| 词条 | Mini Transat 6.50 |
| 释义 |
| name = Mini Transat 6.50 | logo = | alt = | caption = | formerly = | replaced = | founded =1977 | organizer = | classes = Classe Mini proto, Classe Mini série | start = Douarnenez | finish = Pointe-à-Pitre | venue = | type = single-handed offshore race | length = {{convert|4020|nmi}} | competitors = 72 (2015) | folded = | champions = Benoît Marie (proto) Aymeric Belloir (série) | most_champs = | qualification = | website = {{URL|minitransat-ilesdeguadeloupe.fr}} | footnotes = }}Mini Transat 6.50 also known as Transat 650 is a solo transatlantic yacht race, and associated Classe Mini class, that (typically) starts in France and ends in Le Marin bay, Martinique in the Caribbean (previously Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)[1]. The race covers over 4,000 miles with a stop in the Madeira or the Canary Islands. The yachts are very small considering the scope of the race, and are sanctioned by the Miniclasse 6.5 organization and material specifications, which make the mini Transat 650 boat an open design.[2] The race runs on odd-numbered years, and was most recently completed in 2017. Sailors had to qualify by covering one of two specified 1,000 mile courses along with having 1,500 miles of ocean racing experience, much of it solo. 6.50 ClassFor its intended use, racing across the Atlantic Ocean, the Mini 6.50 is very short and beamy, being nearly half as wide as it is long. Its width carries to the stern, providing sufficient stability that the boats can plane as a fast motorboat does: Minis are capable of sailing as fast as 25 knots. They typically have two connected rudders and a narrow steel or iron fin keel with a lead bulb at the end, with a mast height typically twice the Mini's length. They also have a retractable bowsprit that extends a spinnaker-genoa "kite" two or more meters beyond the bow. Minis must be self-righting when capsized, and this is tested by pushing the end of the mast under water with the vessel's hatches open; this design avoids the possibility of turtling. There are two divisions: production and prototype. Production boats use approved designs and comparatively conservative materials.[3] The prototype division is more liberal with respect to dimensions, such as keel depth and mast height, and it allows for advanced technology such as "canting" keels and carbon-fibre masts. The prototype class is approximately 7% faster. By far, the most successful mini design is the commercially produced Pogo 2 designed by Jean-Marie Finot of Groupe Finot (now Finot-Conq) in 1995. In 2010, California's Open Sailing USA[4] began building the Pogo 2, under license, giving hope for substantial mini racing in the Western Hemisphere. Though considered "accessible" as an ocean racing class, a used Pogo 2 costs upwards of $97,000. European prices, as of 2018, for a used Pogo 2, starting at 20-25,000 Euro. Race cultureThere are no prizes and the Mini Transat is not necessarily considered a race for the win. Sailors are competitive yet mutually-supportive during training and preparations, they tend to be closely grouped during the race, and a race completion is seen as a personal or national victory that comes with intangible rewards. Non-completion means, at very least, loss of the mini. The race is considered dangerous and there was a drowning during the first leg of the 2009 race. Racers typically sleep only 20 minutes at a time and rely on computerized autopilot systems to keep the craft on course while they sleep. The class is considered an incubator for professional ocean racing as a proving ground for sailing skills, as well as a test platform for larger ocean classes such as the Open 60. Other than the single-handed transatlantic crossing, there are a good many other races held for the class. In-between years see double-handed events, such as the Mini Fastnet, Mini Barcelona, Select 650 and Open Demi-Cle. The Transat years incorporate more single-handed events. HistoryBob Salmon developed the idea of a mini-transatlantic race in the late 1970s in England with the intent of promoting affordable offshore solo racing. It was partially conceived as a response to the trend for bigger and more expensive boats such as sailed in the OSTAR race that seemed to exclude ocean racing for sailors with moderate budgets. The first Mini Transat started from the Penzance Sailing Club in 1977 and races have since run bi-annually on odd numbered years. There was a move to Brest, France in 1985, and since then, it has started at various locations in France, such as Brittany, La Rochelle or Charente-Maritime, with a stop in the Canary Islands or Madeira ending in the West Indies or Brazil. CriticismThe race is described as "mad" as the individual isolation causes predictable problems in combination with the hazards of solo ocean travel in small high-performance sailing vessels. In response, Classemini has created rigorous trials, equipment, and inspection requirements to add sanity to the race. Also, it might be said that the division within the class, production vs. prototype, unnecessarily divides the race. The mini Transat remains a largely French race with only about 30% non-French racers. Another criticism is that the race is admitted to be a "test bed" for mechanisms to be used on bigger and far more expensive open classes. Reason for concern is that the race is potentially so dangerous, with one racer drowning in 2009, and many more in the past.{{Vague|date=October 2014}} On the other hand, David Raison's Mini introduces a whole new hull shape with its 2011 victory, which may, in fact, revolutionize open ocean racing if not sailing altogether[5]{{efn-ua|The Magnum begat an even more radical 'semi-flying' scow that uses a host of design tricks, including wings/foils and a telescopic canting keel, a retractable bowsprit and an Asymmetrical spinnaker, has been designed in France.[6]}}; and the 2011 race suffered no casualties. ReferencesNotes1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.minitransat.fr/en/mini-transat-2017/historique|title=Historique {{!}} Mini-Transat La Boulangère|website=www.minitransat.fr|language=en|access-date=2018-07-28}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.classemini.com | title = Miniclasse 6.5 organization}} The Miniclasse 6.50 closely monitors the craft but applies minimal design restrictions, such as length (6.5m), beam (3.0m), draft (approximately 2.0m){{cite web | url =http://www.minitransat650.com/html/design.html | title = Mini 6.50 class rules}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Class Rules|url=http://www.classemini.com/?mode=jauge-classe-mini}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Open Sailing USA|url=http://www.opensailingusa.com}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.voilesetvoiliers.com/les-videos/video-voile-mini-650-magnum-david-raison-scow/ |title=Vidéo à la Hune |first1=David |last1=Raison |language=French |format=Video |date=November 18, 2010 |accessdate=March 5, 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailysail.com/offshore/15/68383/0/simon-kosters-semi-foiling-mini-scow |title=The semi-flying Mini scow |quote=We look at Simon Koster's new weapon, penned by Michel Desjoyeaux's design firm Mer Forte |date=September 19, 2015 |first1=James |last1=Boyd |location=France |work=The Daily Sail|accessdate=March 5, 2016}} Citations{{Reflist}}External links{{commons category|Mini 6.50}}
6 : Recurring events established in 1977|Sailing competitions in Brazil|Sailing competitions in France|Single-handed sailing competitions|Yachting races|Transatlantic sailing competitions |
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