| 词条 | Abdul Ahad Mohmand |
| 释义 |
| name = Abdul Ahad Mohmand | image = | image_size = 150px | type = Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut | nationality = Afghan 1959–2003 German 2003–Present | status = Retired | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1959|1|1|mf=yes}} | birth_place = Sardah, Afghanistan | occupation = Pilot | alma_mater = Kabul University | rank = Colonel | selection = 1988 | space_time = 8d 20h 26min | missions = Mir EP-3 (Soyuz TM-6/Soyuz TM-5) | insignia = }} Abdul Ahad Mohmand ({{Lang-ps|عبدالاحد مومند}}; born January 1, 1959) is a former Afghan Air Force aviator who became the first Afghan and fourth Muslim to journey to outer space. He became one of Soyuz TM-6 crew members and spent nine days aboard the Mir space station in 1988 as an Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut.[1] He holds many records as an Afghan Astronaut. During this mission, Abdul Ahad Mohmand was the first cosmonaut to speak the Pashto language after he made a telephone call to Afghanistan, making it the fourth language to be officially spoken in space. He became the first Afghan citizen and the fourth Muslim to visit outer space, after Sultan bin Salman Al Saud, Muhammed Faris, and Musa Manarov. Mohmand is also believed to be the first Muslim who took the Qur'an to space.{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} BiographyMohmand was born on[2] 1959 in Sardah, in the Ghazni Province of Afghanistan. He belongs to the Mohmand tribe of the Pushtun ethnic group. Mohmand graduated from the Polytechnical University of Kabul and then from the Air Force Academy. He served in the Afghan Air Force (AAF) and later trained in the Soviet Union as a pilot and a professional astronaut.[3] Along with Commander Vladimir Lyakhov and Flight Engineer Valery Polyakov, Mohmand was part of the Soyuz TM-6 three-man crew, which launched at 04:23 GMT August 29, 1988. Momand's inclusion in the mission was a significant symbol during the Soviet–Afghan War. During his nine days stay on the Mir space station, Momand took photographs of his country, participated in astrophysical, medical and biological experiments. He also spoke to Afghanistan’s president, Mohammed Najibullah, and brewed Afghan tea for the crew. Lyakhov and Mohmand returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TM-5. The September 6 planned landing of Soyuz TM-5 was delayed because of mechanical complications on the Mir. Radio Moscow reassured listeners that Lyakhov and Mohmand were fine and in touch with Mission Control. A recording was played of them laughing. A day later, the retro-fire was successful, and at 00:50 GMT Soyuz TM-5 landed near Dzhezkazgan. During touchdown there was no live radio coverage, only live television pictures of Mission Control. Mohmand was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on September 7, 1988.[4] During his flight to space, his mother was extremely distraught over the safety of her son. Afghan President Mohammad Najibullah called Momand's mother into the President's office and arranged an audio/video conference between Mohmand and her. By this event, Pushto became the 5th language spoken in space.{{Citation needed|date={{currentmonthname}} {{currentyear}}}} On his return he was made Deputy Civil Aviation Minister, but was a short posting due to the failure of Soviet forces against the Mujahideen take over. Following the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan, Mohmand decided to emigrate to Germany in 1992 and applied for asylum there, becoming a German citizen in 2003.[5] He worked in printing services and now as an accountant residing in Ostfildern near Stuttgart.[5] See also
References1. ^Abdul Ahad Momand – The First Afghan in Space (August 29 to September 6, 1988) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028135836/http://www.afghan-network.net/Culture/afghanastronaut.htm |date=October 28, 2004}} 2. ^1 January - majority of Afghans have this date of birth, i.e. they simply do not know more specific date and wrire 01/01/year 3. ^First Afghan In Space – Abdul Ahad Momand 4. ^{{ru icon}}Biography at the website on Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia 5. ^1 {{cite news|title=Mister Universum |first=Birk |last=Meinhardt |newspaper=Süddeutsche Zeitung |location=Munich |date=1{{ndash}}2 April 2010 |page=3 |language=German |quote=Er ist der einzige Afghane, der je ins All fliegen durfte. Von dort sah Abdulahad [sic] Momand die Erde und war sehr stolz um sie. Zurück auf dem Boden aber mußte er aus seiner Heimat fliehen – und sich durch die deutsche Welt kämpfen.}} External links
11 : Afghan cosmonauts|Muslim cosmonauts|Afghan emigrants to Germany|Recipients of the Order of Lenin|Foreign Heroes of the Soviet Union|Naturalized citizens of Germany|Pashtun people|1959 births|Living people|Afghan military personnel|Afghan government officials |
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