1. Total fertility rate from 1850 to 1899

2. Vital statistics since 1900
    Natural increase current 

3. Other demographic statistics

4. Urban organization
    Metropolitan areas and agglomerations  Largest urban areas  Largest cities  Largest municipalities by population 

5. People
    Nationality  Languages  Immigration  Ethnic minorities and persons with disabilities  Religion  Literacy 

6. Notes

7. See also

8. References

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Portugal, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

In 2010 Portugal had 10,572,721 inhabitants.

Portugal is a fairly linguistically and religiously homogeneous country. Ethnically, the Portuguese people are mainly a combination of ancient paleolithic populations, and the proto-Celtic, Celtic and Iberian tribes, para-Celtic Lusitanians. Some other groups, like the Romans, Germanic (Visigoths, Suevi, Buri, Alans and Vandals) and later the Moorish (Berber), Sephardic Jewish, and the French also passed through the country.

Today, Ukrainians, Moldovans, Romanians, Russians, Bulgarians, Brazilians, and Venezuelans form the major foreign communities in the country. Members of PALOP countries (Portuguese-speaking African countries) are also immigrants and form communities in the country..^[4] Portuguese is spoken throughout the country, with only the villages of Miranda do Douro's Mirandese language recognised as a locally co-official language.

Total fertility rate from 1850 to 1899

The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.^[5]

Vital statistics since 1900

Natural increase current

Source:^[12]

• Number of births for January-October 2017 = {{decrease}} 71,552
• Number of births for January-October 2018 = {{increase}} 72,388

• Number of deaths for January-October 2017 = {{DecreasePositive}} 89,903
• Number of deaths for January-October 2018 = {{IncreaseNegative}} 94,352

• Natural growth for January-October 2017 = {{decrease}} -18,351
• Natural growth for January-October 2018 = {{decrease}} -21,964

Other demographic statistics

Portugal has traditionally been one of the most homogenous countries in the world but steady immigration has changed that to some extent.^[20]

It may be surprising to learn however, that much of this immigration has taken place over the last twenty years and back in 1992, just 1.3% of the Portugal population was made up of other nationalities. By 2007, however, that figure had risen to 4.1%.^[20]

The following demographic statistics are from the World Population Review.^[13]

• One birth every 7 minutes
• One death every 5 minutes
• One net migrant every 160 minutes
• Net loss of one person every 14 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.^[14]

Population

10,355,493 (July 2018 est.)

10,839,514 (July 2017 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 14.01% (male 743,277 /female 707,437)

15-24 years: 10.89% (male 580,709 /female 546,908)

25-54 years: 42.04% (male 2,143,735 /female 2,209,736)

55-64 years: 12.8% (male 605,113 /female 720,192)

65 years and over: 20.26% (male 838,606 /female 1,259,780) (2018 est.)

0-14 years: 15.34% (male 866,004/female 797,004)

15-24 years: 11.36% (male 653,672/female 577,800)

25-54 years: 41.72 (male 2,298,920/female 2,223,184)

55-64 years: 12.18% (male 617,036/female 702,992)

65 years and over: 19.4% (male 861,270/female 1,241,632) (2017 est.)

0–14 years: 16.1% (male 906,062/female 831,992)

15–64 years: 65.7% (male 3,548,140/female 3,538,562). The biggest population age group is 35–39.

65 years and over: 18.1% (male 800,339/female 1,156,361) (2012 est.)

Median age

total: 43.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 17th

male: 41.8 years

female: 45.6 years (2018 est.)

total: 42.2 years

male: 40.2 years

female: 44.4 years (2017 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.39 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 213rd

1.53 children born/woman (2017 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

30.2 years (2015 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Source: UN World Population Prospects^[15]

Population growth rate

-0.27% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 216th

0.04% (2017 est.)

Birth rate

8.2 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 220th

9 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Death rate

10.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 25th

Net migration rate

2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 38th

Religions

Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim, other) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3%

note: represents population 15 years of age and older (2011 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births. Country comparison to the world: 189th

male: 4.8 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

//Dependency ratio">Dependency ratios:

total dependency ratio: 53.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.6

elderly dependency ratio: 31.8

potential support ratio: 3.1 (2015 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 65.2% of total population (2018)

rate of urbanization: 0.47% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 28% Country comparison to the world: 41st

male: 27.2%

female: 28.8% (2016 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female

15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female

total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Urban organization

Metropolitan areas and agglomerations

As of 2001 Census, Portugal had two significant agglomerations: Lisbon Metropolitan Region (3.34 million inhabitants) and Northern Littoral Urban-Metropolitan Region (or Porto Metropolitan Agglomeration) with 2.99 million people, the later with a polycentric nature.^[16] These broader agglomerations are distinct from the political metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto – Grande Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (2,8 million) and Grande Área Metropolitana do Porto (1,8 million). Together they hold 43% of the total population.

Largest urban areas

When considering the number of inhabitants in consistent single urban areas, de facto cities in mainland Portugal, per the new with increased density of human-created structures, and excluding suburban and rural areas, Portugal has two cities with about one million inhabitants each (Lisbon and Porto), ten others with more than 50,000 inhabitants and 14 cities with populations between 20,000 and 40,000 inhabitants.^[16]

Largest cities

Portugal has 151 localities with city status (cidade). Every city is included into a municipality (município). This is a list of population by city, which means that it refers to the number of inhabitants in the city proper, excluding inhabitants from the same municipality but living outside the urban area of the city in other civil parishes (freguesias) of the municipality. In some cases, the entire municipality and the city proper cover the same territory.^[17]

Largest municipalities by population

People

Nationality

noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)

adjective: Portuguese

Languages

The main language is Portuguese. Mirandês (the Mirandese language), is also recognised, and has special protection in the area of Miranda do Douro.

Immigration

In 1992, 1.3% of the population was foreign, by 2007 the number had grown to 4.1% or 435,736 people.^[18]

Since the independence of the former African colonies, Portugal saw a steady immigration from Africa, most notably Cape Verde, Angola and Guinea-Bissau, but also São Tomé and Príncipe, Mozambique and former Portuguese India in Asia.

Portugal saw migration waves due to labor shortages since 1999, first from Eastern Europe (1999–2002), in two distinctive groups, a Slav (Ukraine, Russia and Bulgaria) and an East Latin (Romania and Moldavia), that stopped and started declining as the labour market became saturated.

Since 2003, most of the immigrants came from Brazil, China and the Indian subcontinent. Family reunification was seen as important for a successful integration in the country, thus the government eased it, and in 2006, more than 6 in 10 new immigrants were family members of legal foreign residents in the country.^[19]

There is also a significant number of elderly Western European residents in search of quality of life, namely from France, German, the Netherlands and United Kingdom.

In 2008, SEF, the foreigners and borders bureau, started using a new integrated information system, incompatible with previous statistics. The foreign population grew 1% from 435,736 in 2007 to 440,277. One in four immigrants is Brazilian.^[20]

Ethnic minorities and persons with disabilities

Anti-racism laws prohibit and penalize racial discrimination in housing, business, and health services. In 2007 approximately 332,137 legal immigrants live in the country, representing approximately 5% of the population. The country also has a resident Romani (Gypsy) population of approximately 40,000 people.

Discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, access to health care, or the provision of other state services is illegal. The law mandates access to public buildings and to newly built private buildings for such persons.

Religion

The great majority of the Portuguese population belongs to the Roman Catholic Church. Religious observance remains strong in northern areas, with the population of Lisbon and southern areas generally less devout and strongly anticlerical. Religious minorities include a little over 300,000 Protestants and Mormons. There are also about 50,000 Muslims and 10,000 Hindus. Most of them came from Goa, a former Portuguese colony on the west coast of India (Some Muslims also came from former two Portuguese African colonies with important Muslim minorities: Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique). There are also about 1,000 Jews. Portugal is also home to less than 10,000 Buddhists, mostly Chinese from Macau and a few Indians from Goa.

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.62%

male: 99.55%

female: 99.63% (2015)^[22]

Notes

See also

• {{illm|Portugal census|pt|Censo demográfico em Portugal}}
• Portugal
• Romani people in Portugal

References

• Liaoning Provincial Museum
• Liaoning salamander
• Liaoning Shihua University
• Liaoning Television
• Liaoning University of Petro-Chemical Technology
• Liaoning Whowin
• Liaoning Whowin F.C.
• Liaoning women's volleyball team
• Liaoning Yuandong
• LiaoNing ZhongWang Group
• Liaoning Zhongwang Group
• Liao Ning Zhong Wang Group
• Liao Qizhi
• Liao river
• Liaoshi
• Liao Shi
• Liao Shixiang
• Liao Tianding
• Liaoti T'a
• Liao-tung
• Liao Weixiong
• Liao Xiao Jun
• Liao Xiaoyi
• Liao Xilong
• Liaoxiornis delicatus