| 词条 | Marilyn Ramenofsky |
| 释义 |
| name = Marilyn Ramenofsky | image = Marilyn Ramenofsky 1964.jpg | image_size =230px | alt = | caption = Ramenofsky in 1964 | fullname = Marilyn Ramenofsky | nicknames = | national_team = United States | strokes = Freestyle | club = | collegeteam = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1946|8|20|mf=y}} | birth_place = Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.[1] | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{convert|5|ft|7|in|m|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|134|lb|kg|abbr=on}} | medaltemplates ={{MedalCountry | the United States}}{{MedalCompetition | Olympic Games}}{{MedalSilver | 1964 Tokyo | 400 m freestyle}}{{MedalCompetition | Maccabiah Games}}{{MedalGold | 1961 Israel | 4×100 m freestyle}}{{MedalGold | 1965 Israel | 400 m freestyle}}{{MedalBronze | 1961 Israel | 400 m freestyle}} }} Marilyn Ramenofsky (born August 20, 1946) is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic medalist, and former world record-holder.[2] She is currently a researcher at the University of California at Davis, studying the physiology and behavior of bird migration. She has previously done research at the University of Washington in Seattle. Swimming careerRamenofsky was named to the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) All-America women's swimming teams in 1962, 1963 and 1964.[2] International Swimming Hall of Fame national director Buck Dawson wrote: "[Ramenofsky] was the first female to swim a perfect freestyle stroke."[3] She attended Pomona College in Claremont, California, and trained with the Pomona College men's swim team because the college had no women's team. Ramenofsky set new world-record times for the 400-meter freestyle three times in 1964, including once at the U.S. Olympic Trials, reducing the record to 4:39.5.[2][4] She also set a new U.S. record in the 220-yard freestyle in 1964, at 2:17.3.[2] At the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, she represented the United States. She received a silver medal for her second-place performance in the women's 400-meter freestyle, breaking the existing Olympic record with a time of 4:47.7, but finishing behind American teammate Ginny Duenkel.[2][5][6] At the 1961 Maccabiah Games she won a gold medal in the 400-meter freestyle relay and a bronze in the 400-meter freestyle. At the 1965 Maccabiah Games she won gold medals in both the 200-meter and 400-meter freestyles.[2] Life after swimmingRamenofsky, who is Jewish, was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1988.[2][5][6][7][8] Ramenofsky has published numerous peer reviewed articles on the physiology and behavior of migratory birds, most notably the white-crowned sparrow.[9][10] Much of her research has focused on how glucocorticoids may orchestrate the suite of life history changes associated with bird migration. She now works at UC Davis studying the migration of birds, and changes in their muscle physiology during stages of migration. See also{{Portal|Biography|Olympics|Swimming}}
References1. ^[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/marilyn-ramenofsky-1.html Marilyn Ramenofsky]. sports-reference.com 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oZxnNt28DhcC&pg=PA153 |title=Jewish sports legends: the International Jewish Hall of Fame |publisher= |date= |author=Joseph Siegman |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dDyEVDIA3aIC&pg=PA155 |title=The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heroes; An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and The 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars |publisher= |author=Peter S. Horvitz|date= |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t0KzECrIQDQC&pg=PA240&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=Alh_TdeSDo6usAOFh7GVBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEUQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Jews and the Olympic Games: the clash between sport and politics : with a complete review of Jewish Olympic medallists |publisher= |author= Paul Taylor|date= |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NACkGVm3C3wC&pg=PA61&dq=Marilyn+Ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en&ei=PJp-TaPUIISosAOazoyGBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Marilyn%20Ramenofsky%20jewish&f=false |title=Jewish Sports Stars: Athletic Heroes Past and Present |publisher= |author=David J. Goldman|date= |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.jewishaz.com/jewishnews/010105/athletes.shtml |title=AJHS honors state's Jewish athletes |publisher=Jewishaz.com |date=January 5, 2001 |author=Barry Cohen |accessdate=March 15, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609101703/http://www.jewishaz.com/jewishnews/010105/athletes.shtml |archivedate=June 9, 2011 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aOTWUl-9LQoC&pg=PA214|title=Day by day in Jewish sports history |publisher= |date= |author=Bob Wechsler |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 8. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=S5laAAAAIBAJ&sjid=r0sDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1450,2995653&dq=marilyn+ramenofsky+jewish&hl=en "Jewish Athletes Honored in Hall of Fame"]. News.google.com (March 2, 1988). Retrieved on 2017-09-29. 9. ^{{cite journal|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/11/071105180008.htm |title=For Migrating Sparrows, Kids Have A Compass, But Adults Have The Map |publisher=ScienceDaily|date=November 10, 2007 |author= |accessdate=March 15, 2011}} 10. ^https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/02/070201082430.htm External links
16 : 1946 births|Living people|American female freestyle swimmers|Former world record holders in swimming|Jewish American sportspeople|Jewish swimmers|Competitors at the 1965 Maccabiah Games|Maccabiah Games gold medalists for the United States|Maccabiah Games bronze medalists for the United States|Maccabiah Games medalists in swimming|Olympic silver medalists for the United States in swimming|Olympic swimmers of the United States|Pomona College alumni|Sportspeople from Phoenix, Arizona|Swimmers at the 1964 Summer Olympics|Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics |
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