adams threw a little light on her religious and political views: "My father... made me a childhood agnostic — I am now a Roman Catholic.... I am a very liberal democrat."[13] In 1988, she died at the age of 88 in New Milford, Connecticut. Poetic styleSuperficially, Léonie Adams' style did not change greatly over her lifetime, but there was an initial shy wonder at the world that eventually became an intense and almost devotional lyricism. Her rich descriptions demonstrated great delicacy of perception and an exalted spirit. She bore comparison with Henry Vaughan and 17th century metaphysical poetry, especially in her near-religious ecstasy. In a mid-2000s critical commentary for the WOM-PO (Discussion of Women's Poetry) website, poet Annie Finch provided a more postmodern reading of Adams as "a lush, sensual poet who directed her sensuality not towards other people but primarily towards the materials of poetry, towards syntax and symbol, diction and word-sound, in short, towards the language itself," and went on to say that "Adams' poetry teases the balance between the incantatory and representational powers of poetic language. She uses the sounds of language as counterweights to her poems' ostensible meanings, complicating the act of reading and calling into question a reader's emotional responses."[14] Prizes and awards
Poetry collections
Edited and translated
Children's books
Anthologies
References1. ^{{cite book|title=Who Was Who in America, with World Notables, v. 10: 1989-1993|year=1993|publisher=Marquis Who's Who|location=New Providence, NJ|isbn=0837902207|page=3|chapter=Adams, Leonie}} 2. ^{{cite web | author= | title=Poet Laureate Timeline: 1953-1960 | url=https://www.loc.gov/poetry/laureate.html | publisher=Library of Congress | year=2008 | accessdate=December 19, 2008}} 3. ^{{cite book |editor-link=Louis Untermeyer |editor=Untermeyer, Louis |title=A Treasury of Great Poems |page=512}} 4. ^{{cite book |author=Lutkehaus, Nancy C. |chapter=Margaret Mead and the 'Rustling-of-the-Wind-in-the-Palm-Tress School' of Autographic Writing |editor1=Ruth Behar |editor-link=Ruth Behar |editor2=Deborah A Gordon |title=Women Writing Culture |publisher=University of California Press |year=1996 |page=189}} 5. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author=Dabney, Lewis M. |orig-year=1929 |title=A Turning Point |editor=Lewis M. Danbey |encyclopedia=Edmund Wilson: Centennial Reflections |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1997 |page=111 |isbn=0-691-01671-2}} 6. ^Dabney, op. cit. p. 112; see also {{cite news |author=Colin Walters |title=Edmund Wilson, One Hundred Years On |work=The Washington Times |date=November 16, 1997 |page=6}} 7. ^Dabney, op. cit. p. 119. 8. ^{{cite |author-link=Stanley Kunitz |author=Kunitz, Stanley |id=Entry from Tante |editor=Dilly Tante |title=Living Authors: A Book of Biographies |location=New York |publisher=H. W. Wilson |year=1935 |page=1}} 9. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author=Glück, Louise |title=The Education of the Poet |page=144 |editor=Eve Shelnutt |encyclopedia=The Confidence Woman: 26 Women Writers at Work |location=Marietta, GA |publisher=Longstreet Press |year=1991 |id=pp. 133-148}} 10. ^{{cite book |id=Contributor note on Lin Carter |editor=August Derleth |title=Fire, Sleet and Candlelight: New Poems of the Macabre |location=Sauk City, WI |publisher=Arkham House |year=1961 |page=228}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Léonie Adams|url=http://npgportraits.si.edu/eMuseumNPG/code/emuseum.asp?rawsearch=ObjectID/,/is/,/2111/,/false/,/false&newprofile=CAP&newstyle=single|work=CAP Search Results|publisher=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=January 8, 2013}} 12. ^{{cite book |author=Bogan, Louise |title=Selected Criticism: Prose, Poetry |location=New York |publisher=Noonday Press |year=1955 |page=380}} 13. ^{{cite encyclopedia |title=Adams, Léonie |editor1=Stanley Kunitz |editor2=Vineta Colby |encyclopedia=Twentieth Century Authors: A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Literature, First Supplement |location=New York |publisher=H. W. Wilson |year=1955 |page=4}} 14. ^{{cite web |author=Finch, Annie |url=http://usm.maine.edu/wompo/Leonie-Adams.html |title=Commentary on Leonie Adams, Foremothers Corner |work=WOM-PO |id=Discussion of Women's Poetry website |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060813034759/http://www.usm.maine.edu/wompo/Leonie-Adams.html |archivedate=August 13, 2006 }} External links{{Library resources box|onlinebooks=yes |by=yes |viaf=114359194 |label=Léonie Adams}}
15 : 1899 births|1988 deaths|American women poets|American Poets Laureate|Catholics from New York (state)|Barnard College alumni|Bennington College faculty|Bollingen Prize recipients|Converts to Roman Catholicism from atheism or agnosticism|Guggenheim Fellows|Poets from New York (state)|Sarah Lawrence College faculty|20th-century American poets|20th-century American women writers|Writers from Brooklyn |
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