| 词条 | Mantellisaurus |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = Early Cretaceous, Aptian {{fossilrange|125}} | image = Isle of Wight Mantellisaurus.jpg | image_caption = Holotype skeleton, Natural History Museum, London | display_parents = 2 | genus = Mantellisaurus | parent_authority = Paul, 2007 | species = atherfieldensis | authority = Hooley, 1925 | synonyms =
}} Mantellisaurus is a genus of iguanodontian dinosaur that lived in the Barremian and early Aptian ages of the Early Cretaceous Period of Europe. Its remains are known from Belgium (Bernissart), England and possibly Germany. The type and only species is M. atherfieldensis. Formerly known as Iguanodon atherfieldensis, the new genus Mantellisaurus was erected for the species by Gregory Paul in 2007. According to Paul, Mantellisaurus was more lightly built than Iguanodon and more closely related to Ouranosaurus, making Iguanodon in its traditional sense paraphyletic. It is known from many complete and almost complete skeletons. The genus name honours Gideon Mantell, the discoverer of Iguanodon. DescriptionMantellisaurus was a lightly constructed iguanodont. Compared to Iguanodon bernissartensis, Mantellisaurus was smaller, estimated at {{convert|750|kg|lbs}} in weight. Its forelimbs were proportionally shorter than those of I. bernissartensis. In Mantellisaurus the forelimbs were about half the length of the hindlimbs whereas they were about 70 percent the length of the hindlimbs in I. bernissartensis. Due to the short length of its forelimbs and the shortness of its body, Paul proposed that it was primarily bipedal, only going on all fours when standing still or moving slowly.[1]DiscoveryThe holotype fossil, NHMUK R5764, was originally discovered by Reginald Walter Hooley in 1914 in the upper Vectis Formation of southern England and reported upon in 1917. He posthumously named it Iguanodon atherfieldensis in 1925. Atherfield is the name of a village on the southwest shore of the Isle of Wight where the fossil was found. Synonyms include Dollodon and possibly Proplanicoxa.[2] Specimen IRSNB 1551Specimen IRSNB 1551 from the Sainte-Barbe Clays, Belgium, became the second mounted skeleton of a non-avian dinosaur made primarily out of actual bone when put on display by Louis Dollo in 1884. This specimen was originally assigned to Iguanodon mantelli by George Albert Boulenger in 1881, but was in 1986 thought to pertain to Iguanodon atherfieldensis by David Bruce Norman. The specimen was assigned to its own genus and species, Dollodon bampingi, by Gregory S. Paul in 2008. The genus was named after Dollo, who first described the remains, and the specific name was in honour of popular science writer Daniel Bamping, who assisted Paul in his investigations. Paul noted several differences between the Mantellisaurus type (NHMUK R5764) and IRSNB 1551. The Mantellisaurus type had proportionally shorter forelimbs with a larger pelvis and he argued it was probably more bipedal, whereas IRSNB 1551 was more likely to be quadrupedal. Paul also noted that the snout and trunk of IRSNB 1551 were proportionally longer than the Mantellisaurus type specimen.[1] The validity of Dollodon has since been disputed. In 2010, Kenneth Carpenter and Yusuke Ishida synonymized Dollodon bampingi with Iguanodon seelyi, a species based on BMNH R 28685 from Wessex Formation, England.[3] Likewise, David B. Norman and Andrew McDonald do not consider Dollodon a valid genus or species and instead include it with Mantellisaurus.[4][5][6] ClassificationThe cladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012.[7] {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:80%|label1=Styracosterna |1={{clade |1=Uteodon aphanoecetes |3={{clade |1={{clade |1=Hippodraco scutodens |2=Theiophytalia kerri }} |2={{clade |1=Iguanacolossus fortis |2={{clade |1=Lanzhousaurus magnidens |2={{clade |1=Kukufeldia tilgatensis |2={{clade |1=Barilium dawsoni |label2=Hadrosauriformes |2={{clade |1=Iguanodon bernissartensis |label2=Hadrosauroidea |2={{clade |1=Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis |2=Other hadrosauroids }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} References1. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Paul |first=Gregory S. |year=2008 |title=A revised taxonomy of the iguanodont dinosaur genera and species |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=192–216 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2007.04.009}} 2. ^{{cite journal |last=McDonald |first=Andrew T. |year=2012 |title=The status of Dollodon and other basal iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the upper Wealden beds (Lower Cretaceous) of Europe |journal=Cretaceous Research |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2011.03.002 |volume=33 |pages=1–6}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|doi=10.5209/rev_JIGE.2010.v36.n2.3 |author1=Carpenter, K. |author2=Ishida, Y. |lastauthoramp=yes |year=2010 |url=http://www.ucm.es/info/estratig/JIG/vol_content/vol_36_2/36_2_145_164_Carpenter.pdf |title=Early and "Middle" Cretaceous Iguanodonts in Time and Space |journal=Journal of Iberian Geology |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=145–164 }}{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 4. ^{{cite journal |last=Norman |first=David. |year=2010 |title=A taxonomy of iguanodontian (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the lower Wealden Group (Cretaceous: Valanginian) of southern England | url = http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02489p066f.pdf |journal=Zootaxa |volume=2489 |pages=47–66}} 5. ^{{cite journal |last=McDonald|first=Andrew T. |year=2012 |title=The status of Dollodon and other basal iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the upper Wealden beds (Lower Cretaceous) of Europe |journal=Cretaceous Research |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2011.03.002 |volume=33 |pages=1–6}} 6. ^Norman, D.B., 2012, "Iguanodontian Taxa (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Lower Cretaceous of England and Belgium". In: Pascal Godefroit (ed.), Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. Indiana University Press. 464 pp. http://www.iupress.indiana.edu/product_info.php?products_id=800408 7. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = McDonald | first1 = A. T. | editor1-last = Farke| editor1-first =Andrew A| title = Phylogeny of Basal Iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): An Update | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0036745 | journal = PLoS ONE | volume = 7 | issue = 5 | pages = e36745 | url = http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0036745| year = 2012 | pmid = 22629328| pmc =3358318 }}
4 : Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe|Fossil taxa described in 2007|Iguanodonts|Taxa named by Gregory S. Paul |
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