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词条 Michael Spencer
释义

  1. Education

  2. Early career

  3. ICAP

  4. Other business interests

  5. Politics

  6. Awards and recognition

  7. Philanthropy

  8. Personal life

  9. References

  10. External links

{{other people}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}{{Infobox person
| name = Michael A. Spencer
| image =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|05|30|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Kuala Lumpur, British Malaya (now Malaysia)
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = London
| nationality = British
| other_names = Spence,[1] Spens[1]
| citizenship =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Financial broker; investor
| years_active = 40+
| era =
| organization =
| known_for = ICAP, ICAP Charity Day, political fundraising
| notable_works =
| style =
| home_town = London
| salary =
| net_worth = £800m[2]
| party = Conservative Party
| boards = inter alia Alresford Racing Ltd, Nex Group PLC, The Conservative Party Foundation Limited, Ipgl (Holdings) Limited,Sirai House Limited, Bi Wines and Spirits Limited, Sirai Llp, Finsbury Fine Art Llp, ICAP PLC, InterCapital Brokerage Services Limited
| spouse = Lorraine Spencer (div. 2008)
Sarah, Marchioness of Milford Haven (m. 2016)
| children = 1 daughter, 2 sons
| parents =
| relatives =
| awards =
| website =
}}Michael Alan Spencer (born 30 May 1955) is a British businessman and philanthropist. He is the founder and chief executive of NEX Group plc, a UK-based business focused on electronic markets and post trade business. NEX Group was formerly known as ICAP plc, until the sale of its voice-broking business to Tullett Prebon in December 2016. Spencer has been described as the richest self-made person in the City of London and as a "...City grandee".[3][4]

Education

Spencer was born in British Malaya. His father was an economist and international civil servant, his mother a linguist. Spencer's early childhood saw him move from his birth country to Sudan and then Ethiopia. At age eight he was sent to England to board, latterly at Worth Abbey Benedictine (OSB) School, Sussex. He read physics at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, after which he considered becoming an astrophysicist.[5]

Spencer is an Honorary Fellow of Corpus Christi and an Honorary Doctor of Loughborough University.[6][7]

Early career

While still a student Spencer made £30,000 dealing in shares.[8]

In 1976 he joined city broker Simon and Coates. There he took a large short position on the price of gold prior to the Russian invasion of Afghanistan; the price of gold quadrupled in response to the invasion and Spencer's position incurred heavy losses, leading to his dismissal.[9] In 1981 he joined Drexel Burnham, rising to Vice President before being fired for trading errors. From 1983 to 1986 he was a Director at futures firm Charles Fulton; when that firm floated, Spencer used £50,000 from his proceeds to co-found his first business, along with three colleagues.[9][10]

ICAP

Spencer co-founded Intercapital Brokers in 1986.[11] Over its 20 years as a listed company, its total shareholder return was close to 6,000 per cent.[12]

Intercapital was the first to launch a real-time screen that displayed live prices.[10] In 1998, it was acquired by Exco plc in a reverse takeover, and the enlarged business was renamed Intercapital plc.[13] In 1999, the company merged with Garban plc to create Garban-Intercapital plc, the largest inter-dealer broker in the world with more than 5,000 employees across 63 offices.[14] Garban renamed itself ICAP plc in 2001 (its full name did not fit on trading screens, hence the abbreviation to ICAP) .[14][10] Functioning as an inter-dealer broker, ICAP brought together large financial institutions in search of buyers and sellers for corporate and government bonds, foreign currency, commodities and other financial products. The firm collected commissions and connected clients via its electronic trading platforms. In 2006 Icap entered the FTSE 100, one of a small number of companies to do so with a founder CEO.

Following the sale of its voice broking business to banking firm Tullett Prebon in December 2016, ICAP plc was renamed NEX Group, while Tullett Prebon became TP ICAP. Spencer sold the majority of his stake in TP ICAP in January 2017. He remains CEO and largest shareholder of Nex Group, as of February 2017.[15]

In February 2010, Spencer made £45m from the sale of ICAP shares weeks before the company issued a profit warning that resulted in a 16% fall in the firm's share price.[16]

In September 2013 ICAP was implicated in the global Libor interest rate scandal and fined $87m (£54m) by the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and Britain's Financial Conduct Authority.[17][18] In March 2014 British prosecutors filed charges against three former ICAP employees for their role in the affair. They were among a global group of finance professionals to be investigated, including staff from Barclays, UBS, Citigroup and RP Martin. In January 2016 the three ICAP employees were unanimously acquitted in the UK; the US Department of Justice dropped charges against them in July 2016.[19][20] Spencer was not implicated but issued a public apology on behalf of ICAP.[21]

In March 2018 NEX announced an approach by CME Group further to a proposed acquisition. CME offered £3.8bn in a cash-and-share deal, valuing Spencer's stake at approximately £668m.[22][23] By the time the deal completed in November 2018 Spencer's stake had grown to over £700m, half of which he received in cash, raising his net worth to over £1bn.[12] As a listed company, Nex's total shareholder return was close to 6,000 per cent.[12]

Other business interests

In 1997 Spencer purchased a controlling interest in spread betting firm City Index Group, acquiring his stake from the firm's founders. City Index was later sold for $118m to financial services company GAIN Capital, netting Spencer more than $80m.[24]

Spencer has held stakes in numerous public and private companies.[11] He is a director and majority shareholder in IPGL Limited, a private holding company making investments on behalf of Spencer and other family trusts. He is also an early-stage investor in Temple Grange Partners, a consultancy that finds compliance specialists for financial markets, and an investor in mobile gaming software company Probability.[25] He is a co-owner of Exotix, a frontier markets investment banking boutique.[26] He also owns a stake in Cluff Natural Resources, an energy resources investor. In 2018 he led an investment round in two cyber security firms: Veridium, a biometric authentication startup, and Glasswall Solutions, a file regeneration technology firm.[27][28][29]

Spencer is also an investor in Elvie, a female health tech startup[30] In 2018 he became Chairman and majority shareholder of investment firm FCFM.[31] He is an investor in Viewforth Investment Partners, a London-based hedge fund focusing on mid-cap European securities.[32] In December 2018 the Financial Times reported that Spencer was considering taking a $50m controlling stake in insurance start-up Singapore Life.[33]

Spencer is a former chairman of stockbroker Numis Securities.

He believes in a long-term role for cryptocurrencies. He opposes MiFID II.[34]

In 2011 Spencer was made Chairman of Bordeaux Index, the online wine trading exchange in which he is an investor.[35] He also holds a stake in English wine maker Chapel Down.[36]

He is the owner of Sirai House, a commercial lodge in Kenya.[37]

Politics

Spencer served as Treasurer of the Conservative Party from 2006 to 2010, during which time the party's finances moved from a deficit of £8m into a surplus of £75m.[38][39] He is the Chairman of the Conservative Party Foundation, a charity established to strengthen the financial future of the Conservative Party.[40]

Spencer is a noted donor to the Conservative Party, taking dinner with then-Prime Minister David Cameron.[41] ICAP and Spencer have made £4.6m in donations to the party, although Spencer has been critical of the May government's business policies; he has not donated to the party since the 2017 UK general election.[42] Spencer was nominated for a peerage in Cameron's resignation honours list, for charity fundraising and service to the Conservative party while Treasurer, but reportedly his nomination was blocked by the Cabinet Office.[43]

Spencer has been reported to favour positive discrimination employment policies for women but is against gender-based employment quotas, believing them to wrongly presuppose prejudice among all male employers. He has criticised the UK Government's pay gap review as a distraction from Brexit.[9][44] Spencer was among the first to employ female brokers in the City.[10]

He voted for the UK to remain in the EU. He later said that he had long been undecided on the issue, and that his Remain vote was cast without "...great angelical zeal."[1][34] He has spoken of becoming a cheerleader for enterprise after the sale of NEX.[10]

Awards and recognition

  • Named to Risk magazine's Hall of Fame (2003)[9]
  • Entrepreneur of the Year at CNBC's European Business Leader Awards (2007)[45]
  • Judges Special Award, Beacon Fellowship Prize (2007)[46]
  • Ernst & Young World Entrepreneur Of The Year. Spencer was picked from over 50 country finalists, each one an Ernst & Young Entrepreneur Of The Year in their home country (2010)[47][48]
  • Queen's Award for International Trade (2005 and 2011)[49]
  • Institutional Investor's World's Top 50 Financial Technologists (#13) (2016)[50]
  • Lifetime Achievement Award, Futures & Options World (2016)[51]

Philanthropy

In 1993, Spencer founded the ICAP Charity Day, an annual event in which royalty and celebrities man the trading desks at ICAP and the broking firm donates the day's revenue to charities.[52] As of February 2017, the event has raised over £140 million and backed 2,200 charitable projects. He has said that the Charity Day is his proudest achievement in business, alongside breaking into the FTSE100 with ICAP.[10][53][54]

Royalty and celebrities who have manned ICAP phones include:

Prince William and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, Prince Harry, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Sir Mo Farrah, Sir Stirling Moss, Gillian Anderson, Halle Berry, George W. Bush, Samantha Cameron, Cheryl Cole, Kelsey Grammar, Tom Hardy, Goldie Hawn, Chris Hemsworth, Sir Chris Hoy, Bill Nighy, Julie Walters, Oprah Winfrey and Reese Witherspoon.

Spencer is a founder and trustee of the Borana Conservation Trust, a charity which supports critically endangered species in Kenya's Borana and Laikipia regions.[55]

Personal life

In 2008, Spencer divorced his first wife Lorraine.[56][57] They had two sons and a daughter, and homes in Notting Hill, Suffolk and Manhattan.[56]

In June 2016 Spencer married Sarah, Marchioness of Milford Haven in London.

Spencer has homes in Chelsea, London, and Kenya.[58] Who's Who lists his hobbies as running, riding, shooting, wine and art; he is also reported to be an aviation enthusiast.[21][59] Spencer runs a horse-breeding programme and plans to build a stable in Laikipia. His horse Freewheeler, a South African-bred filly, won the 2018 Kenya Derby at Ngong.[37]

He collects twentieth century and contemporary art, including the work of Picasso, Lucian Freud and Jack Vettriano.[10] Spencer is a former shareholder and an associate director of Ipswich Town Football Club.[60] He cites Michael Bloomberg as a business influence, and reportedly is friends with Sir Elton John, Chris Eubank, Keren Woodward and Andrew Ridgeley. He is a Christian and churchgoer.[37][9]

Spencer is a member of White's, as well as clubs at 5 Hertford Street and 67 Pall Mall.[61] He once left a £5,000 tip for restaurant staff at Scotts, after winning a bet with Richard Caring about the outcome of the 2015 UK General Election.[62]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Michael Spencer: The City's top Tory on why Theresa May is not doing enough to defend business on Brexit|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/michael-spencer-the-city-s-top-tory-on-why-theresa-may-is-not-doing-enough-to-defend-business-on-a3486466.html|date=2017-03-10}}
2. ^{{cite news | title=Profiles: 100-196= | website=The Sunday Times | date=2017-05-07 | url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/rich-list-2017-profiles-100-196-cxdh2mzls | access-date=2018-03-15}}
3. ^{{cite news | title=City grandee Michael Spencer could be in line for £450m payday as Nex approached over takeover | newspaper=The Telegraph | date=2018-03-15 | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2018/03/15/city-grandee-michael-spencer-could-line-450m-payday-nex-approached/ | access-date=2018-03-19| last1=Boland | first1=Hannah }}
4. ^{{cite web | last=Blackhurst | first=Chris | title=City Interview: ICAP's Michael Spencer | website=This is Money | date=2008-10-09 | url=http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/news/article-1644479/City-Interview-ICAPs-Michael-Spencer.html | access-date=2018-03-19}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/may/14/theobserver.observerbusiness3 |title=Big beast of the City hooked on the buzz of the markets |publisher=theguardian.com |first1=Richard |last1= Wachman |date=13 May 2006 }}
6. ^{{cite web | title=Emeritus, Honorary, Claymond and Foundation Fellows | website=Corpus Christi College Oxford | url=https://www.ccc.ox.ac.uk/Emeritus-Honorary-Claymond-and-Foundation-Fellows/ | access-date=2018-03-19}}
7. ^{{cite web | title=Winter Ceremonies celebrate honorary graduates | website=Loughborough University - A top ten university and 1st in the UK for Student Experience | date=2012-12-14 | url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/service/publicity/news-releases/2012/227_Winter_hon_grads.html | access-date=2018-03-19}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-5506931/Americans-swoop-2-5bn-City-financial-technology-titan-Nex-Group.html|title=Americans swoop for £2.5bn City financial technology titan Nex Group|work=This is Money|access-date=2018-09-20}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite news|url=http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/news/article-1529551/The-rare-beast-who-became-the-worlds-top-money-broker.html|title=The rare beast who became the world's top money broker|work=This is Money|access-date=2018-03-14}}
10. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2018/06/02/icap-boss-michael-spencermisdemeanours-city-confined-small-minority/|title=Icap founder Michael Spencer on Corbyn the economic juvenile and not wanting to end his career on a losing battle|last=Marlow|first=Ben|date=2018-06-02|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2018-06-04|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}
11. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/may/14/theobserver.observerbusiness3|title=Big beast of the City hooked on the buzz of the markets|last1=Wachman|first1=Richard|date=13 May 2006|publisher=theguardian.com}}
12. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/9b846900-dd0e-11e8-9f04-38d397e6661c?kbc=undefined|title=City maverick Michael Spencer: Trading? 'It's a contact sport'|last=Jenkins|first=Patrick|date=|website=FT.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.numiscorp.com/uploads/field2_29-04-2003_14_32_43_3534_Board%20Changes,%20Equity%20Issue,%20LTIP.pdf|title=Numis Corporation Board Changes|author=|date=|website=numiscorp.com|accessdate=29 March 2018}}
14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.icap.com/about-the-group/history.aspx|title=Who we are|author=|date=|website=www.icap.com|accessdate=29 March 2018}}
15. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/01/10/michael-spencer-sells-tp-icap-shares/|title=Michael Spencer sells most of his TP Icap shares|last1=Dakers|first1=Marion|date=10 January 2017|publisher=telegraph.co.uk|newspaper=The Telegraph}}
16. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/conservative/7164041/Tory-treasurer-Michael-Spencer-attacked-over-45m-share-sale.html|title=Tory treasurer Michael Spencer attacked over £45m share sale|quote="If someone's attempting to try to start a political debate, it's not supportable by the real facts. There's a proper procedure to follow here. The proper procedure was followed. It's ridiculous for someone to suggest that I have behaved improperly. I haven't."|date=5 February 2010|publisher=Daily Telegraph}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libor-trial-broker-idUSKCN0V616A|title=Ex-brokers celebrate as sixth Libor defendant walks free|date=28 January 2016|website=reuters.com|accessdate=13 February 2017}}
18. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-24250750|title=Libor: ICAP fined $87m and three traders charged with fraud|publisher=BBC News|date=2013-09-25}}
19. ^{{cite web | last=Turvill | first=William | title=Three former ICAP brokers have US Libor charges dropped | website=City A.M. | date=2016-07-07 | url=http://www.cityam.com/245006/three-former-icap-brokers-have-us-libor-charges-dropped | access-date=2018-03-19}}
20. ^{{cite web | title=Libor brokers 'were scapegoats' | website=BBC News | date=2016-01-28 | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-35428279 | access-date=2018-03-19}}
21. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Armitage|first1=Jim|title=Michael Spencer: The City's top Tory on why Theresa May is not doing enough to defend business on Brexit|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/michael-spencer-the-city-s-top-tory-on-why-theresa-may-is-not-doing-enough-to-defend-business-on-a3486466.html|website=Standard.co.uk|accessdate=15 March 2018|date=10 March 2017|quote=He clearly feels angry at his traders and hard done by at Icap's punishment. "It is undoubtedly the low point of my career and the history of Icap. But I believe the firm's reputation for honesty and ethics with our clients has stood the test of time. It was a pity the conduct of three individuals caused not only financial damage but reputational damage well beyond the proportionality of their misconduct."}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.euromoney.com/article/b17m2dlgg67dq6/macaskill-on-markets-nex39s-michael-spencer-a-title-for-the-billion-dollar-broker?copyrightInfo=true|title=Macaskill on markets: NEX's Michael Spencer – a title for the billion dollar broker?|website=Euromoney|language=en|access-date=2018-04-16}}
23. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/cme-plans-hundreds-of-job-cuts-after-3-8bn-nex-takeover-20180329|title=CME plans hundreds of job cuts after £3.8bn NEX takeover|last=Agini|first=Samuel|access-date=2018-04-16|language=en-GB}}
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29. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.finextra.com/pressarticle/75410/michael-spencer-invests-in-15-million-funding-round-for-cybersecurity-outfit-glasswall|title=Michael Spencer invests in £15 million funding round for cybersecurity outfit Glasswall|last=Finextra|date=2018-09-13|work=Finextra Research|access-date=2018-10-04|language=en}}
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56. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/city-tycoon-michael-spencers-1bn-break-up-6832505.html|title=City tycoon Michael Spencer's £1bn break-up|author=|date=2008-08-29|website=standard.co.uk|accessdate=3 September 2018}}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-5536951/BIG-SHOT-WEEK-Multi-millionaire-Nex-founder-Michael-Spencer-62-loves-good-party.html|title=BIG SHOT OF THE WEEK: Multi-millionaire Nex founder Michael Spencer|author=|date=2018-03-23|website=thisismoney.co.uk|accessdate=3 September 2018}}
58. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/yes-im-a-bit-of-barrow-boy-says-camerons-broker-buddy-n2s9ln5nd|title=Yes, I'm a bit of barrow boy, says Cameron's broker buddy|last1=Duke|first1=Simon|date=27 November 2016|publisher=thetimes.co.uk|newspaper=The Sunday Times}}
59. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=|title=Who's Who|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-4000213|journal=|volume=|pages=|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001|via=|doi-broken-date=2019-02-12}}
60. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/michael-spencer-profile-the-700-million-dealmaker-close-to-david-cameron-a3108751.html|title=Michael Spencer profile: The £700 million dealmaker close to David Cameron|last1=Goodway|first1=Nick|date=6 November 2015|publisher=standard.co.uk}}
61. ^{{Cite news|url=https://moneyweek.com/profile-michael-spencer-of-icap/|title=Profile: Michael Spencer of Icap - MoneyWeek|date=2007-11-21|work=MoneyWeek|access-date=2018-03-15|language=en-GB}}
62. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-5536951/BIG-SHOT-WEEK-Multi-millionaire-Nex-founder-Michael-Spencer-62-loves-good-party.html|title=BIG SHOT OF THE WEEK: Multi-millionaire Nex founder Michael Spencer|work=This is Money|access-date=2018-04-16}}

External links

  • Profile in The Observer May 2006
  • ICAP Charity Day
  • Conservative Party Foundation
  • Borana Conservation Trust
{{DEFAULTSORT:Spencer, Michael}}

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