| 词条 | Marc van Roosmalen |
| 释义 |
| name = Marc van Roosmalen | image = | alt = 220px | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1947|06|23}} | birth_place = Tilburg, Netherlands | residence = Manaus, Brazil | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = | other_names = | occupation = Primatologist | website = | years_active = 1976–present | parents = | alma mater = University of Amsterdam | spouse = | children = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Dr. Marc van Roosmalen (born June 23, 1947) is a Dutch-Brazilian primatologist. He was elected as one of the "Heroes of the Planet" by Time magazine in 2000.[1] His research has led to the identification of several new monkey species, as well as other animals and plants, although some of these identifications are challenged as dubious, unconvincing, or contradictory to the evidence.[2] He is also an activist in the protection of the Brazilian rainforest.[3] Van Roosmalen was awarded the honour of officer in the Order of the Golden Ark by Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands in 1997.[4][5] CareerVan Roosmalen studied biology at the University of Amsterdam and did four years of doctoral fieldwork beginning in 1976 studying the red-faced spider monkey in Suriname. He later did two more years of work in French Guiana, following which he published the book Fruits of the Guianan Flora. In 1986 he was hired by the INPA (Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research, where he initially thrived. During this period, he launched a non-governmental organization focused on creating wilderness preserves in the deep Amazon. He became a naturalized Brazilian citizen in 1997. Marc considers Alfred Russel Wallace a hero and is an advocate of Wallace's "river barrier" hypothesis that the major rivers of the Amazonian basin serve as barriers that create separate genetically distinct evolutionary regions. Personal lifeMarc grew up in Tilburg, a city in the southern part of the Netherlands. His father was a chemist. He met and married his first wife while living in Utrecht, where he had moved for school at age 17. They had two sons. In early 2008, he divorced his first wife and married his Brazilian girlfriend. Publications (selection)
ControversiesIn 2002, he was fined by the IBAMA (Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's Enforcement Agency) for illegal transportation of monkeys and orchids from the unexplored Amazonian region of Serra do Aracá. In April 2003, Roosmalen was fired from his job with the INPA for illegally exportation of environmental genetic samples to outside Brazil.[6] Around this time, his younger son learned of his affair and told his mother, leading to separation. Also around this time, the board of the NGO removed him as president and removed its resources from his control. In 2007, he was arrested by the Brazilian government for illegally keeping orphaned monkeys in a monkey refuge at his house in the Amazon and for misappropriation of Brazilian public funds.[6] He was sentenced to nearly 16 years in prison. Van Roosmalen claims that he applied for permits for his monkey preserve. The bulk of his sentence was for an embezzling charge after he was accused of stealing scaffolding tower in 1996.{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} He was placed in the notorious Raimundo Vidal Pessoa Penitentiary. At one point Van Roosmalen shared a cell with two violent crack addicts whose drug debts he paid.[7] He is currently free on appeal.[8][9] Van Roosmalen told a Wired news reporter that he has a video of two ex-policemen knocking on his door immediately after tucking revolvers into their pants. Believing that he would be killed if he stayed, he and his wife are on the run with no plans to return to their home in Manaus as of May 2008.[7] Roosmalen's dwarf porcupine and Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset are discovered by and named after him. He named the Prince Bernhard's titi after Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, co-founder and former president of the WWF. References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/reports/environment/heroes/heroesgallery/0,2967,roosmalen,00.html |work=Time |accessdate=12 May 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202085350/http://www.time.com/time/reports/environment/heroes/heroesgallery/0%2C2967%2Croosmalen%2C00.html |archivedate=December 2, 2009 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite journal|last=Edinger |first=Claudio |authorlink= |coauthors= |date=February 2008 |title=Trials of a Primatologist |journal=Smithsonian |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=82–95 |id= |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/roosmalen-200802.html |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091014093223/http%3A//www.smithsonianmag.com/science%2Dnature/roosmalen%2D200802.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2009-10-14 |accessdate=2008-07-20 |quote= }} 3. ^http://marcvanroosmalen.org/bijlage/curriculum_vitae.pdf{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 4. ^http://marcvanroosmalen.org/pages/aboutpag.html{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^Orde van de Gouden Ark 6. ^1 Pesquisador holandês é condenado no Amazonas. - Folha Online 7. ^1 [https://www.wired.com/science/planetearth/magazine/16-06/mf_monkeybusiness?currentPage=all Why Does This Prominent Amazon Researcher Face 14 Years in Prison for Biopiracy?] - Wired Article 8. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/28/science/28biop.html?8dpc | work=The New York Times | title=As Brazil Defends Its Bounty, Rules Ensnare Scientists | first=Larry | last=Rohter | date=28 August 2007 | accessdate=12 May 2010}} 9. ^DutchNews.nl - 'Hero' biologist jailed in Brazil External links
13 : 1947 births|Living people|People from Tilburg|Dutch zoologists|Dutch emigrants to Brazil|Brazilian people of Dutch descent|Brazilian environmentalists|Brazilian zoologists|Primatologists|Poachers|University of Amsterdam alumni|People with acquired Brazilian citizenship|People from Manaus |
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