| 词条 | Demographics of Sierra Leone | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| country = Sierra Leone | image = | caption = | size_of_population = {{UN_Population|Sierra Leone}} | density = 80.06 inhabitants per sq km. | growth = 15.40% (2004–2014 est.) | birth = 37.40 births/1,000 inhabitants | death = 11.03 deaths/1,000 inhabitants | life = 57.39 years | life_male = 54.85 years | life_female = 60.00 years | infant_mortality = 73.29 deaths/1,000 births | fertility = 4.83 children born/women | age_0–14_years = 41.9% | age_15–64_years = 54.4% | age_65_years = 3.7% | total_mf_ratio = 0.94 male(s)/female | sr_at_birth = 1.03 male(s)/female | sr_under_15 = 0.99 male(s)/female | sr_15–64_years = 0.94 male(s)/female | sr_65_years_over = 0.78 male(s)/female | nation = Sierra Leonean(s) | major_ethnic = Temne 35%, Mende 31% | minor_ethnic = Limba 8%, Kono 5%, Kriole 2%, Mandingo 2%, Loko 2%, other 15% | official = English | spoken = Mende, Temne, Krio }} The demographics of Sierra Leone are made up of an indigenous population from 18 ethnic groups. The Temne in the north and the Mende in the South are the largest. About 60,000 are Krio, the descendants of freed slaves who returned to Sierra Leone from Great Britain, North America and slave ships captured on the high seas. In addition, about 5,000 Lebanese, 1,000 Indians, and 5,000 Europeans reside in the country. In the past, some Sierra Leoneans were noted for their educational achievements, trading activity, entrepreneurial skills, and arts and crafts work, particularly woodcarving. Many are part of larger ethnic networks extending into several countries, which link West African states in the area. Their level of education and infrastructure have declined sharply over the last 30 years.[1] Population{{Historical populations|title = Historical populations of Sierra Leone |align = left |shading = off |percentages = pagr |source = [2] |1963 | 2180355 |1974 | 2735159 |1985 | 3515812 |2004 | 4976871 |2014 | 5743725 }} According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Sierra Leone}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 1 895 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 43%, 55.1% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 1.9% was 65 years or older .[3]
Vital statisticsRegistration of vital events is in Sierra Leone not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [3]
Fertility and BirthsTotal Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]
Fertility data as of 2013 (DHS Program):[5]
Life expectancy
CIA World Factbook demographic statisticsThe following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Population growth rate2.33% growth rate (2014 est.) Birth rate38.12 births/1,000 population (2012 est.) Death rate11.41 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) Net migration rate-3.86 migrants/1,000 population (2012 est.) Refugees currently in surrounding countries are slowly returning. Sex ratioat birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2011 est.) at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2000 est.) at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2005 est.) at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.) Maternal Mortality Ratio890 deaths/100 000 births (2010) Sierra Leone's MMR is the worst of any country in the world, according to the 2000 WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA report. Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 56.55 years male: 54.08 years female: 59.11 years (2012 est.) total population: 42.84 years male: 40.33 years female: 45.42 years (2003 est.) total population: 45.25 years male: 42.37 years female: 48.21 years (2000 est.) Total fertility rate4.9 children born/woman (2012 est.) Health expenditures13.1% of GDP (2009) Physicians density0.016 physicians/1,000 population (2008) Hospital bed density0.4 beds/1,000 population (2008) HIV/AIDSadult prevalence rate: 1.6% (2009 est.) people living with HIV/AIDS: 49,000 (2009 est.) deaths: 2,800 (2008 est.) Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis aerosolized dist or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2009) Nationalitynoun: Sierra Leonean(s) adjective: Sierra Leonean Ethnic groups{{Further information|Ethnic groups in Sierra Leone}}18 native African tribes 90% (Temne 36%, Mende 33%, Limba 6.4%, Kono 4.4% other 20%) Creole 1.2% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century) Refugees from Liberia's recent civil war Small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians Religions[7]{{main article|Religion in Sierra Leone}}Islam 60% Christian 10% Indigenous beliefs 30% Languages{{Further information|Languages of Sierra Leone}}English (official, regular use limited to literate minority) Mende (principal vernacular in the south) Temne (principal vernacular in the north) Fula (principal language in Sierra Leone, it is also strongly and widely spoken across West Africa and beyond...) Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed American and West Indian slaves and Liberated Africans who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%) Education expenditure4.3% of GDP (2009) LiteracyDefinition:Age 15 and over can read and write English, Mende, Temne, or Arabic Total population: 35.1% Male: 46.9% Female: 24.4% (2004 est.) Total population: 31.4% Male: 45.4% Female: 18.2% (1995 est.) Cities with the highest percentage of a single ethnic group
References{{Commons category|Demographics of Sierra Leone}}1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5475.htm |title=Sierra Leone (02/08) |accessdate=2008-02-17 |work="U.S. Department of State" }} {{Ethnic groups in Sierra Leone}}{{Sierra Leone topics}}{{Africa in topic|Demographics of}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sierra-leone.org/Census/ssl_final_results.pdf|format=PDF|title=FINAL RESULTS 2004 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS|website=Sierra-leone.org|accessdate=7 November 2017}} 3. ^1 2 Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506000000/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm |date=May 6, 2011 }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/1490|title=Sierra Leone - Demographic and Health Survey 2008|website=microdata.worldbank.org}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR297/FR297.pdf|format=PDF|title=Demographic and Health Survey 2013|website=Dhsprogram.com|accessdate=7 November 2017}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations|website=esa.un.org|access-date=2018-08-26}} 7. ^{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sl.html|title= Africa :: SIERRA LEONE|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}} 2 : Demographics of Sierra Leone|Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook |
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