“Mathematics education in Australia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Mathematics education in Australia in upper Secondary School varies considerably between various states due to the different education systems in place in each state.

New South Wales

Higher School Certificate

The Higher School Certificate (HSC) in NSW contains a number of mathematics courses catering for a range of abilities. There are four courses offered by the Board of Studies for HSC Study:

Victoria

Victorian Certificate of Education

The Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) mathematics subjects are designed to cater for the varying abilities and aptitudes of Victorian students.

In addition to the regular mathematics courses offered in VCE, a new subject called Algorithmics (Higher Education Scored Study) began its coursework in 2015.^[5] Since it is a fully scored subject supported by members in both the University of Melbourne and Monash University, it is different from University Extension studies. Beginning with definitions of abstract data types and algorithms, this subject explores the concepts of pseudocode, sorting, common graph algorithms, recursion, algorithm design patterns, algorithm analysis and computational complexity theory.

Queensland

In Queensland, the senior (years 11 and 12) curriculum is divided into three parts: Maths A, Maths B, and Maths C.

Mathematics A

Maths A covers more practical topics than Maths B and C, but it is still OP eligible. There are considerably fewer algebraic concepts in this subject, and it is suitable for students who either struggled with mathematics in Year 10, or who do not require a knowledge of abstract mathematics in the future. Maths A is designed to help students to develop an appreciation of the value of Mathematics to humanity. Students learn how mathematical concepts may be applied to a variety of life situations including business and recreational activities. The skills encountered are relevant to a vast array of careers (trade, technical, business etc.). Assessments in the subject include both formative and summative written tests, assignments and practical work. It is assessed in the categories: Knowledge & Procedures (KAPS); Modelling & Problem Solving (MAPS); Communication & Justification (CAJ). Although Maths A is not a pre-requisite subject, but it is sufficient for entrance to many tertiary courses.^[6]

The course is divided into four semesters. The skills learned in each semester are as follows:

Mathematics B

Maths B is considerably more theoretical than Maths A, requiring advanced algebra skills to successfully complete. It is a common prerequisite for science and engineering courses at Queensland Universities. Maths B (in some schools) can be studied at the same time with either Maths A or Maths C, but not both. Maths B gives students an understanding of the methods and principles of mathematics and the ability to apply them in everyday situations and in purely mathematical contexts; the capacity to model actual situations and deduce properties from the model; an interest and ability in framing and testing mathematical hypotheses; the ability to express and communicate any results obtained; some knowledge of the history of mathematics; encouragement to think independently and creatively. Assessments are similar as those of Maths A, which includes both formative (Semester 1) and summative (Semesters 2,3 and 4) written tests, assignments and post-assignment tests. It is also assessed in the three categories Knowledge & Procedures (KAP); Modelling & Problem Solving (MAP); Communication & Justification (CAJ). Maths B is a pre-requisite for any tertiary course which deals with or uses math and/or science.^[7] According to the Queensland Studies Authority, in 2010, 93% of students who studied Maths B were OP eligible.

The course is divided into four (4) semesters. The skills learned each semester are as follows:

Mathematics C

Maths C extends the topics taught in Maths B, and covers additional pure-maths topics (including complex numbers, matrices, vectors, further calculus and number theory). Although not necessarily more difficult, it must be studied in conjunction with Maths B. Maths C gives the students an understanding of the methods and principles of mathematics and the ability to apply them in everyday situations and in purely mathematical contexts; the capacity to model actual situations and deduce properties from the model; an interest and ability in framing and testing mathematical hypotheses; the ability to express and communicate any results obtained; some knowledge of the history of mathematics; encouragement to think independently and creatively. Assessments are in the same as the other two courses, formative and summative written tests, assignments and practical work. The student is assessed in the areas of Knowledge & Procedures (KAPS); Modelling & Problem Solving (MAPS); Communication & Justification (CAJ). Maths C can be a pre-requisite to tertiary courses with a heavy maths/science basis. Some skills learned in Maths C would be found in business and economics degrees.^[8]

The course is divided into four (4) semesters. The areas learned are in the following:

Western Australia

However, new WACE mathematics courses are to be introduced for Year 11 students in 2015 and Year 12 students in 2016 in order to align with the Australian curriculum in Western Australia.

The new WACE mathematics courses consist of four units. Each unit is studied over one semester. Therefore, Unit 1 & 2 is studied in Year 11, and Unit 3 & 4 is studied in Year 12.

ATAR mathematics courses are for university-bound students, whereas general courses are for non-ATAR students.

Syllabus information is available from the School Curriculum and Standards Authority (SCSA) website.

South Australia

References

1. ^General Mathematics syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070903082355/http://boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/pdf_doc/maths_general_syl.pdf |date=2007-09-03 }} (PDF)
2. ^¹Mathematics 2/3 Unit syllabus (PDF)
3. ^Mathematics 4 Unit syllabus (PDF)
4. ^VCE Mathematics Study Design Units 1-4: 2006-2009 (PDF)
5. ^VCE Algorithmics Study Design Units 3-4: 2015-2016 (PDF)
6. ^Mathematics A syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211090915/http://www.qsa.qld.edu.au/yrs11_12/subjects/maths_a/syllabus.pdf |date=2007-12-11 }} (PDF)
7. ^Mathematics B syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211160116/http://www.qsa.qld.edu.au/yrs11_12/subjects/maths_b/syllabus.pdf |date=2007-12-11 }} (PDF)
8. ^Mathematics C syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111155147/http://www.qsa.qld.edu.au/yrs11_12/subjects/maths_c/syllabus.pdf |date=2007-11-11 }} (PDF)
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/mathematics/|title=WACE 15-16 - Mathematics|work=scsa.wa.edu.au}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y11_and_Y12_Syllabus_Preliminary_PDF.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226003000/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y11_and_Y12_Syllabus_Preliminary_PDF.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y11_Syllabus_Foundation_2.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002954/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y11_Syllabus_Foundation_2.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y12_Syllabus_Foundation.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226003008/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Y12_Syllabus_Foundation.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Essential_Y11_Syllabus_General_2.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002624/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Essential_Y11_Syllabus_General_2.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Essential_Y12_Syllabus_General.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002626/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Essential_Y12_Syllabus_General.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Applications_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002543/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Applications_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Applications_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR3.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002552/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Applications_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR3.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }} (PDF)
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Methods_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002832/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Methods_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Methods_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002840/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Methods_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR_pdf.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Specialist_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002944/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Specialist_Y11_Syllabus_AC_ATAR.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
20. ^{{cite web |url=http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Specialist_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226002952/http://wace1516.scsa.wa.edu.au/assets/Mathematics_Specialist_Y12_Syllabus_AC_ATAR.pdf |archivedate=2014-12-26 |df= }}
21. ^{{cite web|title=Numeracy for Work and Community Life|url=https://www.sace.sa.edu.au/web/numeracy-for-work-and-community-life|website=sace.sa.edu.au|publisher=South Australian Certificate of Education|accessdate=25 September 2014}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Mathematics Pathways|url=https://www.sace.sa.edu.au/web/mathematics-pathways|website=South Australian Certificate of Education | accessdate=25 September 2014}}
23. ^Mathematical Applications syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831120444/http://www.ssabsa.sa.edu.au/docs/cs-2007/2mme-cs-2007.pdf |date=2007-08-31 }} (PDF)
24. ^Mathematical Methods syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831120444/http://www.ssabsa.sa.edu.au/docs/cs-2007/2mme-cs-2007.pdf |date=2007-08-31 }} (PDF)
25. ^Specialist Mathematics syllabus {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831112738/http://www.ssabsa.sa.edu.au/docs/cs-2007/2msl-cs-2007.pdf |date=2007-08-31 }} (PDF)