| 词条 | Malayan night heron |
| 释义 |
| name = Malayan night heron | image=Malayan Night-Heron - Taiwan_S4E8695 (17320173361).jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Gorsachius | species = melanolophus | authority = (Raffles, 1822) | range_map = Gorsachius melanolophus map.svg | range_map_caption = Range of G. melanolophus {{leftlegend|yellow|Breeding range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|green|Resident range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|blue|Wintering range|outline=gray}} }} The Malayan night heron (Gorsachius melanolophus), also known as Malaysian night heron and tiger bittern,[2] is a medium-sized heron. It is distributed in southern and eastern Asia. Distribution and habitatThe Malayan night heron has been found in India, Sri Lanka, Brunei, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Japan. It is a vagrant in Christmas Island and Palau.[1] Its range size is estimated at 1,240,000 km2.[1] This bird occurs in forests, streams, and marshes.[5] DescriptionThe Malayan night heron is about {{convert|48|cm|abbr=on}} long.[6] The wingspan is about {{convert|86|cm|abbr=on}}.[7] It is stocky, with a short beak. Its neck and breast are rufous. There are streaks going down the centre of the neck to the breast.[6] The upperparts are chestnut and vermiculated. The flight feathers are blackish.[3] The crown is black, the chin is white, and the eyes are yellow.[4] The beak is black and the legs are greenish.[5] The juvenile is greyish to rufous and is spotted and vermiculated.[6] BiologyThe Malayan night heron is usually solitary. It roosts in trees and feeds in open areas.[3] Its territorial call is deep oo notes.[3] It also produces hoarse croaks and arh, arh, arh.[4] The most common food items are earthworms and frogs, and it will sometimes eat fish.[7] A study of its pellets found reptiles, snails, chilopods, arachnids, crabs and insects.[8] ConservationThe bird has a large range and its global population is between 2,000 and 20,000 individuals. Its population trend is not known, but it does not meet the criteria for a vulnerable species status.[1] == References == 1. ^1 2 3 {{IUCN|id=22697242 |title=Gorsachius melanolophus |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Malayan Night-Heron|url=http://www.birdingintaiwan.com/malayannightheron.htm|website=Birding in Taiwan|accessdate=31 July 2016}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last1=Jeyarajasingam|first1=Allen|last2=Pearson|first2=Alan|title=A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-1996-3942-7|page=99|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XCwUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA99}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|last1=MacKinnon|first1=John|last2=Phillipps|first2=Karen|title=A Field Guide to the Birds of China|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=236|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaXi-P-heDQC&pg=PA236|isbn=978-0-1985-4940-6}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Kennedy|first1=Robert|title=A Guide to the Birds of the Philippines|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-1985-4668-9|page=31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fPDxk551AhkC&pg=PA31}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Grimmett|first1=Richard|last2=Inskipp|first2=Carol|last3=Inskipp|first3=Tim|title=Birds of the Indian Subcontinent|date=2013|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=978-1-4081-6264-4|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kMwXBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA82}} 7. ^Chang, C. (2000). Malayan Night Heron Gorsachius melanolophus breeding in immature plumage. Forktail 16 167-8. Downloaded on 26 August 2010. 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kawakami|first1=Kazuto|last2=Fujita|first2=Masaki|last3=Hasegawa|first3=Motohiro|last4=Makahira|first4=Hiroshi|title=Dietary characteristics of the Malayan Night Heron (Gorsachius melanolophus) in the Yaeyama Islands, southern Japan|journal=Chinese Birds|date=2011|volume=2|issue=2|pages=87–93|url=http://www.chinesebirds.net/EN/abstract/abstract75.shtml|doi=10.5122/cbirds.2011.0015}} External links
6 : Gorsachius|Birds of Northeast India|Birds of South India|Birds of Southeast Asia|Birds described in 1822|Birds of Nepal |
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