| 词条 | Marsilea villosa |
| 释义 |
| image =Starr 061108-9798 Marsilea villosa.jpg | status = LE | status_system = ESA | status_ref = [1] | genus = Marsilea | species = villosa | authority = Kaulf.[2] }}Marsilea villosa, the {{okina}}ihi{{okina}}ihi (Hawaiian) or villous waterclover (English), is a species of fern that is endemic to the islands of O{{okina}}ahu, Moloka{{okina}}i and Ni{{okina}}ihau in Hawaii. It is found exclusively in areas that experience periodic flooding and become ephemeral pools within low elevation dry forests and shrublands.[1] Standing water allows the sporocarp to open and release spores. It also enables the resulting sperm to swim toward and fertilize female ova. For new plants to become established, the waters must subside. Sporocarps only form once the soil has dried to a certain level. Like other species in its genus, the leaves of M. villosa resemble those of a four-leaf clover.[3] ConservationFewer than 2,000 individual plants exist in four remaining populations. The plant was federally listed as an endangered species in 1992.[1] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.fws.gov/pacificislands/flora/marsilea_villosa.html | title = The Recovery Plan for the Marsilea villosa | work = Threatened and Endangered Animals in the Hawaiian Islands | publisher = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service | date=2010-03-24 | accessdate = 2011-02-24}} 2. ^{{ITIS |id=18001 |taxon=Marsilea villosa |accessdate=2011-02-24}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/collection/cpc_viewprofile.asp?CPCNum=2808 |title=Marsilea villosa |work=CPC National Collection Plant Profiles |publisher=Center for Plant Conservation |date=2010-03-04 |accessdate=2010-05-12}} External links{{Commons category-inline|Marsilea villosa|Marsilea villosa}}{{Wikispecies-inline|Marsilea villosa|Marsilea villosa}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q4282452}}{{fern-stub}} 3 : Marsilea|Endemic flora of Hawaii|Native ferns of Hawaii |
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