| 词条 | Merriman Smith |
| 释义 |
| name = | image = Merriman "Smitty" Smith 1962.jpg | alt = | caption = Smith in 1962 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1913|02|10}} | birth_place = Savannah, Georgia | death_date = {{Death date and age|1970|04|13|1913|02|10}} | death_place = Washington, D.C. | nationality = American | occupation = Journalist | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = | awards = {{ubl|Pulitzer Prize|Presidential Medal of Freedom}} }} Albert Merriman Smith (February 10, 1913 – April 13, 1970) was an American wire service reporter, notably serving as White House correspondent for United Press International and its predecessor, United Press. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1964 for his coverage of the assassination of John F. Kennedy and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1967. Life and careerSmith was born in Savannah, Georgia. Known by his middle name (and his nickname, "Smitty"), Smith covered US presidents from Franklin Delano Roosevelt to Richard Nixon and originated the practice of closing presidential news conferences with "Thank You, Mr. President," which was the title of his 1946 book, written during his coverage of the Harry Truman administration. That honor, accorded the senior wire service reporter present at presidential news conferences, became more popularly known when it was continued by Smith's UPI colleague Helen Thomas.[1] Smith began covering the White House in 1940. After the United States entered the Second World War, he was designated as one of the wire service reporters to follow the president on all his travels. They agreed for security purposes not to file their stories until after each trip had ended. Consequently, Smith was in Warm Springs, Georgia, on April 12, 1945, and filed one of the first reports on the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.[2] On November 22, 1963, Smith was the main UPI reporter in Dallas for John F. Kennedy's visit. He traveled in the motorcade in the White House Pool car, which had a radiotelephone.[3] When the shots were fired, Smith grabbed the phone and called the UPI office.[4] He stayed in the phone while Jack Bell, the AP reporter in the car, started punching Smith and yelling at him to hand the phone over.[5][6] At 12:34 PM CST, the report went out over UPI wire.[7] In 1964, he won the Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy. He was the first to publicly use the term "grassy knoll" regarding the assassination.[8] In the 1960s, Smith was a frequent guest on television interview programs hosted by Jack Paar and Merv Griffin. Smith was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson in 1967. Near the end of the novel Seven Days in May, by Fletcher Knebel and Charles W. Bailey II, Smith is thinly disguised as a White House reporter nicknamed "Milky." Part of his legacy is The Merriman Smith Memorial Award, a journalism award bestowed by the White House Correspondents' Association. DeathDespondent over the death of his son in the Vietnam War and perhaps suffering from PTSD as a result of witnessing the Kennedy assassination, Smith died at his home in Washington, D.C., on April 13, 1970 from a self-inflicted gunshot wound.[9] Although he never served in the military himself, his grave is in Section 32 of Arlington National Cemetery next to his son's, by special permission of the Commanding General of the Military District of Washington. See also
References1. ^{{cite news |title=Helen Thomas honored |work=The Pittsburgh Press |date=June 24, 1985 |publisher=Google News Archive |page=A2 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=U4McAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UWIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5835,5656080&dq=helen-thomas+thank-you-mr-president&hl=en }} 2. ^Donald A. Ritchie (2005), Reporting from Washington: The History of the Washington Press Corps, p. 121. 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/article/merriman-smiths-account-jfks-assassination|title=Merriman Smith's account of JFK’s assassination|first=Bill|last= Sanderson|website=www.pulitzer.org}} 4. ^{{cite web |last1=Sanderson |first1=Bill |title=Fifty Years Ago This Minute: How the Assassination Story Broke |url=https://observer.com/2013/11/how-the-assassination-story-broke/ |website=Observer |accessdate=4 September 2018 |date=2013}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2016/11/05/how-this-forgotten-journalist-scored-the-20th-centurys-biggest-scoop/|title=How this forgotten journalist scored the 20th century’s biggest scoop|date=6 November 2016|website=nypost.com}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/article/merriman-smiths-account-jfks-assassination|title=Merriman Smith's account of JFK’s assassination|first=Bill|last= Sanderson|website=www.pulitzer.org}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/article/merriman-smiths-account-jfks-assassination|title=Merriman Smith's account of JFK’s assassination|first=Bill|last= Sanderson|website=www.pulitzer.org}} 8. ^Pages documenting this are held by Gary Mack, the curator of The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza. 9. ^{{cite journal |last1=Lim |first1=Young Joon |last2=Sweeney |first2=Michael S.|date=2016 |title=UPI's Merriman Smith may have suffered from PTSD |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0739532916648956 |journal=Newspaper Research Journal |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=113–123 |doi=10.1177/0739532916648956 |access-date=2018-01-04}} }} External links{{commons category}}
13 : 1913 births|1970 deaths|American male journalists|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery|Journalists who committed suicide|Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients|Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting winners|Suicides by firearm in Washington, D.C.|20th-century American writers|Male suicides|20th-century American journalists|United Press International|20th-century American male writers |
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