| 词条 | Manduca blackburni |
| 释义 |
| image = Starr 061116-9941 Nicotiana glauca.jpg | image2 = Starr 061214-2500 Nicotiana glauca.jpg | status_system = ESA | status = LE | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Manduca blackburni | authority = (Butler, 1880)[2] | synonyms =
}} Manduca blackburni, the Hawaiian tomato hornworm, Hawaiian tobacco hornworm or Blackburn's sphinx moth, is a moth in the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1880. It is endemic to Hawaii. Previously known from all of the main islands, this rare moth is now limited to Maui, the Big Island, and Kaho{{okina}}olawe.[3] It is found in coastal mesic and dry forests at elevations from sea level {{convert|5000|ft|m|abbr=on}}. Manduca blackburni is closely related to the tomato hornworm (M. quinquemaculata), which it also physically resembles. It was listed as an endangered species by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 2000, making it the first Hawaiian insect to receive such a status.[1][4]Larvae feed on plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae, especially native {{okina}}aiea (Nothocestrum spp.), but also non-native tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), tree tobacco (N. glauca), jimson weed (Datura stramonium), and eggplant (Solanum melongena). The adult feeds on nectar from native plants such as koali {{okina}}awa (Ipomoea indica) and maiapilo (Capparis sandwichiana).[5]References1. ^1 {{cite press release |url=http://www.fws.gov/pacific/news/2000/2000-18.htm |title=Blackburn’s Sphinx Moth First Hawaiian Insect Added to Endangered Species List |publisher=United States Fish and Wildlife Service |date=2000-02-01}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cate-sphingidae.org/taxonomy/Manduca/blackburni.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114145711/http://www.cate-sphingidae.org/taxonomy/Manduca/blackburni.html|archivedate=2012-11-14|deadurl=yes|title=CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience - Sphingidae |publisher=Cate-sphingidae.org |accessdate=2011-11-01}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.xerces.org/blackburns-sphinx-moth/ |first=Scott Hoffman |last=Black |title=Moths: Blackburn’s sphinx moth (Manduca blackburni) |publisher=The Xerces Society |accessdate=2010-06-24}} 4. ^{{cite paper |url=http://www.xerces.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/blackburns_sphinx_moth_recovery_plan_2003.pdf |first=Mike |last=Richardson |author2=Dave Hopper |title=Draft Recovery Plan for the Blackburn's Sphinx Moth |publisher=United States Fish and Wildlife Service |format=PDF |date=October 2003 |accessdate=2009-03-12}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.state.hi.us/dlnr/dofaw/cwcs/files/Blackburn%27s_Sphinx_Moth.pdf |title=Blackburn’s Sphinx Moth |work=Terrestrial Insects |publisher=State of Hawaiʻi |format=PDF |date=2005-02-04 |accessdate=2009-03-12}} External links
5 : Manduca|Moths described in 1880|Endemic moths of Hawaii|Endangered fauna of the United States|ESA endangered species |
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