| 词条 | Melinka |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Melinka |native_name = Isla Melinca |image_skyline = Melinka.jpg |imagesize = 225px |image_caption = Aerial view of Melinka |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_shield = |image_map = Comuna de Guaitecas.svg |map_caption = |coordinates = {{coord|43|53|52|S|73|44|38|W|region:CL-AI|display=inline,title}} |coordinates_footnotes = |coor_pinpoint = | pushpin_map = Chile | pushpin_map_narrow = yes | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_alt = Location in Chile | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Chile |subdivision_type = Region |subdivision_name = Aisén |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Aisén |subdivision_type2 = Commune |subdivision_name2 = Guaitecas |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = |leader_title = Alcalde |leader_name = Luis Antonio Miranda Chiguay |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_total = |TotalArea_sq_mi = |area_land = |LandArea_sq_mi = |area_water = |WaterArea_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban = |UrbanArea_sq_mi = |area_metro = |MetroArea_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2002 census |population_note = |population_total = 1,411 |population_density = |population_density_mi2 = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_mi2 = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_mi2 = |timezone = Chilean Standard |utc_offset = −04:00 |timezone_DST = Chilean Daylight |utc_offset_DST = −03:00 |elevation = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = Country + town = 56 + ? |blank_name = Climate |blank_info = Cfb |website = |footnotes = }}Melinka is a Chilean town in Aysén Province, Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region. It is located on Ascención Island and is the administrative center of the commune of Guaitecas since 1979. Melinka was founded in 1860 by the German immigrant, Felipe Arnold Westhoff.[1] Westhoff had been commissioned to supply railway sleepers to Ferrocarril Central Andino in Peru.[1] At the time the Guaitecas Archipelago was still part of Chiloé Province.{{fact|date=January 2019}} From Melinka Westhoff exported Pilgerodendron uviferum ({{lang-es|ciprés de las Guaitecas}}) that made excellent wood for sleepers.[1] In 1870 the port was charted by Enrique Simpson on board Chacabuco.[2] The famous pirate Pedro Ñancupel was captured in Melinka in 1886 and bought into justice in Ancud the same year.[3][4] According to a local tradition the word melinka comes from Russian and means lovely. In fact, there is the Russian archaic colloquialism милёнка (transl. milyonka) which means "lovely."[5] Westhoff who came from Lithuania in the Russian Empire named the Melinka after his sister.[4] The town is on a small peninsula off the main island, and shelters a small harbor. The island is in the Guaitecas Archipelago, at the southern end of the Gulf of Corcovado.[6][7] In the first years of Melinka a series of indigenous tombs were discovered while building houses.[8] Melinka is served by Melinka Airport and is connected by gravel road to the hamlets of Repollal. ClimateMelinka has a wet oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb). {{Weather box |location = Melinka |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 17.4 |Feb high C = 17.2 |Mar high C = 15.9 |Apr high C = 13.6 |May high C = 11.3 |Jun high C = 10.1 |Jul high C = 10.0 |Aug high C = 10.0 |Sep high C = 10.9 |Oct high C = 13.2 |Nov high C = 13.8 |Dec high C = 15.7 |year high C = 13.3 |Jan mean C = 13.3 |Feb mean C = 13.2 |Mar mean C = 12.0 |Apr mean C = 10.4 |May mean C = 8.8 |Jun mean C = 7.7 |Jul mean C = 7.6 |Aug mean C = 7.3 |Sep mean C = 7.8 |Oct mean C = 9.5 |Nov mean C = 10.3 |Dec mean C = 12.0 |year mean C = 10.0 |Jan low C = 9.6 |Feb low C = 9.5 |Mar low C = 8.7 |Apr low C = 7.4 |May low C = 6.0 |Jun low C = 5.0 |Jul low C = 5.0 |Aug low C = 4.6 |Sep low C = 4.8 |Oct low C = 6.1 |Nov low C = 7.0 |Dec low C = 8.5 |year low C = 6.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 152.2 |Feb precipitation mm = 168.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 216.8 |Apr precipitation mm = 270.1 |May precipitation mm = 349.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 367.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 382.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 325.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 256.9 |Oct precipitation mm = 191.6 |Nov precipitation mm = 247.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 246.0 |year precipitation mm = 3137.7 |source 1 = Bioclimatografia de Chile[9] }} See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.eldivisadero.cl/noticia-7782 |title=¿Quién era Felipe Westhoff Rodhius? |author= |date=July 28, 2012 |website=eldivisadero.cl |publisher=Diario El Divisadero |access-date=January 10, 2019|language=Spanish |quote=}} {{Aisén-geo-stub}}2. ^Simpson, E. (1874). Esploraciones hechas por la Corbeta Chacabuco al mando del capitán de fragata don Enrique M. Simpson en los Archipiélagos de Guaitecas, Chonos i Taitao. Santiago. Imprenta Nacional. 3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Marín Lleucún |first1=Alejandro |date=2015 |title= Puerto Gala y Puerto Gaviota (1985-1993): Una mirada desde el triángulo de la violencia|trans-title=Port of Gala and Port of Gaviota (1985-1993): A look from the triangle of violence |url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-22442015000200004 |journal=Magallania |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages= |doi= |access-date=January 10, 2019|language=Spanish }} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ellanquihue.cl/prontus4_nots/site/artic/20050116/pags/20050116234026.html |title=La historia del pirata chilote Pedro Ñancúpel |language=Spanish |last=Cárdenas Álvarez |first=Renato |date=January 17, 2005 |website= |publisher=El Llanquihue |access-date=January 10, 2019|quote=Cuando es capturado en Melinka ya era una leyenda porque había evadido la persecución.}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://enc-dic.com/ushakov/Milenok-29889.html |script-title=ru:Толковый словарь русского языка - Милёнок |language=Russian|year=1937 |accessdate=2013-02-12 |quote=милёнка, м. (простореч.).}} 6. ^[https://www.google.com/maps/@-43.8949934,-73.7498654,29208m/data=!3m1!1e3 Google Maps] - Melinka 7. ^[https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=15/-43.8941/-73.7427 OpenStreetMap] - Melinka 8. ^{{cite journal |last1=Westhoff |first1=Felipe |last2= |first2= |date=1867 |title=Jeografía i meteorolojía chilena.-Memoria del subdelegado marítimo del archipiélago de los Chono o Guaitecas |url=https://revistas.uchile.cl/index.php/ANUC/article/view/27200/28818|language=Spanish |journal=Anales de la Universidad de Chile |volume=XXIX |issue=7 |pages=445–450 |doi= |access-date=January 12, 2019}} 9. ^{{cite web| first1 = Ernst| last1 = Hajek| first2 = Francesco| last2 = Castri| url = http://www.ecolyma.cl/documentos/bioclimatografia_de_chile.pdf| title = Bioclimatografia de Chile| accessdate = 23 April 2016| publisher = | page = | language = Spanish| year = 1975}} 4 : Guaitecas Archipelago|Ports and harbours of Chile|Populated places in Aysén Province|Populated places in the fjords and channels of Chile |
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