| 释义 |
- Notes
- References
{{see also|Derby (disambiguation)}}A derby ({{IPAc-en|uk|ˈ|d|ɑːr|b|i}} {{respell|DAR|bee}}, {{IPAc-en|us|ˈ|d|ɜːr|b|i}} {{respell|DUR|bee}}) is a type of horse race named after the Derby Stakes run at Epsom Downs Racecourse in England.{{sfn|Reeves|1997|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=taIfkYgVCWIC&lpg=PA134&pg=PA134#v=onepage&q&f=false p.134]}} That was in turn named after Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby, who inaugurated the race in 1780.{{sfn|Vesey|2003|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=5YiIzxJT5o8C&lpg=RA1-PT110&pg=RA1-PT110#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 135]}} Perhaps the best-known example after the original is the Kentucky Derby in the United States.{{sfn|Freeman|1997|loc=[https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=dujiiVP2KJIC&pg=PA68&hl=en&ei=eL9tTPubFY6CvgPVkdz1Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 68]}}{{sfn|Schreifer|Sivell|1996|[https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=NhXkvhEQaCQC&lpg=SL11-PA1&pg=SL11-PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false p. K-1]}} Traditionally, the term "derby" is used strictly to refer to races restricted to three-year-olds,{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} as the English and U.S. Triple Crown races all are. The most notable exceptions to this rule are the Hong Kong Derby and Singapore Derby, restricted to four-year-old Thoroughbreds, and the Canadian Pacing Derby, an annual harness race for "aged pacers" (Standardbreds) four years old and up.{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} In Scandinavian harness racing Derby is restricted to four-year-olds. Exception is the Finnhorse Derby, which is restricted to five-year-olds. | Name | Place | Distance | Restrictions | First
race | Day | Notes |
|---|
| American Derby | Arlington Park, Arlington Heights, Illinois, USA[1] | 1+3/16|mi|m|comma=off}}[2] | | 1884[3] | | | Australian Derby (also known as AJC Derby) | Randwick Racecourse, Sydney | 2400|m|mi|comma=off|abbr=off|disp=br()}} | 3 yr olds | 1861 | Late March or early April | | Bangalore Derby[4] | | 2,400 metres | 4 yr olds & up | | | | | Epsom Derby (also known as The Derby, Derby Stakes and the English Derby) | Epsom Downs Racecourse, England | | ({{convert>1|mi|{{convert|4|furlong|ch|disp=output number only}}|ch|10|yd|m|comma=off|disp=out|abbr=off}})3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1780 | 1st Saturday in June[5] | | | French Derby (more often known as Prix du Jockey Club) | Chantilly Racecourse | 2100|m|mi furlong|2|comma=off|disp=br()}} | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1836 | Early June | | | German Derby (Deutsches Derby) | Horner Rennbahn, Hamburg | 2400|m|mi|abbr=off}} | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1869 | Early July | | | Hong Kong Derby | Sha Tin Racecourse | 2,000 metres | 4 yr olds | 1873 | mid March | | | Hungarian Derby (Magyar Derby) | Kincsem Park, Budapest | 2,400 metres | 3 yr olds | 1921 | Early July | | | Italian Derby (Derby Italiano) | Capannelle Racecourse | 2200 | | 1884 | | | | Indian Derby | Mahalaxmi Racecourse, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India | 2,400 metres | 4 yr olds | 1943 | 1st Sunday in Feb. | | | Irish Derby | The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland | 1+1/2|mi|km}} | 3 yr olds | 1866 | Last Sunday in June[6] | | | Kentucky Derby | Churchill Downs, Louisville, Kentucky, USA | 1+1/4|mi|km|0}} | 3 yr olds | 1875 | 1st Saturday in May | | | New Zealand Derby | Ellerslie Racecourse, Auckland | 2400|m|mi furlong|comma=off|disp=br()}} | 3yr olds | 1860 | 1st Saturday in March | | | Queensland Derby | Eagle Farm Racecourse, Brisbane | 2400|m|mi furlong|comma=off|disp=br()}} | 3yr olds | 1868 | June | | | Singapore Derby | Kranji Racecourse | 2,000 metres | 4 yr olds | 1880 | Mid July | | | Swedish Trotting Derby (Svenskt Travderby) | Jägersro Racetrack, Malmö | 2640|m|mi furlong|2|comma=off}} | 4yr olds | 1928 | 1st Sunday in September | Tokyo Yushun
Japanese Derby | Tokyo Racecourse | 2,400 metres | 3 yr olds colts and fillies | 1932 | late May or Early June | Currently the richest Derby. | | Victoria Derby | Flemington Racecourse | 2,500 metres | 3 yr olds | 1855 | | | | WATC Derby | Ascot Racecourse, Perth | 2,400 metres | 3yr olds | 1888 | New Years Day or nearby Saturday | | | Notes: 1. ^Location has varied
2. ^Distance has varied
3. ^Only run once between 1905 and 1925.
4. ^Sun Kingdom wins Bangalore Derby Retrieved 2011-2-6
5. ^Before 1995, 1st Wednesday in June
6. ^Current race date. Dates have varied over time, but have always been in late June or early July.
|
- Other
- American Classic Races
- British Classic Races
- French Classic Races
- Thoroughbred horse racing
- Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing
Notes{{reflist}}References- {{citation|last=Ashok |first=Kalyan |date=11 July 2010|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Bangalore/article510926.ece|title=Derby getting bigger and better |newspaper=The Hindu}}
- {{citation |last=Freeman |first=Morton S. |year=1997 |title=A new dictionary of eponyms |edition=Illustrated
|publisher=Oxford University Press US |isbn=0-19-509354-2}}- {{citation |last=Reeves |first=Richard Stone |year=1997 |title=Crown jewels of thoroughbred racing: original paintings|edition=Illustrated |publisher=Eclipse Press |isbn=0-939049-90-2}}
- {{citation |last=Schreifer |first=Kirk |last2=Sivell |first2=John |year=1996 |title=America From Apple Pie To Ziegfeld Follies Book One: People |volume= 1 |edition=Illustrated |publisher=Full Blast Productions |isbn=1-895451-17-5}}
- {{citation|last=Vesey |first=Barbara |year=2003 |title=The Hidden Places of East Anglia: Including Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire|publisher=Travel Publishing|edition=7|isbn=1-902007-91-3}}
{{Set index article|sports}} 2 : Horse races|High society |