| 词条 | Macrovipera schweizeri |
| 释义 |
| image = Benny Trapp Macrovipera schweizeri.jpg | status = EN | status_system = IUCN3.1 | genus = Macrovipera | species = schweizeri | authority = (F. Werner, 1935) | range_map = Macrovipera schweizeri distribution.png | synonyms = *[Vipera lebetina] schweizeri {{small|F. Werner, 1935}}
| synonyms_ref = [1] }} Common names: Milos viper,[2] Cyclades blunt-nosed viper.[3]Macrovipera schweizeri is a venomous viper species found in Greece on the islands of the Cyclades Archipelago in the Aegean sea. No subspecies are currently recognized.[4] EtymologyThe specific name, schweizeri, is in honor of German herpetologist Hans Schweizer (1891–1975).[5] DescriptionM. schweizeri grows to an average total length (including tail) of {{convert|50|–|70|cm|in|abbr=on}}, with a maximum of {{convert|98.5|cm|in|abbr=on}}.[2]Geographic rangeM. schweizeri is found on the Greek islands of the Cyclades Archipelago in the Aegean Sea: Milos and the three smaller, adjacent islands of Siphnos, Kimolos and Poliaigos.[1][2] The type locality is given as "Insel Milos ".[1]Conservation statusThis species, M. schweizeri, is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species with the following criteria: B1ab(iii,v) (v3.1, 2001).[6] This indicates that the extent of its occurrence within its geographic range is estimated to be less than 5,000 km² (1,930 sq mi), that its populations are severely fragmented or known to exist at no more than five locations. Furthermore, a continuing decline is observed, inferred or projected in the area, extent and/or quality of habitat, as well as the number of mature individuals.[7] So listed because its extent of occurrence is, in fact, not much greater than 100 km² (39 sq mi) -- it is known from only four small islands. There is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat, and it is experiencing a decline in the number of mature individuals due to persecution and over-collecting. Year assessed: 2005.[6] It is also listed as strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention.[8] VenomIt is narrated by G.A. Boulenger in his book The Snakes of Europe that "Dr. de Bedriaga observed this much dreaded snake, the bite of which is probably as bad as that of its Indian ally, the Daboia, Vipera russelli ". It is probable that the snake he assumed was Macrovipera lebetina is in fact the Milos Viper. See also
References1. ^1 2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré TA (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. {{ISBN|1-893777-00-6}} (series). {{ISBN|1-893777-01-4}} (volume). 2. ^1 2 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G (2003). True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Company. 359 pp. {{ISBN|0-89464-877-2}}. 3. ^Steward JW (1971). The Snakes of Europe. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Press (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press). 238 pp. LCCCN 77-163307. {{ISBN|0-8386-1023-4}}. 4. ^{{ITIS |id=634979 |taxon=Macrovipera schweizeri |accessdate=9 August 2006}} 5. ^Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (Macrovipera schweizeri, p. 239). 6. ^1 {{Redlist species|no=12654|genus=Macrovipera|species=schweizeri|date=2 September|year=2007}} 7. ^{{Redlist CC2001|date=2 September|year=2007}} 8. ^Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix II at Council of Europe. Accessed 9 October 2006. Further reading
External links{{Commons category|Macrovipera schweizeri}}
2 : Viperinae|Reptiles described in 1935 |
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