| 词条 | Magpie duck |
| 释义 |
}}{{infobox poultry breed | name = | image = File:Magpie (duck) drake 2011-08-24 001.jpg | image_size = | alt = | image_caption = Head of a drake | status = FAO (2007): critical{{r|barb|page=124}} | altname = | country = United Kingdom | distribution = | standard = | use = | nickname = | apa = light duck{{r|apa}} | aba = | ee = yes{{r|ee}} | pcgb = light{{r|pcgb}} | maleweight = | femaleweight = | skincolour = | eggcolour = | note = | type = Duck | latin = Anas platyrhynchos }} The Magpie is a British breed of domestic duck.{{r|pcgb2|roberts|chris|}} It has distinctive black and white markings reminiscent of the European magpie, and is a good layer of large eggs.{{r|dave|page=46}} HistoryThe Magpie was bred after the end of the First World War by M.C. Gower-Williams in Wales and Oliver Drake in Yorkshire.{{r|rbst|pcgb2}} The ancestry of the breed is not known; it may have included the Indian Runner, possibly with some influence of the Huttegem of Belgium. The Magpie is first documented in 1920; a breeders' club was formed in 1926.{{r|chris}} At that time, two colour varieties were recognised, black-and-white and blue-and-white. The black-and-white remained the only colour recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain until 1997, when blue-and-white and dun-and-white were recognised. The Altrheiner Elsterenten, a duck with same plumage pattern as the Magpie, was bred in Germany in the 1970s by Paul-Erwin Oswald.{{r|pcgb}} The Entente Européenne treats it as the same breed.{{r|ee}} The Magpie was exported to the United States in 1963,{{r|carol|page=193|albc}} but was not widely kept. It was admitted to the American Standard of Perfection in 1977.{{r|dave|page=58}} CharacteristicsNamed for its distinctive black and white plumage, reminiscent of the colouration of the European magpie, the typical example of the breed is predominantly white with two large black areas on the back and top of the head. As the bird ages the black cap will normally begin to be flecked with white and may eventually become completely white.[1] Blue, silver and chocolate which is very rare, are also colour varieties that Magpies can come in. However, blue is the only other variety besides black that is recognised by the American Poultry Association.[1] Similar in shape to the Khaki Campbell, but more substantial, the Magpie is moderately streamlined with a somewhat upright carriage that suggests Indian Runner duck in its ancestral bloodline. The bill is yellow or orange, but turns green in older birds. The legs and feet are orange but may be mottled. The chest is rounded and the neck moderately long.[1] Males have, when fully feathered, curled feathers on the tail. Females have, when fully feathered, straight feathers on the tail. Males weigh around {{convert|2.7|kg|lb|abbr=on}} on average, and females around {{convert|2.5|kg|lb|frac=2|abbr=on}}, although the American standard specifies {{convert|1|lb|kg}} lower for each.[1] They lay between 220–290 large white eggs annually. They are a hardy variety, active foragers, and live for approximately 9 to 12 years. See also
References1. ^Carol Ekarius (2007). [https://archive.org/stream/Storeys_Illustrated_Guide_to_Poultry_Breeds_Complete/Storey%27s%20Illustrated%20Guide%20to%20Poultry%20Breeds%20Complete#page/n193/mode/1up/ Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds]. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing. {{isbn|9781580176675}}. . Accessed January 2017.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^Chris Ashton, Mike Ashton (2001). [https://books.google.it/books?id=asIoCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT186 The Domestic Duck]. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press. {{ISBN|9781847979704}}. 3. ^1 2 3 4 Dave Holderread (2011). [https://books.google.it/books?id=sB6g95tyzg4C Storey's Guide to Raising Ducks], second edition. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing. {{ISBN|9781603427456}}. 4. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616062803/http://www.entente-ee.com/deutsch/sparten/gefluegel/dateien/2013/Verzeichnis%20R%20F%2028042013.xls Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013)]. Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013. 5. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20170630132859/http://www.poultryclub.org/img/Breed%20Classification.pdf Breed Classification]. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 30 June 2017. 6. ^Breed Gallery: Ducks. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Accessed October 2018. 7. ^[https://www.rbst.org.uk/magpie Magpie]. Rare Breeds Survival Trust. Accessed October 2018. 8. ^Victoria Roberts (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=nAfyUHY42u0C British poultry standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain]. Oxford: Blackwell. {{ISBN|9781405156424}}. }}{{Commons category|Magpie Duck}}{{British livestock|R.4}} 3 : Duck breeds|Duck breeds originating in Wales|Animal breeds on the RBST Watchlist |
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