| 词条 | Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle |
| 释义 |
| Name = Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle | Latin = Musculus constrictor pharyngis medius | Image = Musculusconstrictorpharyngismedius.png | Caption = Muscles of the pharynx and cheek (middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle labeled as constrictor pharyngis medius at center left) | Image2 = Gray1031.png | Caption2 = Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves (middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle labeled as Mid. constr. at center) | Origin = Hyoid bone | Insertion = Pharyngeal raphe | Blood = Ascending pharyngeal artery | Nerve = Pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve | Action = Swallowing }} The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fan-shaped muscle located in the neck. It is one of three pharyngeal constrictors. Similarly to the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, the middle pharyngeal constrictor is innervated by a branch of the vagus nerve through the pharyngeal plexus. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is smaller than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. StructureThe middle pharyngeal constrictor arises from the whole length of the upper border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, from the lesser cornu, and from the stylohyoid ligament. The fibers diverge from their origin: the lower ones descend beneath the constrictor inferior, the middle fibers pass transversely, and the upper fibers ascend and overlap the constrictor superior. It is inserted into the posterior median fibrous raphe, blending in the middle line with the muscle of the opposite side. FunctionAs soon as the bolus of food is received in the pharynx, the elevator muscles relax, the pharynx descends, and the constrictors contract upon the bolus, and convey it downward into the esophagus.[1][2] They also have respiratory mechanical effects.[3] Additional imagesReferences{{Gray's}}1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Rowe LD, Miller AJ, Chierici G, Clendenning D |title=Adaptation in the function of pharyngeal constrictor muscles |journal=Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=392–401 |date=August 1984 |pmid=6435057 |doi= |url= |issn= }} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Donner|first1=Martin W.|last2=Bosnia|first2=James F.|last3=Robertson|first3=Diane L.|title=Anatomy and physiology of the pharynx|journal=Gastrointestinal Radiology|volume=10|issue=1|year=1985|pages=197–212|issn=0364-2356|doi=10.1007/BF01893103}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kuna|first1=Samuel T|title=Respiratory-related activation and mechanical effects of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles|journal=Respiration Physiology|volume=119|issue=2-3|year=2000|pages=155–161|issn=0034-5687|doi=10.1016/S0034-5687(99)00110-3}} Further reading
External links
2 : Muscles of the head and neck|Pharynx |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。