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词条 M94 Group
释义

  1. Members

  2. Canes Venatici Cloud

  3. See also

  4. References

{{Galaxy cluster
| name = M94 Group
| image =
|caption = Messier 94, the brightest galaxy in the M94 Group.
| epoch=J2000
| ra =[1][2]
| dec=[1][2]
| constellation = Canes Venatici & Coma Berenices
| member_no = 16-24[1][2][7]
| brightest_member = M94,[2] M106,[1]
| other_names = NGC 4736 Group,[3] Canes Venatici I Group,[3]
Canes Venatici Cloud,[3]
LGG 291,[1] NOGG H 617,[2]
NOGG P1 636,[2] NOGG P2 647[2]}}

The M94 Group (Canes Venatici I Group) is a loose, extended group of galaxies located about 13 million light-years away[4] in the constellations Canes Venatici and Coma Berenices. The group is one of many groups that lies within the Virgo Supercluster (i.e. the Local Supercluster)[5] and one of the closest groups to the Local Group.

Although the galaxies in this cluster appear to be from a single large cloud-like structure, many of the galaxies within the group are only weakly gravitationally bound, and some have not yet formed stable orbits around the center of this group. Instead, most of the galaxies in this group appear to be moving with the expansion of the universe.[4][6]

Members

The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog,[7] the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog,[1] and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.[2]

{{clear}}
Members of the M94 Group
NameType[8]R.A. (J2000)[8]Dec. (J2000)[8]Redshift (km/s)[8]Apparent Magnitude[8]
IC 3687 IAB(s)m12|42|15.1}}+38|30|12}} 354 ± 1 13.7
IC 4182 SA(s)m13|05|49.5}}+37|36|18}} 321 ± 1 13.0
M94 (R)SA(r)ab12|50|53.0}}+41|07|14}} 308 ± 1 9.0
NGC 4144 SAB(s)cd12|09|58.6}}+46|27|26}} 265 ± 1 12.1
NGC 4190 Im pec12|13|44.8}}+36|38|03}} 228 ± 1 13.4
NGC 4214 IAB(s)m12|15|39.2}}+36|19|37}} 291 ± 3 10.2
NGC 4244 SA(s)cd12|17|29.6}}+37|48|26}} 244 10.9
NGC 4395 SA(s)m12|25|48.9}}+33|32|48}} 319 ± 1 10.6
NGC 4449 IBm12|28|11.9}}+44|05|40}} 207 ± 4 10.0
UGC 6817 Im11|50|53.0}}+38|52|49}} 242 ± 1 13.4
UGC 7559 IBm12|27|05.2}}+37|08|33}} 218 ± 5 14.2
UGC 7577 Im12|27|40.9}}+43|29|44}} 195 12.8
UGC 7698 Im12|32|54.4}}+31|32|28}} 331 ± 1 13.0
UGC 8320 IBm13|14|27.9}}+45|55|09}} 192 ± 1 12.7

Additionally, NGC 4105 and DDO 169 are frequently but not consistently identified as members of this group in the references cited above.

The brightest member in this galaxy group is questionable and partly depends on the analysis used to determine group members. The LGG Catalog identifies M106 as part of this group, which would make it the brightest galaxy within the group.[1] However, the other catalogs cited above do not identify M106 as a group member, in which case M94 would be the brightest galaxy within the group.[2][7]

Canes Venatici Cloud

This galaxy group is sometimes erroneously called the Canes Venatici Cloud, a larger structure of which it is a member. A galaxy cloud is a supercluster substructure. The CVn Cloud used in this manner is identified by Tully and de Vaucoleurs.

See also

  • M96 Group
  • Sculptor Group
  • Canes II Group (CVn II Group)
  • Canes Venatici Cloud

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal | author=A. Garcia | title=General study of group membership. II - Determination of nearby groups | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement | date=1993 | volume=100 | pages=47–90 | bibcode=1993A&AS..100...47G}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite journal |author1=G. Giuricin |author2=C. Marinoni |author3=L. Ceriani |author4=A. Pisani | title=Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=2000 | volume=543 | issue=1 | pages=178–194 | bibcode=2000ApJ...543..178G | doi=10.1086/317070|arxiv = astro-ph/0001140 }}
3. ^1 2 {{cite simbad | title=NAME CVn I Group | accessdate=2006-10-30}}
4. ^1 {{cite journal | author=I. D. Karachentsev | title=The Local Group and Other Neighboring Galaxy Groups | journal=Astronomical Journal | date=2005 | volume=129 | issue=1 | pages=178–188 | bibcode=2005AJ....129..178K | doi=10.1086/426368|arxiv = astro-ph/0410065 }}
5. ^{{cite journal | author= R. B. Tully | title=The Local Supercluster | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=1982 | volume=257 | pages=389–422 | bibcode=1982ApJ...257..389T | doi=10.1086/159999}}
6. ^{{cite journal |author1=I. D. Karachentsev |author2=M. E. Sharina |author3=A. E. Dolphin |author4=E. K. Grebel |author5=D. Geisler |author6=P. Guhathakurta |author7=P. W. Hodge |author8=V. E. Karachentseva |author9=A. Sarajedini |author10=P. Seitzer | title=Galaxy flow in the Canes Venatici I cloud | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | date=2003 | volume=398 | issue=2 | pages=467–477 | bibcode=2003A&A...398..467K | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20021598|arxiv = astro-ph/0210414 }}
7. ^1 2 {{cite book | author=R. B. Tully | date=1988 | title=Nearby Galaxies Catalog | edition= | publisher=Cambridge University Press | location=Cambridge | isbn=0-521-35299-1}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database | work=Results for various galaxies | url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/ | accessdate=2006-11-06}}

5 : Galaxy clusters|M94 Group|Virgo Supercluster|Canes Venatici|Coma Berenices (constellation)
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