词条 | Maria Pia of Savoy | ||||||||||||
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| name = Maria Pia of Savoy | full name = Maria Pia di Savoia | succession = Queen consort of Portugal | image = Maria Pia of Savoy, dowager queen of Portugal.jpg | caption = Maria Pia as Dowager Queen | reign = 6 October 1862 – 19 October 1889 | spouse = Luís I of Portugal | issue = Carlos I of Portugal Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto | house = Savoy | father = Victor Emmanuel II of Italy | mother = Adelaide of Austria | birth_date = 16 October 1847 | birth_place = Royal Palace, Turin, Sardinia | death_date = {{death date and age|1911|7|5|1847|10|16|df=y}} | death_place = Stupinigi, Nichelino, Italy | burial_place = Royal Basilica, Turin, Italy | religion = Roman Catholicism | signature = Assinatura Maria Pia de Sabóia.svg }} Dona Maria Pia of Savoy (16 October 1847 – 5 July 1911) was a Portuguese Queen consort, spouse of King Luís I of Portugal. On the day of her baptism, Pope Pius IX, her godfather, gave her a Golden Rose. Maria Pia was married to Luís on the 6 October 1862 in Lisbon. She was the grand mistress of the Order of Saint Isabel. BiographyMaria Pia was the daughter of Victor Emmanuel II, the first King of Italy, by his wife Adelaide of Austria. Her sister Maria Clotilde was the "princesse Napoléon" as wife of Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte and her brothers were King Umberto I of Italy and King Amadeo of Spain. QueenAs Queen, Maria Pia was considered by some as extravagant, but far more for her many charitable works in aid of the Portuguese people. She was known by the Portuguese people as an "angel of charity" and "mother of the poor" for her compassion and work on social causes. At a masquerade ball in 1865, she changed her costume three times. When the Portuguese parliament discussed her expenses, she replied saying "if you want a Queen, you have to pay for her". As Queen, she was largely responsible for the interiors of the Ajuda Royal Palace in Lisbon, still used to this time for banquets during state visits by foreign heads of state. {{citation needed|date=April 2014}} Maria Pia did not involve herself in politics, but at a conflict with João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha in 1870, she stated: "If I were the king, I would have you shot!" {{citation needed|date=April 2014}} Queen DowagerKing Luís died on 19 October 1889 and Maria Pia became queen dowager. She remained very active and continued with her social projects while holding a dominating position at court. She served as regent during the absence of the king and queen abroad. The queen dowager was devastated after the assassination of her son King Carlos I of Portugal and grandson Crown Prince Luís Filipe, Duke of Braganza, on 1 February 1908 on the Praça do Comércio in Lisbon. During her last years in Portugal, she withdrew from the public eye. She was deeply saddened after the military coup that deposed her remaining grandson, King Manuel II of Portugal by the 5 October 1910 Revolution. {{citation needed|date=April 2014}} DeathMaria Pia left Portugal with the rest of the royal family on board the royal yacht into exile in 1910. She returned to her native Italy, where she died on 5 July 1911, aged 63. Her remains are interred in the royal mausoleum in the Basilica of Superga, near Turin, with most members of the House of Savoy since the 18th century. Issue
Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center | boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc; | boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9; | boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc; | boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc; | boxstyle_5 = background-color: #9fe; | 1 = 1. Maria Pia of Savoy | 2 = 2. Victor Emmanuel II of Italy | 3 = 3. Archduchess Adelaide of Austria | 4 = 4. Charles Albert of Sardinia | 5 = 5. Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria | 6 = 6. Archduke Rainer of Austria | 7 = 7. Princess Elisabeth of Savoy | 8 = 8. Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano | 9 = 9. Princess Maria Christina of Saxony | 10 = 10. Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany | 11 = 11. Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily | 12 = 12. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor | 13 = 13. Infanta Maria Louisa of Spain | 14 = 14. Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano (= 8) | 15 = 15. Princess Maria Christina of Saxony (= 9) | 16 = 16. Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano | 17 = 17. Princess Joséphine of Lorraine | 18 = 18. Charles, Duke of Courland | 19 = 19. Countess Franciszka Corvin-Krasińska | 20 = 20. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (= 12) | 21 = 21. Infanta Maria Louisa of Spain (= 13) | 22 = 22. Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies | 23 = 23. Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria | 24 = 24. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor | 25 = 25. Maria Theresa of Austria | 26 = 26. Charles III of Spain | 27 = 27. Princess Maria Amalia of Saxony | 28 = 28. Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano (= 16) | 29 = 29. Princess Joséphine of Lorraine (= 17) | 30 = 30. Charles, Duke of Courland (= 18) | 31 = 31. Countess Franciszka Corvin-Krasińska (= 19) }} Titles, styles, honours and armsTitles and styles
See also{{commons-inline|Maria Pia of Savoy}}External links{{Princesses of Savoy}}{{Portuguese consorts}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria Pia of Savoy}} 19 : 1847 births|1911 deaths|Princesses of Savoy|Burials at the Basilica of Superga|House of Savoy|Queen mothers|People from Turin|House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Portuguese queens consort|Italian people of Polish descent|Portuguese people of Polish descent|Recipients of the Golden Rose|Dames of the Order of Saint Isabel|Dames of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa|Dames of the Order of the Starry Cross|Disease-related deaths in Italy|19th-century Italian people|19th-century Portuguese people|19th-century women |
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