| 词条 | Miami Marine Stadium |
| 释义 |
| name = Miami Marine Stadium | nickname = | logo_image = | logo_caption = | image = Miami Marine, 1967.jpg | image_size = 250px | caption = Concert-goers watch an evening concert on Biscayne Bay, 1967 | fullname = | former_names = Ralph Munroe Marine Stadium | location = Virginia Key, Miami, Florida, United States | coordinates = {{coord|25.74295|-80.169865|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | broke_ground = | built = | opened = {{Start date|1963|12|27}} | renovated = | closed = {{End date|1992|09|18}} | demolished = | owner = City of Miami | operator = | surface = Marine | scoreboard = | cost = $2 million (1963)[1] | architect = Hilario Candela | project_manager = | structural engineer = | services engineer = | general_contractor = | main_contractors = | capacity = 6,566 | suites = | record_attendance = | dimensions = | acreage = {{convert|240|acre|m2}} (land and water) | tenants = | embedded = | website = }} The Miami Marine Stadium is a marine stadium on Virginia Key, Miami, Florida, United States. The facility, built and completed in 1963 on land donated to the City of Miami from the Matheson family, is the first stadium purpose-built for powerboat racing in the United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. HistoryThe 6,566-seat stadium was built in 1963 on land donated for water sports, and designed by architect Hilario Candela, then a 28-year-old recent immigrant from Cuba. It was dedicated as the Ralph Munroe Marine Stadium opened, completed at a cost of around $2 million (${{Inflation|US|2|1963|r=1}} million, adjusted for current inflation). A speed boat racer, James Tapp, was killed on opening day. The venue, located just south of Downtown Miami, was revered for its scenic views of Downtown and Miami Beach, hosting motorboat events, and events featuring the likes of Mitch Miller, Sammy Davis, Jr., and U.S. President Richard Nixon (whose seasonal winter residence, dubbed "the Florida White House," was on nearby Key Biscayne).[2] In 1979, Miami Rowing Club relocated to an empty lot between the stadium and MAST Academy (then known as Planet Ocean museum). The Miami International Regatta has been hosted by Miami Rowing Club since 1973, the basin provides a 1,500 meter 7 lane course for practice, training and racing. From its opening for nearly 30 years, the stadium was used for its intended water sports as well as concerts, sporting events such as boxing (which began in 1972), and even figured prominently in the 1967 Elvis Presley film Clambake, serving as the scene of Elvis' climatic speedboat race.[3] In the wake of Hurricane Andrew, it was declared an unsafe building under Miami-Dade County building code on September 18, 1992. In 2004, $3 million was pledged in a municipal bonds by county residents for the restoration and renovation of the facilities. FacilitiesThe Stadium was host for many world class powerboat events including Unlimited Hydroplane, Inboard, Outboard, Performance Craft, Stock, Modified, Grand National divisions as well as other special event races. The Stadium was also the site of a number of nationally televised events including the Bill Muncey Invitational and the ESPN All American Challenge Series. The last major race in the Stadium was the 20th Annual Budweiser Hydroplane Regatta, June 1–3, 1990. Since its condemnation in 1992, the stadium has become a haven for graffiti artists, but remains an attraction for its photographic panoramic view of the central business districts and barrier islands of Miami. DesignPoured entirely in concrete, the Miami Marine Stadium consists of a dramatically cantilevered folded plate roof supported by eight big slanted columns anchored in the ground through the grandstand. A huge horizontal beam tied them all together. A cut in the seating arrangement allowed spectators to appreciate the full height of the posts, which were pushed as far back as possible to permit unobstructed views over the watercourse.[4] This concept was presented by one of the project's architects, Hilaro Candela to be original, however the idea was synonymous to several other well-established stadiums throughout Latin America and Europe, including the Florence Stadium designed by Pier Luigi Nervi, built 1932, the Baseball and Soccer stadiums in Cartagena, Colombia, by Guillermo Gonzalez Zuleta in 1947 and The University Stadium in Caracas designed by Carlos Raul Villanueva, built in 1950. The Miami Marine Stadium bears striking resemblance to the more elegant horse-racing Hipódromo de la Zarzuela in Madrid, Spain, designed by Carlos Arniches Moltó and Martín Domínguez in 1934-1935. RevitalizationOn April 28, 2009 the National Trust for Historic Preservation named the Commodore Ralph Middleton Munroe Marine Stadium to its list of America's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places[5] and as a [https://savingplaces.org/national-treasures National Treasure] in March 2012.[6] On April 18, 2012, the American Institute of Architects's Florida Chapter placed the stadium on its list of Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places as the Ralph Middleton Munroe Miami Marine Stadium.[7] A group, Friends of Miami Marine Stadium, was formed in 2008 with the purpose of restoring the Marine Stadium and returning it to operation. Performer Gloria Estefan, through her charity group, is a major contributor to Friends of Miami Marine Stadium. The City of Miami granted control of the stadium property to the group in 2013, and the group returned in late 2014 with a revitalization proposal and supposed funds. This project has brought the Miami Boat Show to the Miami Marine Stadium, and the show will take place February 11–15, 2016.[8] References1. ^{{cite news |title=Miami Marine Stadium rehab on hold in dispute between city, preservationists |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2011/07/25/2330680/miami-marine-stadium-rehab-on.html|author=Rabin, Charles |newspaper=The Miami Herald |date=25 July 2011 |accessdate=11 August 2011}} 2. ^{{cite news |title=A Magic Tour of Miami Goes From Art to Zoo |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CStmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JuoFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2281%2C2128925 |newspaper=The Miami News |date=9 February 1968 |accessdate=11 August 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.marinestadium.org/index.php/news/231 |title=Clambake-Elvis Presley; "Where's Chico?" |website=MarineStadium.org |author=Friends of Miami Marine Stadium |accessdate=2018-05-01}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Lejeune, Jean-Francois|chapter=Miami's Marine Stadium |title=Miami Modern Metropolis: Paradise and Paradox in Midcentury Architecture and Planning|location=Miami, Fla.|publisher=Bass Museum of Art|year=2009|page=355}} 5. ^National Trust 2009 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.marinestadium.org/facts|title=MARINE STADIUM TIME LINE {{!}} Friends of Miami Marine Stadium {{!}} Promote Restoration - Miami, FL|last=Stadium|first=Friends of Miami Marine|website=www.marinestadium.org|language=en|access-date=2017-10-20}} 7. ^Florida Architecture: 100 Years. 100 Places 8. ^{{Cite news|url = http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/key-biscayne/article4028640.html|title = Massive Miami Marine Stadium plan crumbles|last = Smiley|first = David|date = 20 November 2014|work = Miami Herald|accessdate = 24 November 2014}}
External links
3 : Sports venues in Miami|Multi-purpose stadiums in the United States|National Register of Historic Places in Miami |
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