| 词条 | Miniopterus |
| 释义 |
| image = Miniopterus schreibersii dasythrix.jpg | image_caption = Common bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersi) | parent_authority = Dobson, 1875 | taxon = Miniopterus | authority = Bonaparte, 1837 | display_parents = 2 |subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text }} Miniopterus, known as the bent-winged or long winged bats, is the sole genus of the family Miniopteridae. They are small flying insectivorous mammals, micro-bats of the order Chiroptera, with wings over twice the length of the body. The genus had been placed in its own subfamily among the vespertilionid bats, as Miniopterinae, but is now classified as its own family. MorphologyBent-winged bats are typically small (total length c. 10 cm, wingspans 30–35 cm, mass less than 20 g), with broad, short muzzles. The cranium is bulbous and taller than the snout, a feature shared with woolly bats and mouse-eared bats. This combination of features was likely present in the common ancestor of the vesper bats. They have two tiny, vestigial premolars between the upper canines and first large premolar. Unlike other bats, they lack a tendon-locking mechanism in their toes. The common name of bent-winged bat refers to the group's ability to fold back their extra-long third finger when the wings are folded. This finger gives the bats long, narrow wings.[1] The proportional length of the wing is around two and a half times that of the body and head.[2] Research applicationsIn 2017, evidence of deltaretroviruses was found in the genome of the Miniopteridae.[3] Deltaretroviruses only affect mammals, and this was the first evidence that they affected bat species.[3] The presence of the deltaretrovirus in multiple Miniopterid species suggests that the virus was present in the family before speciation 20 million years ago.[3] The evolutionary history of deltaretroviruses is important because they cause leukemia in humans. ClassificationFamily Miniopteridae
RangeBent-winged bats occur in southern Europe, across Africa and Madagascar, throughout Asia, and in Australia, Vanuatu and New Caledonia. One species, the common bent-wing bat, inhabits the whole of this range.[1] The group rapidly colonized much of this area in the last 15,000 years. See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite journal|title = Bent-winged bats: wide ranges, very weird wings (vesper bats part III)|journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume = 31|issue = 2|pages = 431–439|url = http://scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2011/03/19/bent-winged-bats/|accessdate = 2015-05-07|doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2003.08.017|pmid = 15062785|year = 2004|last1 = Appleton|first1 = B.R.|last2 = McKenzie|first2 = J.A.|last3 = Christidis|first3 = L.}} 2. ^{{cite book|section=42. Vespertilionidae |last1=Hall|first1=L.S. |last2= Woodside |first2=D.P.|title=Fauna of Australia. |date=1989 |publisher=Australian Govt. Pub. Service |location=Canberra |isbn=9780644060561 |url=https://www.environment.gov.au/science/abrs/publications/fauna-of-australia/fauna-1b}} 3. ^1 2 Farkašová, H., Hron, T., Pačes, J., Hulva, P., Benda, P., Gifford, R. J., & Elleder, D. (2017). Discovery of an endogenous Deltaretrovirus in the genome of long-fingered bats (Chiroptera: Miniopteridae). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201621224. 4. ^{{cite journal |author1=Monadjem, A. |author2=Goodman, S.M. |author3=Stanley, W.T. |author4=Appleton, B. |year=2013 |title=A cryptic new species of Miniopterus from south-eastern Africa based on molecular and morphological characters |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3746 |issue=1 |pages=123–142 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3746.1.5|hdl=2263/58374 }}
3 : Miniopteridae|Bat genera|Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。