| 词条 | Mapiripán Massacre |
| 释义 |
|title = Mapiripán Massacre |image = |caption = |location = Mapiripán, Meta Colombia |target = Civilians / presumed guerrillas |date = 15-20 July 1997 |time = |timezone = |type = shooting, mass murder, massacre |fatalities = 30[1] |injuries = |perps = {{flagicon image|Flag of AUC.svg}} AUC |weapons = small arms }}{{Campaignbox Colombian conflict|state=collapsed}}The Mapiripán Massacre was a massacre of civilians that took place in Mapiripán, Meta Department, Colombia. The massacre was carried out from July 15 to July 20, 1997, by the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), an outlawed right-wing paramilitary group. On July 12, 1997, two planeloads of paramilitaries arrived at the airport of San José del Guaviare, which also served as a base for anti-narcotics police. The paramilitaries then traveled through territories where the Colombian National Army manned checkpoints. On July 15, 1997, the paramilitiaries arrived at Mapiripán. They used chainsaws and machetes to murder, behead, dismember, and disembowel a number of civilians. Because the bodies were thrown into a river, it is unknown exactly how many people died but the U.S. State Department claimed in 2003 that at least 30 civilians were killed[2][3] In proceedings before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the government of Colombia admitted that members of its military forces also played a role in the massacre, through omission.[4] General Jaime Uscátegui allegedly ordered local troops under his command to stay away from the area in which the murders were taking place until the paramilitaries finished the massacre and left. Retired General Uscátegui was later prosecuted, put on trial, and subsequently acquitted.[5][6] On 25 November 2009, the Superior Tribunal of Bogotá revoked the previous sentence, and condemned General Uscátegui to 40 years in prison.[7] Orozco convictionHernán Orozco, the former colonel accused of failing to stop the massacre, was given a forty-year sentence for murder in 2007.[8]Carecuchillo surrenderOne of the paramilitary leaders allegedly responsible for the massacre, Dumas de Jesús Castillo Guerrero, a.k.a. ‘Carecuchillo’, surrendered to authorities on May 20, 2008. after having been considered dead for half a year.[8] Uscategui arrest and convictionJaime Humberto Uscategui, a former army general whom it found had ignored calls for help during the massacre,[10] was arrested in 1999.[11] His trial took place in a military court and he was given forty months in prison for "omission" in 2001.[8][9]On 25 November 2009,[9] the Bogotá superior tribunal announced in a ruling of ninety pages that it had granted a forty-year prison sentence to Jaime Humberto Uscategui.[8][10][11][12] It was the longest sentence that had ever been given to an officer in the army in the country's history.[10] Jaime Humberto Uscategui was declared guilty of kidnapping, murdering and falsifying documents belonging to the public.[10] His sentencing came at the age of 61.[8] He is still innocent, according to himself.[10] He said, "I have the tranquillity of innocence and I also have the tranquillity of proof".[13] See also
References1. ^Uppsala Conflict Data Program Conflict Encyclopedia, Colombia, One-Sided violence, AUC-Civilians, 1997-2005, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=35®ionSelect=5-Southern_Americas# 2. ^National Security Archive, August 1, 2003, Robert P. Jackson, Director of Office for Promotion of Human Rights and Democracy, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, http://nsarchive.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/20030801.pdf 3. ^National Security Archive Blog, "Unredacted" Friday Document, http://nsarchive.wordpress.com/2012/07/13/document-friday-the-mapiripan-massacre-cover-up/ 4. ^http://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/casos/articulos/seriec_122_ing.pdf 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://bogota.usembassy.gov/wwwsdhju.shtml |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2007-01-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203031242/http://bogota.usembassy.gov/wwwsdhju.shtml |archivedate=2007-02-03 |df= }} 6. ^Human Rights Atrocities Still go Unpunished in Colombia | Rights and Liberties | AlterNet 7. ^años de cárcel por masacre de Mapiripán pagará el general retirado Jaime Uscátegui 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://colombiareports.com/2008/05/20/mapiripan-massacre-suspect-surrenders/|title=Mapiripán massacre suspect surrenders|date=May 20, 2008|publisher=Colombia Reports|accessdate=2008-05-20}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite web|author=Libardo Cardona|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/americas/AP/story/1352118.html|title=Court convicts ex-general in Colombia massacre|date=2009-11-25|accessdate=2009-11-27|publisher=The Miami Herald}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8380025.stm|title=Colombia jails death squad general over massacre|date=2009-11-26|accessdate=2009-11-27|publisher=BBC}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rnw.nl/es/espa%C3%B1ol/article/ex-general-colombiano-condenado-40-a%C3%B1os |title=Ex general colombiano condenado a 40 años |accessdate=2009-11-27 |publisher=Radio Nederland Wereldomroep |language=Spanish |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091129115653/http://www.rnw.nl/es/espa%C3%B1ol/article/ex-general-colombiano-condenado-40-a%C3%B1os |archivedate=November 29, 2009 }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.scotsman.com/world/General-gets-40-years-over.5863364.jp|title=General gets 40 years over massacre|date=2009-11-27|accessdate=2009-11-27|publisher=The Scotsman}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/26/former-colombian-general-jailed-massacre|title=Former Colombian general jailed for role in Mapiripán massacre|date=2009-11-26|accessdate=2009-11-27|publisher=The Guardian}} External links
9 : Conflicts in 1997|Mass murder in 1997|Massacres in Colombia|Political repression in Colombia|1997 in Colombia|Colombian conflict (1964–present)|Meta Department|Inter-American Court of Human Rights cases|July 1997 events |
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