| 词条 | Maracon |
| 释义 |
| subject_name = Maracon | municipality_name = Maracon | municipality_type = municipality | imagepath_coa = Maracon-coat of arms.svg|pixel_coa= | map = | languages = French | canton = Vaud | iso-code-region = CH-VD | district = Lavaux-Oron |coordinates = {{coord|46|32|N|06|52|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E | postal_code = 1613 Maracon 1613 La Rogivue | municipality_code = 5790 | area = 4.39 | elevation = 843|elevation_description= | population = 423|populationof=2004 | website = | mayor = Jean-Claude Serex|mayor_asof=|mayor_party= | mayor_title = Syndic |list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = Les Maraconais Lè Bourata-caion | neighboring_municipalities= Saint-Martin (FR), Semsales (FR), Châtel-Saint-Denis (FR), Remaufens (FR), Ecoteaux, Bussigny-sur-Oron | twintowns = |}}Maracon is a municipality in the district of Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2003 the former municipality of La Rogivue merged into the municipality of Maracon, keeping the name Maracon.[1] HistoryMaracon is first mentioned around 1201-50 as Montimarascon.[2] GeographyMaracon has an area, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, of {{convert|4.4|km2|mi2|sp=us}}. Of this area, {{convert|2.98|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 68.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|1|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 22.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|0.27|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 6.2% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.01|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.2% is either rivers or lakes and {{convert|0.15|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 3.4% is unproductive land.[2] Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 20.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 42.7% is used for growing crops and 24.9% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[2] The municipality was part of the Oron District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Maracon became part of the new district of Lavaux-Oron.[1] The municipality is located on the right bank of the Broye. It consists of the villages of Maracon, the former municipality of La Rogivue and a number of hamlets including Very. Coat of armsThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess, the Chief Or, Semi Lion rampant issuant Gules; and the base per pale Gules, a Bend Or, cotised Argent and Argent, two Bends wavy Gules.[3] DemographicsMaracon has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-VD}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-VD|5790}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-VD}} {{as of|2008}}, 5.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[4] Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 5.1%. It has changed at a rate of 1.7% due to migration and at a rate of 2.7% due to births and deaths.[5] Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks French (319 or 92.7%), with German being second most common (14 or 4.1%) and Dutch being third (3 or 0.9%). There is 1 person who speaks Italian and 1 person who speaks Romansh.[9] The age distribution, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, in Maracon is; 46 children or 10.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 65 teenagers or 14.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 55 people or 12.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 33 people or 7.6% are between 30 and 39, 94 people or 21.6% are between 40 and 49, and 56 people or 12.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 39 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 31 people or 7.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 15 people or 3.4% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 2 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.[6] {{as of|2000}}, there were 147 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 174 married individuals, 18 widows or widowers and 5 individuals who are divorced.[7]{{as of|2000}}, there were 156 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.7 persons per household.[5] There were 26 households that consist of only one person and 12 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 127 households that answered this question, 20.5% were households made up of just one person. Of the rest of the households, there are 43 married couples without children, 55 married couples with children There were 2 single parents with a child or children.[7]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}} there were 75 single family homes (or 69.4% of the total) out of a total of 108 inhabited buildings. There were 12 multi-family buildings (11.1%), along with 19 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (17.6%) and 2 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (1.9%).[8]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 125 apartments (87.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 12 apartments (8.4%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (4.2%) were empty.[8] {{as of|2009}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 4.6 new units per 1000 residents.[5] The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 1.01%.[5]The historical population is given in the following chart:[9][10] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:1140 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:400 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:80 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:16 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1337 from:start till:112 bar:1337 at:122 fontsize:S text: "28 Hearths" shift:(8,5) bar:1558 from:start till:76 bar:1558 at:86 fontsize:S text: "19 Hearths" shift:(8,5) bar:1764 from:start till:197 text:"197" bar:1850 from:start till:350 text:"350" bar:1860 from:start till:292 text:"292" bar:1870 from:start till:345 text:"345" bar:1880 from:start till:392 text:"392" bar:1888 from:start till:349 text:"349" bar:1900 from:start till:326 text:"326" bar:1910 from:start till:278 text:"278" bar:1920 from:start till:275 text:"275" bar:1930 from:start till:222 text:"222" bar:1941 from:start till:234 text:"234" bar:1950 from:start till:230 text:"230" bar:1960 from:start till:198 text:"198" bar:1970 from:start till:171 text:"171" bar:1980 from:start till:197 text:"197" bar:1990 from:start till:295 text:"295" bar:2000 from:start till:344 text:"344" Heritage sites of national significanceThe Farm House De Praz-Derrey (Eca 31) is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.[11] PoliticsIn the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 25.1% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (21.48%), the Green Party (20.78%) and the FDP (12%). In the federal election, a total of 163 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 54.0%.[12] Economy{{as of|2010|In 2010}}, Maracon had an unemployment rate of 2.6%. {{as of|2008}}, there were 18 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 32 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 3 businesses in this sector. 12 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 4 businesses in this sector.[5] There were 156 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.7% of the workforce.{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 51. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 30 of which 28 or (93.3%) were in manufacturing and 2 (6.7%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 8. In the tertiary sector; 1 was a technical professional or scientist, 3 or 37.5% were in education.[13]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 13 workers who commuted into the municipality and 108 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 8.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.[14] Of the working population, 12% used public transportation to get to work, and 63% used a private car.[5]ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 71 or 20.6% were Roman Catholic, while 158 or 45.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, and there were 54 individuals (or about 15.70% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 84 (or about 24.42% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 3 individuals (or about 0.87% of the population) did not answer the question.[7] EducationIn Maracon about 129 or (37.5%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 58 or (16.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 58 who completed tertiary schooling, 55.2% were Swiss men, 31.0% were Swiss women, 8.6% were non-Swiss men.[7] In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 62 students in the Maracon school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts.[15] During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 665 children of which 232 children (34.9%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 27 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 35 students in those schools.[16] {{as of|2000}}, there were 14 students in Maracon who came from another municipality, while 47 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[14]Notes and references1. ^1 Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011 2. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010 3. ^Flags of the World.com accessed 08-August-2011 4. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628151016/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html |date=2010-06-28 }} {{de icon}} accessed 19 June 2010 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=2016-01-05 }} accessed 08-August-2011 6. ^Canton of Vaud Statistical Office {{fr icon}} accessed 29 April 2011 7. ^1 2 3 4 STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809142611/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=2013-08-09 }} {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 8. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-09-07 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 9. ^1 {{HDS|2559|Maracon}} 10. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=2014-09-30 }} {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html |title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte |year=2009 |work=KGS Inventar |publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection |language=German |accessdate=25 April 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628110559/http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html |archivedate=28 June 2010 |df= }} 12. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514211354/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html |date=2015-05-14 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 May 2010 13. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225013454/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-12-25 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 14. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php |date=2012-08-04 }} {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010 15. ^Organigramme de l'école vaudoise, année scolaire 2009-2010 {{fr icon}} accessed 2 May 2011 16. ^Canton of Vaud Statistical Office - Scol. obligatoire/filières de transition {{fr icon}} accessed 2 May 2011 External links{{commons category|Maracon}}
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