| 词条 | Marcel Albert | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name =Marcel Albert |birth_date =25 November 1917 |death_date ={{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|8|23|1917|11|25}} |birth_place =Paris, France |death_place =Harlingen, Texas, U.S. |placeofburial= |image =Marcel Albert.jpg |allegiance = {{FRA}} |branch = |serviceyears = |rank = |commands = |unit = |battles = |awards = Hero of the Soviet Union Legion of Honour |relations = |laterwork = }} Marcel Albert (25 November 1917 – 23 August 2010) was a French World War II flying ace who flew for the air forces of the Vichy government and the Free French forces, and also for the Soviet Air Force and the Royal Air Force. He was born in Paris. BackgroundAlbert grew up in a working-class family. He became a mechanic, building gearboxes for Renault, and was accepted for pilot training in the French Armée de l'Air in May 1938. After primary and advanced training, he was posted at the fighter training center in Chartres, where he flew Bloch 152, Morane-Saulnier MS.406 and Hawk 75 fighters.[1] World War IIIn February 1940 Albert was assigned to Groupe de Chasse I/3, a unit operating France's top fighter, the Dewoitine D.520. When German troops invaded France in May 1940, his squadron was redeployed to the Reims airfield. On 14 May 1940, Albert shot down a Do 17 bomber and later that day, a Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter, although this victory was not confirmed. He also earned a probable victory over a Heinkel He 111 bomber before the armistice. Under the Vichy government, his squadron was redeployed to Algeria where Albert flew a few missions against the British forces in Gibraltar. On 14 October he and two other pilots defected and surrendered their airplanes to the British. Having reached England, Albert joined the RAF and flew 47 missions in Spitfires with 340 Squadron. In late 1942, Albert joined the Normandie fighter group, a Free French fighter unit that was being sent to the Soviet Union to help fight the Germans. The Normandie group entered the fight in April 1943, flying Russian-built Yak-1 fighters, and later Yak-9s and Yak-3s. Albert quickly proved to be one of Normandie's best pilots. His first kill was over a Focke-Wulf Fw 189 on 16 June 1943. In July he claimed 3 more, and he was given command of the 1st escadrille on 4 September 1943. During the offensive against Eastern Prussia in October 1944, he scored 7 victories. His score totaled 23 victories (including 15 shared)[1] in 262 combat missions, making him the second highest-scoring French ace of World War II. On 27 November 1944 he was awarded the Soviet Union's highest decoration, the Gold Star and title of "Hero of the Soviet Union" — an award almost never given to foreigners.[2][3] PostwarAfter the war Albert flew as a test pilot in 1946 and was later sent to Czechoslovakia as air attaché, where he met his future wife, an employee at the American embassy. In 1948, he left the military and moved to the United States with his wife, and lived in Chipley, Florida, then his last two years in Harlingen, Texas, in the Rio Grande Valley.[4] Albert died there on 23 August 2010.[5] Awards
List of credited aerial victories
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://aerostories.free.fr/pil_cha_fr/albert/page2.html|title=Marcel Albert, french fighter pilot.|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2015}} 2. ^{{ru icon}}Biography at the website on Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aviationartstore.com/albert_2.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-02-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323145654/http://aviationartstore.com/albert_2.htm |archivedate=2010-03-23 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.acapitolblog.com/2009/11/valley-resident-marcel-albert-is-french.html|title=A CAPITOL BLOG|author=Aaron Pena|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2015}} 5. ^https://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5iX5ZLvSJZid9AkfL9fmiwSD2hVFQ 6. ^DEFM1008929D 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ordredelaliberation.fr/fr_compagnon/8.html|title=Ordre de la Libération|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2015}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=1648|title=Герой Советского Союза Альбер (Albert) Марсель (Marcel) :: Герои страны|publisher=|accessdate=5 September 2015}} External links
23 : 1917 births|2010 deaths|French Air Force personnel|French World War II flying aces|French Royal Air Force pilots of World War II|French military personnel of World War II|French emigrants to the United States|Free French military personnel of World War II|Foreign Heroes of the Soviet Union|Companions of the Liberation|Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur|Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)|Recipients of the Resistance Medal|Recipients of the Order of Lenin|Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner|Recipients of the Czechoslovak War Cross|Recipients of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class|French expatriates in the Soviet Union|Heroes of the Soviet Union|Recipients of the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class|People from Paris|People from Harlingen, Texas|People from Chipley, Florida |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。