| 词条 | Main Street Bridge (Columbus, Ohio) |
| 释义 |
|bridge_name = Main Street Bridge |image = Main Street Bridge Columbus 2018a.jpg |caption = The bridge in 2018 |official_name = Main Street Bridge |carries = three one-way general purpose lanes, one pedestrian |crosses = Scioto River |locale = Columbus, Ohio |maint = Ohio Department of Transportation |id = 2503220 |design = inclined arch |mainspan = 400 feet (122 m) |length = 700 feet (215 m) |width = ~65 feet (20 m) |height = |load = |clearance = |below = |traffic = |begin = 2006 |complete = July 2010 |open = July 30, 2010 |closed = |toll = |coordinates = {{coord|39.956051|-83.006596|region:US-OH|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |map_type = USA Ohio }} The Main Street Bridge in Columbus, Ohio is a {{convert|700|ft|m|abbr=on}}, three-span, inclined tied arch bridge over the Scioto River. The bridge is the first in North America and the fifth in the world to use an inclined single-rib-tied arch superstructure.[1][2] The final cost for the bridge was $60.1 million.[3] HistoryThe original Main Street bridge was a multiple-span, art-deco open-spandrel concrete deck arch bridge, built in 1937. After years of degradation due to weather and traffic, the bridge was deemed unfit for use and closed in 2002.[2] Wanting an iconic structure to replace the old bridge, the city of Columbus contracted Dr. Spiro Pollalis, professor of design technology and management at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design to design the bridge. His design, altered slightly for budget reasons, opened for traffic on July 30, 2010.[3] When the former bridge closed, engineers estimated that a replacement would cost approximately $19.5 million. However, by 2004, estimates climbed $29.5 million. When planners received construction bids in 2006, the lowest was $44.1 million. Cost overruns, design changes and inspections added another $10 million to the structure's final cost.[4] {{clear|left}}DesignArchThe original concept of the Main Street bridge was far more complex and costly than the final design. Initially, the bridge called for a very shallow 10:1 span-to-rise ratio for the main arch, creating significant axial and bending forces. To accommodate the excess forces, the design called for expensive, high-strength concrete and steel to support the bridge. Because of the high cost of materials and construction of such a span, the design of the arch was revised to a 6.6:1 span-to-rise ratio, making the main arch taller and decreasing its length from {{convert|480|ft|m|abbr=on}} to {{convert|400|ft|m|abbr=on}}. This design change was expected to allow for cheaper materials and save over {{convert|60000|lb|kg}} of steel while keeping the ten-degree incline that makes the bridge unique.[5] Bridge deckThe bridge surface is composed of two separate decks, a {{convert|35|ft|m|abbr=on}} wide vehicular deck carrying two lanes of eastbound traffic, one lane of westbound traffic, and a {{convert|18|ft|m|abbr=on}} wide pedestrian deck on the opposite side of the arch from the vehicular deck and slightly elevated.[2] While the redesign of the original concept altered the deck supports, the actual construction of the decks changed only slightly to accommodate the new design.[5] L-strutsThe Main Street bridge also calls for thirteen L-struts, which would attach the arch to the bridge deck. Their original design used tapering geometries which were different for each strut. Creating, designing and testing thirteen distinct struts would have been cost-prohibitive, so engineers simplified the designs to reduce costs. While the aesthetics of the original design changed because of the more uniform strut design, they are similarly appealing and reduce the components' weight by over {{convert|400000|lb|kg|abbr=on}}.[5] PiersThe final redesign of the Main street bridge was of the piers. The original design called for two 'V-piers', formed by the convergence of the main arch and the secondary arches on either side. This design proved to be nearly impossible to make structurally sound forcing engineers to simplify the piers. To do so they created a 'crescent pier' shape, which removes the two smaller arches on either end and creates a larger pier to provide better support.[5] Further reading{{Commons cat|Main Street Bridge (Columbus, Ohio)}}
References1. ^{{cite web|last1=McConnell|first1=Mollie|title=Main Street bridge’s arch makes it unique|url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2014/01/05/main-street-bridges-arch-makes-it-unique.html|website=The Columbus Dispatch|publisher=The Dispatch Printing Company|accessdate=14 December 2014}} {{Crossings navbox2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://downtowncolumbus.com/home/moving-forward/main-street-bridge| title=Main Street Bridge| accessdate=2012-05-01 |work=DowntownColumbus.com}} 3. ^1 {{cite news| url=http://www.dispatch.com/live/content/local_news/stories/2010/07/30/main-street-bridge-to-open.html?sid=101|title=Main Street bridge opened to traffic| accessdate=2012-05-01 |work=The Columbus Dispatch| publisher=dispatch.com| date=30 July 2010}} 4. ^{{cite news| title=NBC 4 Digs Into Over-Budget Main Street Bridge| url=http://www2.nbc4i.com/news/2009/may/20/nbc_4_digs_into_over-budget_main_street_bridge-ar-13643/| publisher=nbc4i| work=WCMH-TV |date=20 May 2009| accessdate=2012-05-01}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.genesisstructures.com/papers/TRB_Paper_Main%20Street_ver4.PDF |title=The Main Street Bridge Replacement |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328034519id_/http://www.genesisstructures.com/papers/TRB_Paper_Main%20Street_ver4.PDF |archive-date=2012-03-28 |date=2007-11-13 |publisher=Genesis Structures, Inc.}} |structure = Crossings |place = Scioto River |bridge = Main Street Bridge |bridge signs = |upstream = Rich Street Bridge |upstream signs = |downstream = Lower Scioto Rail Bridge |downstream signs = }} 9 : Bridges completed in 2010|Buildings and structures in Columbus, Ohio|Concrete bridges in the United States|Downtown Columbus, Ohio|Open-spandrel deck arch bridges in the United States|Road bridges in Ohio|Steel bridges in the United States|Tied arch bridges in the United States|Transportation buildings and structures in Franklin County, Ohio |
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