| 词条 | Mansur Shah of Malacca |
| 释义 |
| name = Mansur Shah | title = 6th Sultan of Malacca | image = | caption = | reign = Malacca Sultanate: 1459–1477 | coronation = | full name = | predecessor = Muzaffar Shah | successor = Alauddin Riayat Shah | spouse = Hang Li Po and others | issue = Alauddin Riayat Shah Ahmad Shah I Muhammad Shah | royal house = | dynasty = | father = Muzaffar Shah | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = 1477 | death_place = | date of burial = | place of burial = | religion = Sunni Islam }} Sultan Mansur Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah (died 1477) was the sixth Sultan of Malacca. He ruled Malacca from 1459 to 1477. He ascended the throne after the death of his father, Muzaffar Shah.[1]{{rp|246}} Expansions of Malaccan EmpireMansur Shah implemented a policy of expansionism during his rule. Many territories in Peninsular Malaysia and eastern Sumatra and the surrounding islands were under the control of Malacca during his rule such as Selangor, Bernam, Kampar, Siak, Manjung, Rupat, Singapore, and Bintan.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Mansur Shah also ordered the attack of Pahang by Tun Perak, the Bendahara of Malacca, to secure the defense of Malacca on the east coast. Siantan and Inderagiri in Sumatra were also given to Malacca as dowry for his marriage to the princess of Majapahit.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Marriage alliancesMansur Shah also used marriage alliances between princesses of Malacca and the rulers of conquered states to strengthen Malacca’s control over those states, such as marriage between the king of Siak to Mansur Shah's daughter, Princess Mahadewi. Such alliances was a factor in Islam's expansion in maritime Southeast Asia. According to historian Tomé Pires Princess Hang Li Po, daughter of Ming Dynasty Emperor Yongle (1403-1424).{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} is sent over with her big entourage to marry Sultan Mansur Shah. Princess Hang Li Po remain a mystery and myth because there isn't any record in the Ming Dynasty with the surname of Hang and a princess named Li Po. Emperor Yongle have only 5 princess, Princess Yong'an (永安公主; 1377 – 1417), Princess Ancheng (安成公主; 1384 – 1443), Princess Yongping (永平公主; 1379 – 1444), Princess Xianning (咸寧公主; 1385 – 1440) and Princess Changning (常寧公主; 1387 – 1408). When Sultan Mansur in reigning power, at that time, the Emperor of MIng Dynasty is Emperor Yingzong (1457–1464) instead of Emperor Yongle. Princesses of conquered states were also married to sons of Malaccan ministers, such as Princess Wanang Seri of Pahang and Raden Galoh Candra Kirana, were married to sons of ministers like Tun Putih Nur Pualam.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Mansur Shah also married foreign concubines such as daughters of merchants from India and Pasai to strengthen trade relationships. These princesses were also converted to Islam. Following the lead of the sultan, others married foreigners as well making foreign marriage customs a not uncommon sight in Malacca.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Economic policyMansur Shah reduced taxes on trade items during his reign, which increased the interest of merchants in trading through Malacca. A preferential tariff system was introduced whereby a 6% tax was levied on the trade of merchants from west of Malacca, such as Arabia and India, and a 3% tax was levied on the trade of merchants’ from Maritime Southeast Asia. Merchants from China, Japan and Java were not taxed at all.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Another economic advantage of Malacca was the easy access to labourers.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} Relations with Ottoman EmpireAfter the conquest of Constantinople 1453, Sultan Muhammad Al Fateh sent the Ottoman delegations to Malacca and recognized the Sultanate of Malacca as the region power of Nusantara and Sultan Mansur Shah recognized as the Ottoman representative ruler in Nusantara. Sultan Mansur Shah also known as "Mansur Pasha" as the Sultan Malacca was Caliph's representative in South East Asia Spread of IslamMansur Shah, who had an interest in Islam, encouraged scholarship in Islamic theological studies, and studied tasawuf himself. He studied under Maulana Abu Bakar, who brought the Ab Darul Manzum scriptures to Malacca. He ordered the translation of the scripture to Malay by Makhdum Patakan. Mansur Shah referred to scholars from Pasai on religious issues due to their expertise.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} References1. ^{{Cite book | last = Cœdès | first = George | authorlink = Georges Coedès | title = The Indianized states of Southeast Asia | publisher = University of Hawaii Press | year = 1968 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=iDyJBFTdiwoC | isbn =9780824803681 }} {{S-start}}{{S-hou|House of Malacca||||1477}}{{S-reg|}}{{S-bef|before=Muzaffar Shah}}{{S-ttl|title=Sultan of Malacca|years=1456–1477}}{{S-aft|after=Alauddin Riayat Shah}}{{end}}{{Malaysia-royal-stub}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mansur Shah Of Malacca}} 4 : 1477 deaths|Sultans of Malacca|History of Malacca|15th-century monarchs in Asia |
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