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词条 Demographics of Argentina
释义

  1. Cities

     Largest cities  Provinces and districts 

  2. Historical Total Fertility Rates and Crude Birth Rates

  3. Vital statistics

  4. Structure of the population

     UN estimates 

  5. Other demographics statistics

  6. Ethnic groups

     Indigenous peoples  Immigration to Argentina  European settlement  Recent immigrants 

  7. Languages

     Non-indigenous minority languages 

  8. Religion

  9. Gallery

  10. See also

  11. References

  12. External links

{{Infobox country demographics
| country = Argentina
| image =
| caption = Population of Argentina, 1961–2010
| size_of_population = {{UN_Population|Argentina}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| density =
| growth = 1.036% (2010 est.)[1]
| birth = 17.75 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
| death = 7.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
| life = 77.14 years
| life_male = 73.9 years
| life_female = 80.54 years (2012 est.)
| infant_mortality = 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births
| fertility = 2.29 children born/woman (2012 est.)
| net_migration = 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
| age_0-14_years = 25.2% (male 5,450,679/ female 5,200,704)
| age_15-64_years = 63.6% (male 13,400,997/ female 13,440,948)
| age_65_years = 11.1% (male 1,940,810/ female 2,758,356) (2012 est.)
| total_mf_ratio = 0.97 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
| sr_at_birth = 1.05 male(s)/female
| sr_under_15 = 1.05 male(s)/female
| sr_15-64_years = 1 male(s)/female
| sr_65_years_over = 0.7 male(s)/female
| nation = Argentine
| official = Spanish language
| spoken = English, Italian, German, Welsh, Yiddish, Portuguese, Guarani, Quechua, Mapudungun and many others are also spoken varying by region
}}

This article is about the demographic features of Argentina, including population density, ethnicity, economic status and other aspects of the population.

In the {{census-ar|2001}}, Argentina had a population of 36,260,130 inhabitants, and preliminary results from the {{census-ar|2010}} census were of 40,091,359 inhabitants.[1][2] Argentina ranks third in South America in total population and 33rd globally. The population density is 15 persons per square kilometer, well below the world average of 50 persons. The population growth rate in 2008 was estimated to be 0.92% annually, with a birth rate of 16.32 live births per 1,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 7.54 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants.

The proportion of people under 15, at 24.6%, is somewhat below the world average (28%), and the cohort of people 65 and older is relatively high, at 10.8%. The percentage of senior citizens in Argentina has long been second only to Uruguay in Latin America and well above the world average, which is currently 7%.

Argentina's population has long had one of Latin America's lowest birth rates and population growth rates (recently, about 1% a year) and it enjoys a comparatively low infant mortality rate. The median age is approximately 30 years and life expectancy at birth is of 76 years. According to an official cultural consumption survey conducted in 2006, 42.3% of Argentines speak English (though only 15.4% of those claimed to have a high level of English comprehension), 8.3% speak Portuguese[3] and 6.9% speak Italian.[4]

{{Historical populations
|footnote = Source: [5][7]
| percentages =
|1650 | 298000
|1778 | 420900
|1800 | 551500
|1809 | 609200
|1825 | 766400
|1839 | 926300
|1857 | 1299600
|1869 | 1897000
|1895 | 4123800
|1914 | 8162000
|1947 | 15900000
|1960 | 20616000
|1970 | 23400000
|1980 | 27949480
|1991 | 32615528
|2001 | 36260130
|2010 | 40117096
|2018 | 44494502
}}

Cities

{{See also|List of cities in Argentina by population}}

Argentina is highly urbanized,[1] with the ten largest metropolitan areas accounting for half of the population, and fewer than one in ten living in rural areas. About 3 million people live in Buenos Aires proper, and the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area totals around 13 million, making it one of the largest urban areas in the world.[6] The metropolitan areas of Córdoba and Rosario have around 1.3 million inhabitants each,[6] and six other cities (Mendoza, Tucumán, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Salta and Santa Fe)[6][7] have at least half a million people each.

The population is unequally distributed amongst the provinces, with about 60% living in the Pampa region (21% of the total area), including 15 million people in Buenos Aires Province, and 3 million each in Córdoba Province, Santa Fe Province and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Seven other provinces each have about one million people: Mendoza, Tucumán, Entre Ríos, Salta, Chaco, Corrientes and Misiones. Tucumán is the most densely populated (with 60 inhabitants/km², the only Argentine province more densely populated than the world average), while the southern province of Santa Cruz has less than 1 inhabitant/km².

In the mid-19th century, a large wave of immigration started to arrive to Argentina due to new Constitutional policies that encouraged immigration, and issues in the countries the immigrants came from such as wars, poverty, hunger, famines, pursuit of a better life, among other reasons. The main immigration sources were from Europe, the countries from the Near and Middle East, Russia and Japan. In fact, the immigration torrent was so strong that Argentina eventually received the second-largest number of immigrants in the world, second only to the US and ahead of such immigration receptor countries such as Canada, Brazil, Australia, etc.[8][9]

Most of these European immigrants settled in the cities which offered jobs, education and other opportunities enabling them to enter the middle class. Many also settled in the growing small towns along the expanding railway system and since the 1930s many rural workers have moved to the big cities.[10] Urban areas reflect the influence of European immigration, and most of the larger ones feature boulevards and diagonal avenues inspired by the redevelopment of Paris. Argentine cities were originally built in a colonial Spanish grid style, centered on a plaza overlooked by a cathedral and important government buildings. Many still retain this general layout, known as a damero, meaning checkerboard, since it is based on a pattern of square blocks. The city of La Plata, designed at the end of the 19th century by Pedro Benoit, combines the checkerboard layout with added diagonal avenues at fixed intervals, and was the first in South America with electric street illumination.[11]

Largest cities

{{Argentine cities}}

Provinces and districts

Flag Province/District Capital Official LanguagePopulation (2010)[12]RankArea (km²)RankDensity (/km²)[12]Rank
Buenos Aires}}Buenos Aires City –2891082}} 4 203}} 24 14241.8}} 1
Buenos Aires Province}}Buenos Aires ProvinceLa Plata15594428}} 1 307571}} 1 50.7}} 3
Catamarca}}Catamarca ProvinceSan Fernando del Valle de Catamarca367820}} 20 102602}} 11 3.6}} 20
Chaco}}Chaco ProvinceResistencia1053466}} 10 99633}} 12 10.6}} 11
Chubut}}Chubut ProvinceRawsonSpanish, Welsh506668}} 18 224686}} 3 2.3}} 22
Córdoba}}Córdoba ProvinceCórdoba3304825}} 2 165321}} 5 20.0}} 6
Corrientes}}Corrientes ProvinceCorrientesSpanish, Guaraní993338}} 11 88199}} 16 11.3}} 10
Entre Ríos}}Entre Ríos ProvinceParaná1236300}} 7 78781}} 17 15.7}} 7
Formosa}}Formosa ProvinceFormosa527895}} 17 72066}} 19 7.3}} 14
Jujuy}}Jujuy ProvinceSan Salvador de Jujuy672260}} 14 53219}} 20 12.6}} 8
La Pampa}}La Pampa ProvinceSanta Rosa316940}} 22 143440}} 8 2.2}} 23
La Rioja (Argentina)}}La Rioja ProvinceLa Rioja331847}} 21 89680}} 14 3.7}} 19
Mendoza}}Mendoza ProvinceMendoza1741610}} 5 148827}} 7 11.7}} 9
Misiones}}Misiones ProvincePosadas1097829}} 9 29801}} 21 36.8}} 4
Neuquén}}Neuquén ProvinceNeuquén550334}} 16 94078}} 13 5.8}} 17
Río Negro (Argentina)}}Río Negro ProvinceViedma633374}} 15 203013}} 4 3.1}} 21
Salta}}Salta ProvinceSalta1215207}} 8 155488}} 6 7.8}} 12
San Juan}}San Juan ProvinceSan Juan680427}} 13 89651}} 15 7.6}} 13
San Luis}}San Luis ProvinceSan Luis431588}} 19 76748}} 18 5.6}} 18
Santa Cruz}}Santa Cruz ProvinceRío Gallegos272524}} 23 243943}} 2 1.1}} 24
Santa Fe}}Santa Fe ProvinceSanta Fe de la Vera Cruz3200736}} 3 133007}} 10 24.1}} 5
Santiago del Estero}}Santiago del Estero Province{{spaces|2}}Santiago del Estero896461}} 12 136351}} 9 6.6}} 15
Tierra del Fuego}}Tierra del Fuego ProvinceUshuaia126190}} 24 21263}}{{smallsup|a}} 23 5.8}}{{smallsup|a}} 16
Tucumán}}Tucumán ProvinceSan Miguel de Tucumán{{spaces|2}}1448200}} 6 22524}} 22 64.3}} 2
{{smaller|a Not including claims to the Falkland Islands and the Argentine Antarctica.}}

Historical Total Fertility Rates and Crude Birth Rates

Sources: Pantelides and National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina[13]

Years 186918951914194719601970198019912000-2015
Total Fertility Rates (children/woman)6.87.05.33.23.13.13.32.92.4
Crude Birth Rates49.144.536.526.323.623.224.819.5

Vital statistics

The table below gives an overview of the number of birth and deaths in Argentina during the past century. Several sources were combined to construct the table.[14][15][16] The number of births in 2010 (756,176) was the highest number ever recorded. The number of deaths in 2010 also was the highest ever record. However, as the population of Argentina showed a sixfold increase during the past century, the birth and death rates in 2010 (18.7 and 7.9, respectively) were rather low in a historical perspective.

Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate
(per 1000)		Crude death rate
(per 1000)		Natural change
(per 1000)		Total fertility rates[17]
19106 800 000260 000129 000131 00038.318.919.4
19117 070 000268 000129 000139 00037.918.219.7
19127 470 000288 000127 000161 00038.617.021.6
19137 840 000298 000127 000171 00038.016.221.8
19148 000 000294 000123 000171 00036.715.421.3
19158 150 000288 000129 000159 00035.315.819.5
19168 300 000293 000142 000151 00035.317.118.2
19178 450 000284 000136 000148 00033.616.117.5
19188 600 000283 000157 000126 00032.918.214.7
19198 750 000286 000161 000125 00032.718.414.3
19208 970 000290 000139 000151 00032.315.516.8
19219 220 000302 000146 000156 00032.815.817.0
19229 520 000315 000133 000182 00033.114.019.1
19239 890 000336 000146 000190 00034.014.819.2
192410 220 000335 000146 000189 00032.814.318.5
192510 500 000334 000148 000186 00031.814.117.7
192610 800 000337 000147 000190 00031.213.617.6
192711 130 000342 000157 000185 00030.714.116.6
192811 440 000352 000151 000201 00030.813.217.6
192911 750 000355 000162 000193 00030.213.816.4
193012 050 000355 000153 000202 00029.512.716.8
193112 290 000350 000156 000194 00028.512.715.8
193212 520 000352 000139 000213 00028.111.117.0
193312 730 000332 000150 000182 00026.111.814.3
193412 940 000319 661143 065176 59624.711.113.6
193513 150 000322 002162 768159 23424.512.412.1
193613 370 000318 651150 092168 55923.811.212.6
193713 610 000319 024154 275164 74923.411.312.1
193814 202 000325 412161 555163 85722.911.411.5
193914 397 000329 393149 153180 24022.910.412.5
194014 591 000339 029151 856187 17323.210.412.8
194114 796 000340 339148 947191 39223.010.112.9
194215 004 000338 199150 030188 16922.510.012.5
194315 216 000358 977150 166208 81123.69.913.7
194415 441 000380 950154 093226 85724.710.014.7
194515 674 000388 191157 785230 40624.810.114.7
194615 912 000387 496149 895237 60124.49.414.9
194716 109 000398 468158 059240 40924.79.715.0
194816 284 000413 132152 648260 48425.49.416.0
194916 671 000419 656150 604269 05225.29.016.1
195017 150 000438 766154 540284 22625.69.016.63.2
195117 506 000444 326156 406287 92025.49.016.5
195217 865 000446 156153 887292 26925.08.616.4
195318 224 000459 734162 217297 51725.38.916.4
195418 580 000457 559156 347301 21224.68.416.2
195518 931 000461 293167 357293 93624.48.815.5
195619 277 000474 142161 321312 82124.68.416.2
195719 618 000478 368179 578298 79024.49.215.2
195819 955 000472 865166 235306 63023.78.315.4
195920 291 000476 211173 409302 80223.58.514.9
196020 625 000473 038179 266293 77222.98.714.23,1
196120 961 000476 259176 477299 78222.78.414.3
196221 297 000490 414184 013306 40123.08.614.4
196321 633 000491 109187 492303 61722.78.714.0
196421 966 000496 256193 141303 11522.68.813.8
196522 297 000481 814196 467285 34721.68.812.8
196622 622 000479 396194 450284 94621.28.612.6
196722 945 000480 317195 265285 05220.98.512.4
196823 273 000493 354213 313280 04121.29.212.0
196923 617 000580 699222 937357 76224.69.415.2
197023 983 000544 521222 113322 40822.79.313.53.2
197124 376 000564 787225 000339 78723.29.214.0
197224 792 000559 398228 000331 39822.69.213.4
197325 222 000561 500231 000330 50022.39.213.1
197425 654 000590 000234 000356 00023.09.113.9
197526 079 000620 000237 000383 00023.89.114.73.4
197626 493 000656 768240 764416 00424.89.115.7
197726 899 000661 222234 430426 79224.68.715.9
197827 303 000665 000233 482431 51824.48.615.8
197927 712 000647 864234 926412 93823.48.514.9
198028 131 000697 775241 125456 65024.88.616.33.2
198128 562 000680 292241 904438 38823.88.515.4
198229 001 000663 429234 926428 50322.98.114.8
198329 448 000655 876233 071422 80522.37.914.4
198429 900 000635 323255 591379 73221.38.612.7
198530 354 000650 783241 377409 40621.58.013.53.0
198630 811 000675 388241 004434 38422.07.814.1
198731 270 000668 136249 882418 25421.48.013.4
198831 729 000680 605254 953425 65221.58.113.5
198932 187 000667 058252 302414 75620.87.912.9
199032 642 000678 644259 683418 96120.98.012.92.8
199133 094 000694 776255 609439 16721.07.713.3
199233 540 000678 761262 287416 47420.27.812.4
199333 982 000667 518267 286400 23219.67.911.8
199434 420 000673 787257 431416 35619.67.512.1
199534 855 000658 735268 997389 73818.97.711.2
199635 287 000675 437268 715406 72219.17.611.5
199735 715 000692 357270 910421 44719.47.611.8
199836 135 000683 301280 180403 12118.97.811.2
199936 541 000686 748289 543397 20518.87.910.9
200036 931 000701 878277 148424 73019.07.511.5
200137 302 000683 495285 941397 55418.37.710.7
200237 657 000694 684291 190403 49418.47.710.7
200338 001 000697 952302 064395 88818.47.910.4
200438 341 000736 261294 051442 21019.27.711.5
200538 681 000721 220293 529427 69118.67.611.1
200639 024 000696 451292 313404 13817.87.510.4
200739 368 000700 792315 852384 94017.88.09.8
200839 714 000746 460301 801444 65918.87.611.2
200940 062 000745 336304 525440 81118.67.611.02.380
201040 412 000756 176318 602437 57418.77.910.82.392
201140 900 000758 042319 059438 98318.57.810.72.379
2012[18]41 282 000738 318319 539418 77917.97.710.22.27
201341 690 000754 603326 197428 40618.17.810.3
201442 669 000777 012325 539451 43718.27.610.6
201543 131 000770 040333 407436 63317.97.710.22.28
201643 590 000728 035352 992375 04316.78.28.5
201744 044 811704 609341 668362 94116.07.88.2

Structure of the population

According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Argentina}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 17,150,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 24.9%, 64.5% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 10.6% was 65 years or older

.[19]

Total populationProportion
aged 0–14
(%)		Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
195017 150 00030.565.34.2
195518 929 00030.764.44.8
196020 619 00030.763.75.5
196522 283 00030.263.76.2
197023 973 00029.363.86.9
197526 067 00029.263.37.5
198028 106 00030.361.58.2
198530 389 00030.860.68.6
199032 730 00030.660.49.0
199534 995 00029.161.49.5
200037 057 00027.962.29.9
200539 145 00026.963.010.1
201041 223 00025.863.810.4
201543 417 00025.164.010.9

Structure of the population (01.07.2010 ) (Estimates- Data refer to projections based on 2001 Population Census):[20]

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total19,846,67120,672,28040,518,951100
0–41,740,4851,679,1883,419,6738.44
5–91,689,3641,632,6283,321,9928.20
10–141,735,3441,679,3023,414,6468.43
15–191,751,3861,698,1733,449,5598.51
20–241,697,5501,652,1733,349,7238.27
25–291,618,7051,591,1883,209,9037.92
30–341,628,1491,620,6583,248,8078.02
35–391,353,5871,358,4312,712,0186.69
40–441,179,0761,194,1812,373,2575.86
45–491,093,9401,131,9512,225,8915.49
50–54991,7571,076,8992,068,6565.11
55–59906,470996,9271,903,3974.70
60–64760,092867,0441,627,1364.02
65–69602,756726,3181,329,0743.28
70–74456,960614,3711,071,3312.64
75–79331,313513,715845,0282.09
80+309,737639,123948,8602.34
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–145,165,1934,991,11810,156,31125.07
15–6412,980,71213,187,63526,168,34764.58
65+1,700,7662,493,5274,194,29310.35

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) :

Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total20,409,83021,250,58741,660,417100
0–41,749,6551,687,4763,437,1318.25
5–91,715,9451,657,0863,373,0318.10
10–141,700,7571,645,0303,345,7878.03
15–191,744,4621,690,6683,435,1308.25
20–241,730,8711,683,2043,414,0758.20
25–291,656,7471,621,9913,278,7387.87
30–341,622,0191,607,2683,229,2877.75
35–391,524,1101,527,4633,051,5737.32
40–441,261,3221,275,2432,536,5656.09
45–491,124,9261,154,1042,279,0305.47
50–541,032,3851,099,7462,132,1315.12
55–59929,8661,033,6551,963,5214.71
60–64811,871927,8181,739,6894.18
65–69646,847782,1421,428,9893.43
70–74484,152642,1761,126,3282.70
75–79340,769524,101864,8702.08
80+333,126691,4161,024,5422.46
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–145,166,3574,989,59210,155,94924.38
15–6413,438,57913,621,16027,059,73964.95
65+1,804,8942,639,8354,444,72910.67

UN estimates

The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates of vital statistics of Argentina.

[19]
PeriodLive births
per year		Deaths
per year		Natural change
per year		CBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR*Life expectancy
total		Life expectancy
males		Life expectancy
females
1950–1955 457,600 163,800 293,80025.49.116.33.156662.560.465.1
1955–1960 479,800 169,800 310,00024.38.615.73.136064.562.167.4
1960–1965 497,200 188,800 308,40023.28.814.43.096065.262.468.6
1965–1970 521,400 209,400 312,00022.59.113.43.055765.762.769.3
1970–1975 585,200 224,400 360,80023.49.014.43.154867.264.170.7
1975–1980 694,800 241,000 453,80025.78.916.83.443968.665.472.2
1980–1985 676,400 247,800 428,60023.18.514.73.153270.166.873.7
1985–1990 701,000 264,800 436,20022.28.413.83.052771.067.574.6
1990–1995 721,800 274,800 447,00021.38.113.22.902472.168.675.8
1995–2000 711,200 282,600 428,60019.77.811.82.632273.269.676.9
2000–2005 731,800 296,200 435,60019.27.811.42.521574.370.678.1
2005–2010 741,400 309,000 432,40018.57.710.82.401375.371.679.1
2010–2015 754,200 321,400 432,80017.87.610.22.351176.272.579.8
2015–2020 749,600 334,200 415,40016.97.59.42.271077.173.680.6
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Other demographics statistics

Between the 18th and 19th centuries, Argentina received more than 6.6 million immigrants, second only to the United States, which helped the country's population double every 20 years.[28]

Most Argentines are descended from several European ethnic groups, with more than 55% having Italian origins. The second-most common ethnic origin is Spanish. About 17% have French origins, and about 8% are descended from German immigrants. Argentina today has a large Arab population, most of whom are from Syria and Lebanon.There are also about 180,000 Asian people, mostly of Chinese and Korean origins.[28]

The Argentine government estimates there are 750,000 residents without official documents, many of whom immigrated from Paraguay, Peru, and Bolivia.[28]

Argentina's population continues to grow but at a slower rate because of its steadily declining birth rate. Argentina's fertility decline began earlier than in the rest of Latin America, occurring most rapidly between the early 20th century and the 1950s and then becoming more gradual.[31]

Life expectancy has been improving, most notably among the young and the poor.[31]

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review.[21]

  • One birth every 42 seconds
  • One death every 2 minutes
  • One net migrant every 111 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 1 minutes

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[22]

Population

44,293,293 (July 2017 est.)

Ethnic groups

European (mostly Spanish and Italian descent) and mestizo (mixed European and Amerindian ancestry) 97.2%, Amerindian 2.4%, African 0.4% (2010 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 24.44% (male 5,629,345 /female 5,293,680)

15-24 years: 15.2% (male 3,476,344 /female 3,317,151)

25-54 years: 39.46% (male 8,808,591 /female 8,826,379)

55-64 years: 9.12% (male 1,977,421 /female 2,096,665)

65 years and over: 11.79% (male 2,216,487 /female 3,052,135) (2018 est.)

0-14 years: 24.59% (male 5,612,766/female 5,278,857)

15-24 years: 15.28% (male 3,460,276/female 3,307,227)

25-54 years: 39.38% (male 8,707,818/female 8,733,370)

55-64 years: 9.13% (male 1,963,923/female 2,081,796)

65 years and over: 11.62% (male 2,159,811/female 2,987,449) (2017 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.25 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 92nd

2.26 children born/woman (2017 est.)

Median age

total: 31.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 107th

male: 30.7 years

female: 33.1 years (2018 est.)

total: 31.7 years

male: 30.5 years

female: 32.9 years (2017 est.)

Population growth rate

0.89% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 121st

0.91% (2017 est.)

Birth rate

16.5 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 109th

16.7 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Death rate

7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 108th

Net migration rate

-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 102nd

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 77.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 74th

male: 74.2 years

female: 80.6 years (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 9.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

male: 10.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

female: 8.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

Languages

Spanish (official), Italian, English, German, French, indigenous (Mapudungun, Quechua)

Religions

Nominally Roman Catholic 92% (less than 20% practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4%

Population distribution

One-third of the population lives in Buenos Aires; pockets of agglomeration occur throughout the northern and central parts of the country; Patagonia to the south remains sparsely populated

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 56.5

youth dependency ratio: 39.4

elderly dependency ratio: 17.1

potential support ratio: 5.8 (2015 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 91.9% of total population (2018)

rate of urbanization: 1.07% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 17 years

male: 16 years

female: 18 years (2014)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 18.3%. Country comparison to the world: 73rd

male: 15.6%

female: 22.8% (2014 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female

total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

Ethnic groups

{{main article|Ethnic groups of Argentina|Immigration to Argentina}}{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Ethnic groups in Argentina [35]
|label1 = European and mestizo
|value1 = 97.2
|color1 = Blue
|label2 = Amerindian
|value2 = 2.4
|color2 = Red
|label3 = African
|value3 = 0.4
|color3 = Green
}}{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Genetic ancestrality of the Argentine population [23]
|label1 = European and Near Eastern
|value1 = 61
|color1 = Blue
|label2 = Amerindian
|value2 = 27
|color2 = Red
|label3 = Sub-Saharan African
|value3 = 9
|color3 = Green
|label4 = unassigned
|value4 = 3
|color4 = Gray
}}

Indigenous peoples

{{main article|Argentine Amerindians}}

According to the data of INDEC's Complementary Survey of Indigenous Peoples (ECPI) 2004–2005, 600,000 officially recognized indigenous persons (about 1.4% of the total population) reside in Argentina. The most numerous of these communities are the Mapuches, who live mostly in the south, the Kollas and Wichís, from the northwest, and the Guaranis and Qom, who live mostly in the northeast.[37]

In the census of 2010, 955,032 people self recognized as indigenous or descendants of indigenous peoples, thus representing 2.4% of the national population. This is without prejudice that more than half of the population has at least one indigenous ancestor, although in most cases family memory lost that origin.

Indigenous population of Argentina
Ethnic
group		Survey 2004–2005
Number%
Aonikenk10,5901.8
Atacama3,0440.5
Avá-Guaraní21,8073.6
Aymara4,1040.7
Chané4,3760.7
Charrúa4,5110.7
Chorote2,6130.4
Chulupí5530.1
Comechingón10,8631.8
Diaguita/diaguita calchaquí31,7535.3
Guaraní22,0593.7
Het7360.1
Huarpe14,6332.4
Kolla70,50511.7
Lule8540.1
Mapuche113,68018.8
Mbyá8,2231.4
Mocoví15,8372.6
Omaguaca1,5530.3
Pilagá4,4650.7
Puelche1,5850.3
Qom69,45211.5
Quechua6,7391.1
Rankulche10,1491.7
Sanavirón5630.1
Selknam6960.1
Tapiete5240.1
Tonocoté4,7790.8
Wichí40,0366.6
Others3,8640.6
Not specified102,24716.0

Immigration to Argentina

{{main article|Immigration to Argentina}}

European settlement

As with other areas of new settlement such as Canada, Australia, the United States, Brazil, New Zealand, The United Kingdom, The United Arab Emirates and Singapore, Argentina is considered a country of immigrants.[24] When it is considered that Argentina was second only to the United States (27 million of immigrants) in the number of immigrants received, even ahead of such other areas of new settlement like Canada, Brazil and Australia;[8][9] and that the country was scarcely populated following its independence, the impact of the immigration to Argentina becomes evident.

In the last national census, based on self-identification, 952,032 Argentines (2.4% of the population) declared to be Amerindians[25] Most of the 6.2 million European immigrants arriving between 1850 and 1950, regardless of origin, settled in several regions of the country. Due to this large-scale European immigration, Argentina's population more than doubled.

The majority of these European immigrants came from Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Switzerland, Wales, Ireland, Scotland, Poland, Albania, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Russia, Ukraine, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Bulgaria, Armenia, Greece, Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia.

Italian population in Argentina arrived mainly from the northern Italian regions varying between Piedmont, Veneto and Lombardy, later from Campania and Calabria;[26]

Many Argentines have the gentilic of an Italian city, place, street or occupation of the immigrant as last name, many of them were not necessarily born Italians, but once they did the roles of immigration in Italy the name usually changed. Spanish immigrants were mainly Galicians and Basques.[27][28]

Thousands of immigrants also came from France (notably Béarn and the Northern Basque Country), Germany, though most to Mexico. Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Ireland, Greece, Portugal, Finland, Russia and the United Kingdom.[29] The Welsh settlement in Patagonia, known as Y Wladfa, began in 1865; mainly along the coast of Chubut Province. In addition to the main colony in Chubut, a smaller colony was set up in Santa Fe and another group settled at Coronel Suárez, southern Buenos Aires Province.[30] Of the 50,000 Patagonians of Welsh descent, about 5,000 are Welsh speakers.[31] The community is centered on the cities of Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin.[32]

Recent immigrants

According to the INDEC 1,531,940 of the Argentine resident population in 2001 were born outside Argentina, representing 4.22% of the total Argentine resident population.[34][35] In 2010, 1,805,957 of the Argentine resident population were born outside Argentina, representing 4.50% of the total Argentine resident population.[34][35][36][37]

Illegal immigration has been a recent factor in Argentine demographics. Most illegal immigrants come from Bolivia and Paraguay, countries which border Argentina to the north. Smaller numbers arrive from Peru and Ecuador.

The Argentine government estimates that 750,000 inhabitants lack official documents and has launched a program called Patria Grande ("Greater Homeland")[38] to encourage illegal immigrants to regularize their status; so far over 670,000 applications have been processed under the program.[39]

Rank (2010) Country of birth census 2010 census 2001 census 1990
1 {{Flagu|Paraguay}}550,713325,046254,115
2 {{Flagu|Bolivia}}345,272233,464145,670
3 {{Flagu|Chile}}191,147212,429247,987
4 {{Flagu|Colombia}}177,00050,25015,939
4 {{Flagu|Peru}}157,51488,26015,939
5 {{Flagu|Italy}}147,499216,718356,923
6 {{Flagu|Uruguay}}116,592117,564135,406
7 {{Flagu|Spain}}94,030134,417244,212
8 {{Flagu|Brazil}}41,33034,71233,966
9 {{Flagu|China}}8,9294,1842,297
10 {{Flagu|Germany}}8,41610,36215,451
11 {{Flagu|South Korea}}7,3218,2908,371
12 {{Flagu|France}}6,9956,5786,309
13 {{Flagu|Japan}}4,0364,7535,674
14 {{Flagu|Chinese Taipei}}2,8753,5111,870
15 {{Flagu|Syria}}1,3372,350N/D
16 {{Flagu|Lebanon}}9331,6193,171
Other countries121,018127,683150,849
TOTAL1,805,9571,531,9401,628,210

Languages

{{Main article|Languages of Argentina}}

The official language of Argentina is Spanish, and it is spoken by practically the entire population in several different accents. {{Citation needed|date=December 2009}} The most common variation of Spanish in Argentina is the River Plate Spanish ({{Lang-es|link=no|Castellano Rioplatense}}), and it is so named because it evolved in the central areas around the Río de la Plata basin. Its distinctive feature is widespread voseo, the use of the pronoun vos instead of tú for the second person singular.

Non-indigenous minority languages

Many Argentines also speak other European languages (Italian, Portuguese, French, Welsh, German, Swedish and Croatian, as examples) due to the vast number of immigrants from Europe that came to Argentina.[40]

English language is a required subject in many schools, and there are also many private English-teaching academies and institutions. Young people have become accustomed to English through movies and the Internet, and knowledge of the language is also required in most jobs, so most middle-class children and teenagers now speak, read and/or understand it with various degrees of proficiency. According to an official cultural consumption survey conducted in 2006, 42.3% of Argentines claim to speak some English (though only 15.4% of those claimed to have a high level of English comprehension).[3]

Standard German is spoken by around 500,000[41][42] Argentines of German ancestry, though the number may be as high as 3,800,000 according to some sources.[43] German is the third or fourth most spoken language in Argentina.

There are sources of around one million Levantine Arabic speakers in Argentina,[41] as a result of immigration from the Middle East, mostly from Syria and Lebanon.

There is a prosperous community of Argentine Welsh-speakers of approximately 25,000[44] in the province of Chubut, in the Patagonia region, who descend from 19th century immigrants.

Religion

{{outdated|date=February 2017}}{{accuracy|date=November 2017}}{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Argentina (2018) [45]
|label1 = Roman Catholicism
|value1 = 92
|color1 = Blue
|label2 = Protestant
|value2 = 2
|color2 = Red
|label3 = Jewish
|value3 =2
|color3 = Yellow
|label4 = Other
|value4 = 4
|color4 = Green
}}

The Constitution guarantees freedom of religion, but until 1994 the President and Vice President had to be Catholic. The society, culture, and politics of Argentina are deeply imbued with Roman Catholicism.

Estimates for the number of Roman Catholics vary from 70% of the population,[46] to as much as 90%.[47] The CIA Factbook lists 92% of the country is Catholic, but only 20% are practicing regularly or weekly at a church service.[40] The Jewish population is about 300,000 (around 0.75% of the population), the community numbered about 400,000 after World War II, but the appeal of Israel and economic and cultural pressures at home led many to leave; recent instability in Israel has resulted in a modest reversal of the trend since 2003.[47][48] Muslim Argentines number about 500,000–600,000, or approximately 1.5% of the population; 93% of them are Sunni.[47] Buenos Aires is home to one of the largest mosques in Latin America. A recent study found that approximately 11% of Argentines are non-religious, including those who believe in God, though not religion, agnostics (4%) and atheists (5%). Overall, 24% attended religious services regularly. Protestants were the only group in which a majority regularly attended services.[49]

Gallery

See also

  • National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
  • Racism in Argentina

References

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3. ^1 Página/12, 27 December 2006. Los idiomas de los argentinos
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25. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index_ecpi.asp|publisher=National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina|title=Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas 2004–2005|language=es}}
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34. ^1 Tendencias recientes de la inmigración internacional INDEC
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37. ^{{cite press release |title=Cuadro P6. Total del país. Población total nacida en el extranjero por lugar de nacimiento, según sexo y grupos de edad. Año 2010 |url=http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/cuadrosDefinitivos/Total_pais/P6-P_Total_pais.xls |publisher=INDEC |accessdate=2011-09-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902220648/http://www.censo2010.indec.gov.ar/cuadrosDefinitivos/Total_pais/P6-P_Total_pais.xls |archivedate=2 September 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.patriagrande.gov.ar |title=Patria Grande |publisher=Patriagrande.gov.ar |accessdate=2010-04-25}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.perfil.com/contenidos/2007/07/21/noticia_0035.html |title=Alientan la mudanza de extranjeros hacia el interior – Sociedad – |publisher=Perfil.com |accessdate=2010-04-25}}
40. ^1 2 3 {{CIA World Factbook link|ar|Argentina}}
41. ^1 Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: Languages of Argentina, Retrieved on 2007-01-02.
42. ^WorldLanguage website. Retrieved on 2007-01-29
43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.swissinfo.org/spa/swissinfo.html?siteSect=43&sid=7080052|title=Rápida recuperación económica tras la grave crisis|website=Swissinfo.org|accessdate=15 January 2018}}
44. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=AR |title=Language of Argentina |accessdate=2008-08-21 |author=Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. |year=2005 |work=Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition |publisher=SIL International |quote=Welsh (25,000) }}
45. ^1 {{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html|title=SOUTH AMERICA :: ARGENTINA|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}
46. ^Marita Carballo. Valores good food here al cambio del milenio {{ISBN|950-794-064-2}}. Cited in La Nación, 8 May 2005
47. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71446.htm|title=Argentina|work=International Religious Freedom Report|publisher=U.S. Department of State|year=2006|accessdate=2009-09-01}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2003/12/22/i-03001.htm |title=Clarín |publisher=Clarin.com |date=22 December 2003 |accessdate=2010-04-25}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2008/08/27/um/encuesta1.pdf |title=Encuesta CONICET sobre creencias|format=PDF |accessdate=2010-04-25}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20091005014331/http://www.worldmapper.org/countrycartograms/carto_arg.htm Population cartogram of Argentina]
{{Argentina topics}}{{Ethnic groups in Argentina}}{{South America in topic|Demographics of}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Argentina}}

1 : Demographics of Argentina
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