“Margaret Howard, Countess of Nottingham”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Margaret Stuart (or Stewart) (c. 1591 – 4 August 1639), was an English court office holder. She served as lady-in-waiting to the queen consort of England, Anne of Denmark. She was the daughter of James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray, and Elizabeth Stuart, 2nd Countess of Moray. The sailor Sir Frances Stuart was her brother.

In September 1603, she married Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham.{{sfn|Henderson|1898|p=308}} She attended the trial of Sir Walter Ralegh in November 1603 with the Countess of Suffolk and Arbella Stuart.^[1]

Nottingham was an older man and the marriage in September attracted comment from Anne of Denmark and her brother Christian IV of Denmark, Arbella Stuart, Thomas Edmondes and other letter writers. Anne wrote a letter to King James describing them as a match between Mars and Venus.^[2] Edmondes described their meeting during dancing organised by the queen at Basing House. Robert Cecil wrote that Nottingham had "begun the union", meaning the union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland.^[3] In January 1604 she played the part of Concordia in the masque The Vision of the Twelve Goddesses, wearing "crimson and white, the colours of England and Scotland joined".^[4] The king gave her Chelsea Place.

In 1606 Christian IV in an argument with Nottingham aboard ship about time and tide insisted it was two o'clock and waved two fingers at the Earl. Nottingham or the countess thought he made a joke about their age difference. An angry correspondence ensued. Arbella Stuart attempted to mediate in the scandal in letters to Christian's chamberlain, Sir Andrew Sinclair.^[5] Margaret insisted in a letter to Sinclair that Christian IV should know "that I deserve as little that name he gave me as either the mother of himself or his children". Sinclair had to pass the letter on to Christian. Anne of Denmark asked James to banish her from court.^[6]

An inventory of luxury goods belonging to Margaret and the Earl of Nottingham written by the notary David Moysie in 1606 gives an idea of the material culture of Jacobean courtiers.^[7] When the Earl of Nottingham gave up the admiralty he was declared to be the first earl of England. However, during the planning of the funeral of Anne of Denmark in 1619 other aristocrats including Alethea Howard, Countess of Arundel and Dorothy Percy, Countess of Northumberland refused to give precedence to her. One solution suggested was to make Helena, Marchioness of Northampton the chief mourner.^[8]

After her first husband's death, in 1625, she married William Monson, 1st Viscount Monson.{{sfn|Henderson|1898|p=308}} They had no children.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}

Notes

1. ^Thomas Birch (Folkestone Williams), The Court and Times of James the First, vol. 1 (London, 1848), p. 21.
2. ^Letters to King James the Sixth from the Queen, Prince Henry, Prince Charles, the Princess Elizabeth and Her Husband, Frederick, King of Bohemia, and from Their Son, Prince Frederick Henry (Edinburgh, 1835), p. xliv-vi.
3. ^Edmund Lodge, Illustrations of British History, vol. 3 (Oxford, 1838), p. 19, 39.
4. ^[https://archive.org/details/visiontwelvegod00danigoog/page/n65 Ernest Law, The Vision of the Twelve Goddesses (London, 1880)], p. 30, 60.
5. ^Sara Jayne Steen, The Letters of Lady Arbella Stuart (Oxford, 1994), pp. 211-7, 282-4.
6. ^Agnes Strickland, Lives of the Queens of England vol. 4 (London, 1869) pp. 93-5, her italics quoting a letter in BL Egerton: J. Payne Collier,The Egerton Papers (Camden Society: London, 1840), pp. 467-470.
7. ^See the Morton papers in the National Archives of Scotland and National Library of Scotland.
8. ^Norman Egbert McClure, The Letters of John Chamberlain vol. 2 (Philadelphia, 1939), pp. 232-3.

Notes

References