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词条 Demographics of Slovakia
释义

  1. Population

     Population censuses in 1848-2011  Age structure  Median age  Sex ratio 

  2. Immigration

  3. Vital statistics

     Births and deaths since 1919  Current natural increase  Infant mortality rate   Life expectancy at birth  

  4. Ethnic groups

  5. Religion

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Historical populations
|type =
|footnote = Source:
|1848| 2442000
|1869| 2481811
|1880| 2477521
|1890| 2595180
|1900| 2782925
|1910| 2916657
|1921| 2993859
|1930| 3324111
|1946| 3327803
|1950| 3442317
|1961| 4174046
|1970| 4537290
|1980| 4991168
|1991| 5274335
|2001| 5379455
|2011| 5397036
|2018| 5450421
}}

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Slovakia, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. The demographic statistics are from the Statistical Office of the SR, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

Total population: {{UN_Population|Slovakia}}{{UN_Population|ref}} (as of {{UN_Population|Year}}).

Population censuses in 1848-2011

Census Date Population Population
Density
(per km2)
31-12-1848 2,442,000 (est.) 50
31-12-1869 2,481,811 51
31-12-1880 2,477,521 51
31-12-1890 2,595,180 53
31-12-1900 2,782,925 57
31-12-1910 2,916,657 60
15-2-1921 2,993,859 61
1-12-1930 3,324,111 68
4-10-1946 3,327,803 68
1-3-1950 3,442,317 70
1-3-1961 4,174,046 85
1-12-1970 4,537,290 93
1-11-1980 4,991,168 102
3-3-1991 5,274,335 108
26-5-2001 5,379,455 110
21-5-20115,397,036110

Age structure


0–14 years:

15.6% (male 437,755; female 417,797)


15–64 years:

71.6% (male 1,955,031; female 1,965,554)


65 years and over:

12.8% (male 262,363; female 438,538 (2011 est)

Median age

total: 38 years, male: 36.5 years, female: 39.5 years (2012 est)

Sex ratio


at birth:

1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years:

1.05 male(s)/female


15–64 years:

1 male(s)/female


65 years and over:

0.6 male(s)/female


total population:

0.94 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Immigration

Immigration to Slovakia is one of the lowest in the European Union.{{cn|date=September 2016}}


Largest groups of foreign residents
NationalityPopulation (2016)[1]
Ukraine}}13,024
EU}}{{flag|Czech Republic}}10,137
EU}}{{flag|Hungary}}7,813
Serbia}}7,232
EU}}{{flag|Romania}}6,907
EU}}{{flag|Poland}}5,562
EU}}{{flag|Germany}}4,380
Russia}}4,035
EU}}{{flag|Italy}}2,757
Vietnam}}2,580
China}}2,346
EU}}{{flag|Austria}}2,334
EU}}{{flag|United Kingdom}}1,970
EU}}{{flag|Bulgaria}}1,789
South Korea}}1,638
EU}}{{flag|France}}1,398
EU}}{{flag|Croatia}}1,058
Iran}}1,056

Vital statistics

Births and deaths since 1919

Average
population
(000s)
Live births Deaths Natural
change
Births
(per 1000)
Deaths
(per 1000)
Natural
change
(per 1000)
Fertility
rates
Induced
abortions
19192 94091 72956 86634 86331.219.311.9
19203 00197 68061 08436 59632.620.412.2
19213 006114 94763 50751 44038.221.117.1
19223 046111 05962 90248 15736.520.715.8
19233 095111 07054 17656 89435.917.518.4
19243 135106 06256 32249 74033.818.015.9
19253 168102 86756 17146 69632.517.714.7
19263 202103 95559 70144 25432.518.613.8
19273 23299 89159 17240 71930.918.312.6
19283 25899 67358 32041 35330.617.912.7
19293 28695 38756 44738 94029.017.211.9
19303 31596 89852 26844 63029.215.813.5
19313 35093 30954 27339 03627.916.211.7
19323 38893 14052 99240 14827.515.611.9
19333 42484 97550 65534 32024.814.810.0
19343 45683 49350 17833 31524.214.59.6
19353 48682 38249 83032 55223.614.39.3
19363 51580 92348 54732 37623.013.89.2
19373 54079 86249 52730 33522.614.08.6
19383 72680 80049 70031 10021.713.38.3
19393 57781 20048 80032 40022.713.69.1
19403 55385 30052 90032 40024.014.99.1
19413 54285 70053 60032 10024.215.19.1
19423 52387 20055 90031 30024.815.98.9
19433 50387 70050 90036 80025.014.510.5
19443 48491 60058 10033 50026.316.79.6
19453 45981 88067 50514 37523.719.54.2
19463 39282 20447 58934 61524.214.010.23.09
19473 39987 65941 49146 16825.812.213.63.21
19483 44691 18940 87350 31626.511.914.63.24
19493 44791 05341 72749 32626.412.114.33.28
19503 46399 72139 66860 05328.811.517.43.56
19513 509100 66340 50560 15828.511.517.03.58
19523 558100 82436 89763 92728.010.217.73.57
19533 59999 12435 59863 52626.99.717.33.50
19543 66198 31034 86663 44426.29.316.93.45
19553 72799 30532 91766 38826.08.617.43.47
19563 78799 46732 81566 65225.58.417.13.46
19573 84497 31135 75561 55624.59.015.53.34
19583 90093 27232 10661 16623.17.915.13.2512 383
19593 94687 99134 07753 91421.58.313.13.0717 217
19603 99488 41231 60956 80322.17.914.23.0820 738
19614 18287 35931 40355 95621.67.813.83.0424 244
19624 23883 89934 39849 50119.88.111.72.8423 784
19634 28287 15832 97854 18020.47.712.72.9519 076
19644 32786 87832 87554 00320.17.612.52.9119 174
19654 37184 25735 91048 34719.38.211.12.8021 037
19664 41281 45336 35745 09618.58.210.22.6824 445
19674 44977 53735 45842 07917.48.09.52.5026 571
19684 48476 37038 07638 29417.08.58.52.4027 398
19694 51979 76940 62339 14617.79.08.72.4328 534
19704 55080 66642 24038 42617.79.38.42.4027 873
19714 55783 06242 85640 20618.29.48.82.4228 619
19724 59787 79441 41046 38419.19.010.12.4926 213
19734 64192 95343 75949 19420.09.410.62.5625 335
19744 69097 58544 93452 65120.89.611.22.6026 086
19754 73997 64945 24852 40120.69.511.12.5326 160
19764 79099 81445 42054 39420.89.511.42.5227 700
19774 84199 53347 18152 35220.69.710.82.4727 875
19784 890100 19347 77852 41520.59.810.72.4528 641
19794 939100 24047 83752 40320.39.710.62.4429 981
19804 98495 10050 57944 52119.110.18.92.3131 240
19815 01693 29049 63243 65818.69.98.72.2831 943
19825 05592 61850 39342 22518.310.08.42.2633 107
19835 09292 05352 43339 62018.110.37.82.2733 625
19845 12790 84351 73939 10417.710.17.62.2534 268
19855 16290 15552 46437 69117.510.27.32.2636 283
19865 19387 13853 23333 90516.810.36.52.2040 624
19875 22484 00652 98031 02616.110.15.92.1849 690
19885 25183 24252 47530 76715.910.05.92.1551 000
19895 27680 11653 90226 21415.210.25.02.0848 602
19905 29879 98954 61925 37015.110.34.82.0848 437
19915 28378 56954 61823 95114.910.34.52.0545 902
19925 30774 64053 42321 21714.110.14.01.9942 626
19935 32573 25652 70720 54913.89.93.91.9338 815
19945 34766 37051 38614 98412.49.62.81.6734 883
19955 36461 42752 6868 74111.59.81.61.5229 409
19965 37460 12351 2368 88711.29.51.71.4725 173
19975 38359 31052 0807 23011.09.71.31.4322 318
19985 39157 58253 1564 42610.79.90.81.3721 109
19995 39656 22352 4023 82110.49.70.71.3319 949
20005 40155 15152 7242 42710.29.80.41.2918 468
20015 37951 13651 980-8449.59.7-0.21.2018 026
20025 37950 84151 532-6919.59.6-0.11.1917 382
20035 37951 71352 230-5179.69.7-0.11.2016 222
20045 38353 74751 8521 89510.09.60.41.2415 307
20055 38754 43053 47595510.19.90.21.2514 427
20065 39153 90453 30160310.09.90.11.2414 243
20075 39854 42453 85656810.110.00.11.2613 424
20085 40757 36053 1644 19610.69.80.81.3213 394
20095 41861 21752 9138 30411.39.81.51.4113 240
20105 43160 41053 4456 96511.19.81.31.4012 582
20115 39860 81351 9038 91011.39.61.71.4511 789
20125 40855 53552 4373 09810.39.70.61.3411 214
20135 41654 82352 0892 73410.19.60.51.3411 105
20145 42155 03351 3463 68710.29.50.71.3710 582
20155 42655 60453 8261 77810.39.90.31.4010 058
20165 43557 55752 3515 20610.69.61.01.489 390
2017[2][3]5 44357 96953 9144 05510.79.90.71.529 083
20185 45057 63954 2933 34610.610.00.69 039

Current natural increase

  • Number of births from January-October 2017 = {{increase}} 48,531
  • Number of births from January-October 2018 = {{decrease}} 48,434
  • Number of deaths from January-October 2017 = {{IncreaseNegative}} 44,408
  • Number of deaths from January-October 2018 = {{IncreaseNegative}} 44,514
  • Natural growth from January-October 2017 = {{increase}} 4,123
  • Natural growth from January-October 2018 = {{decrease}} 3,920[4]
  • Number of marriages from January-October 2017 = {{increase}} 28,052
  • Number of marriages from January-October 2018 = {{increase}} 28,107
  • Number of induced abortions from January-September 2018 = 6,911
  • Number of induced abortions from January-September 2018 = {{DecreasePositive}} 6,735

Infant mortality rate


total: 6.47 deaths/1,000 live births


male 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births


female 5.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy from 1950 to 2015 (UN World Population Prospects)[5]:

PeriodLife expectancy in
Years
1950–195564.43
1955–1960{{increase}} 68.64
1960–1965{{increase}} 70.63
1965–1970{{decrease}} 70.32
1970–1975{{decrease}} 70.08
1975–1980{{increase}} 70.48
1980–1985{{increase}} 70.63
1985–1990{{increase}} 70.97
1990–1995{{increase}} 71.61
1995–2000{{increase}} 72.74
2000–2005{{increase}} 73.82
2005–2010{{increase}} 74.77
2010–2015{{increase}} 76.30

Ethnic groups

The majority of the 5.4 million inhabitants of Slovakia are Slovak (80.7%). Hungarians are the largest ethnic minority (8.5%) and are concentrated in the southern and eastern regions of Slovakia. Other ethnic groups include Roma (2.0%), Czechs, Croats, Rusyns, Ukrainians, Germans, Poles, Serbs[6] and Jews (about 2,300 remain of the estimated pre-WWII population of 120,000).

While both international organizations (the United Nations and the World Bank) and the official Slovak statistics office offer population figures for ethnic groups, these figures seldom come close to agreement. Figures for the Roma population (for a variety of reasons) vary between 1% and 10% of the population. In the most recent survey carried out by the Slovak Government's Roma Plenipotentiary, the figure for the percentage of Roma was arrived at through interview with municipality representatives and mayors, according to how many Roma they think live in their jurisdictions. The figure arrived at by this means was in the region of 300,000 (about 5.6%). Note that in the case of the 5.6%, however, the above percentages of Hungarians and Slovaks are lower accordingly.{{cn|date=September 2016}}

Population of Slovakia according to ethnic group 1950–2011[7][8]
Ethnic
group
census 1950census 1961census 1970census 1980census 1991census 2001census 2011
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
Slovaks86.685.385.54,317,00886.54,519,32885.74,614,85485.84,352,77580.7
Hungarians10.312.412.2559,49011.2567,29610.8520,5289.7458,4678.5
Romani1-----75,8021.489,9201.7105,7382.0
Czechs1.21.11.057,1971.159,3261.144,6200.830,3670.6
Rusyns1.4-0.936,8500.717,1970.324,2010.433,4820.6
Ukrainians13,2810.310,8140.27,4300.1
Others/undeclared0.51.20.420,6230.422,1050.474,5181.4408,7777.5
Total3,442,3174,174,0464,537,2904,991,1685,274,3355,379,4555,397,036
1 Before 1991 the Romani were not recognized as a separate ethnic group

The official state language is Slovak, and Hungarian is widely spoken in the southern regions.

Despite its modern European economy and society, Slovakia has a significant rural element. About 45% of Slovaks live in villages with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants, and 14% in villages with fewer than 1,000.

Religion

{{main|Religion in Slovakia}}

The Slovak constitution guarantees freedom of religion. The majority of Slovak citizens (62%) practice Roman Catholicism; the second-largest group consider themselves atheists (13%). About 6.9% are Protestants, 4.1% are Greek Catholics, and 0.9% are Orthodox. Reformed Christian Church 2.0%, other 6.4% (2004 survey).

See also

  • Roma in Slovakia

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.minv.sk/swift_data/source/policia/hranicna_a_cudzinecka_policia/rocenky/rok_2016/2016-statistical-overview-UHCP-EN.pdf|title=Statistical Overview of Legal and Illegal Migration in the Slovak Republic|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://portal.statistics.sk/showdoc.do?docid=3023|title=Štatistický úrad SR|website=Portal.statistics.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infostat.sk/vdc/en/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=35|title=Main demographic data|website=Infostat.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://datacube.statistics.sk/TM1WebSK/|title=DATAcube|website=Datacube.statistics.sk|accessdate=24 October 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|last=|date=|year=|publisher=|pages=|language=|format=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|deadurl=|accessdate=2017-07-15|quote=|periodical=|month=|day=}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.contemporaryrelations.eu/1239/serbs-in-slovakia-granted-minority-status/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-09-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918104925/http://www.contemporaryrelations.eu/1239/serbs-in-slovakia-granted-minority-status/ |archivedate=2010-09-18 |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://sodb.infostat.sk/sodb/eng/1848-2001/tab.III.2-2B_en.htm|title=Demographic data from population and housing censuses in Slovakia|website=Sodb.infostat.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|format=PDF|title=Development of prices in production area in July 2017|website=Portal.statistics.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715152521/http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf|archivedate=15 July 2007|df=}}

External links

  • {{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.sk/|title=New Page 1|website=Statistics.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.infostat.sk/vdc/en/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=35|title=Main demographic data|website=Infostat.sk|accessdate=29 August 2017}}
{{Slovakia topics}}{{Ethnic groups in Slovakia}}{{Demographics of Europe}}

2 : Demographics of Slovakia|Slovak society

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