| 词条 | Derick Heathcoat-Amory, 1st Viscount Amory |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |name = The Viscount Amory |honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KG|GCMG|TD|PC|DL}} {{postnominals|size=100%|country=CAN|OD}} |image = Derick Heathcoat-Amory in 1952.jpg |office = Chancellor of the Exchequer |term_start = 6 January 1958 |term_end = 27 July 1960 |primeminister = Harold Macmillan |predecessor = Peter Thorneycroft |successor = Selwyn Lloyd |office1 = Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food |term_start1 = 28 July 1954 |term_end1 = 6 January 1958 |primeminister1 = Winston Churchill Anthony Eden Harold Macmillan |predecessor1 = Thomas Dugdale |successor1 = John Hare |office2 = Minister of State for Trade |term_start2 = 3 September 1953 |term_end2 = 28 July 1954 |primeminister2 = Winston Churchill |predecessor2 = Office Created |successor2 = Derek Walker-Smith |office3 = Minister of Pensions |term_start3 = 5 November 1951 |term_end3 = 3 September 1953 |primeminister3 = Winston Churchill |predecessor3 = George Isaacs |successor3 = Osbert Peake |constituency_MP4 = Tiverton |term_start4 = 5 July 1945 |term_end4 = 1 September 1960 |predecessor4 = Gilbert Acland-Troyte |successor4 = Robin Maxwell-Hyslop |birth_date = {{birth date|1899|12|26|df=y}} |birth_place = Mayfair, London |death_date = {{death date and age|1981|01|20|1899|12|26|df=y}} |death_place = Devon, UK |party = Conservative Party |alma_mater = Christ Church, Oxford | module = {{Infobox military person | embed=yes |nickname= |allegiance= {{flag|United Kingdom}} |branch= {{army|United Kingdom}} |serviceyears= 1920–1948 |rank= Lieutenant-Colonel |unit= |commands= |battles=Second World War |awards= |relations= }} Derick Heathcoat-Amory, 1st Viscount Amory, {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|KG|GCMG|TD|PC|DL}}, {{postnominals|size=100%|country=CAN|OD}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|eɪ|m|ər|i}} {{respell|AY|mər|ee}};[1] 26 December 1899 – 20 January 1981) was a British Conservative politician and member of the House of Lords. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1958 and 1960, and later as Chancellor of the University of Exeter from 1972 until his death in 1981. Background and educationBorn in London, the son of Sir Ian Heathcoat-Amory, 2nd Baronet (see Heathcoat-Amory baronets) and Alexandra Georgina (OBE; who d. 1942), eldest daughter of Vice-Admiral Henry Seymour CB (brother of Francis, 5th Marquess of Hertford GCB). He was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford, receiving an MA degree.[2] His great-nephews include the Rt Hon David Heathcoat-Amory and Sir Ian Heathcoat-Amory, 6th and present baronet.[3] A great-aunt was the sculptress, Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Countess von Gleichen. CareerHeathcoat-Amory was elected a Devon County Councillor in 1932 and worked in textile manufacturing and banking. He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 11th (Devonshire) Brigade of the Royal Artillery (Territorial Army) on 31 July 1920, promoted to lieutenant in the 96th (Royal Devonshire Yeomanry) Field Brigade on 31 July 1922 and promoted to captain on 1 September 1926.[4][5][6] He was promoted to major on 1 October 1935.[7] During the Second World War, he was wounded and captured during Operation Market-Garden. He retired on 1 September 1948 with the honorary rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.[3][8] He was elected Member of Parliament for Tiverton in 1945 (a constituency previously held by his grandfather Sir John Heathcoat-Amory, 1st Baronet).[9] When the Conservatives came to power under Winston Churchill in 1951 he was appointed Minister of Pensions. In September 1953 he was appointed Minister of State for Trade. He joined Churchill's Cabinet in July 1954 succeeding Sir Thomas Dugdale as Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries (continuing his responsibilities as Minister of State for Trade). In October 1954 these ministries merged under Heathcoat-Amory's leadership. The Hon. Gwilym Lloyd George later Viscount Tenby had previously been charged with Food ministerial affairs. He remained in this post until being appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1958, by Harold Macmillan, an office he held until 1960. A highlight of Amory's chancellorship was the raising of Bank Rate to 6% in June 1960, in an effort to cool the economy after the election the previous autumn.[10] He stood down from the House of Commons in 1960 and was raised to the peerage as Viscount Amory, of Tiverton in the County of Devon, on 1 September of that year.[11] From 1965 to 1970, he was Governor (Company Chairman) of the Hudson's Bay Company, North America's oldest company (established by English royal charter in 1670). Viscount Amory was sworn of the Privy Council in 1953, appointed GCMG in 1961 and KG in 1968.[12] He also received the degree of Hon. LLD (Exon) in 1959, before serving as Chancellor of Exeter University from 1972 to 1981. Personal lifeHeathcoat-Amory was an accomplished sailor, who famously had his yacht brought up the Thames to take him away after making Budget speeches when Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Civil Service Sailing Association[13] continues to award annually The Heathcoat Amory Trophy (donated by Viscount Amory) for outstanding sailing achievements by its members. In 1972, Lord Amory succeeded his brother in the family baronetcy; he died unmarried in January 1981, aged 81. The viscountcy became extinct upon his death and his younger brother succeeded him as Sir William Heathcoat-Amory, 5th Baronet, DSO. National honours
See also
References1. ^G.M. Miller, BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names (Oxford UP, 1971), p. 5. 2. ^thepeerage.com Derick Heathcoat-Amory, 1st and last Viscount Amory 3. ^1 www.burkespeerage.com 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=32023 |supp=y|page=8561|date=17 August 1920}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=32750|page=6843|date=26 September 1922}} 6. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33228|page=8103|date=10 December 1926}} 7. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34207|page=6378|date=11 October 1935}} 8. ^{{London Gazette|issue=39151 |supp=y|page=910|date=16 February 1951}} 9. ^leighrayment.com House of Commons: Tipperary South to Tyrone West 10. ^Dell 1997, p256 11. ^{{London Gazette |issue=42133 |date=2 September 1960 |page=6019 }} 12. ^{{London Gazette |issue=44571 |date=23 April 1968 |page=4645 }} 13. ^www.cs-sailing.org Further reading
External links
| years = 1945–1960}}{{s-aft| after = Robin Maxwell-Hyslop}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef| before = George Isaacs}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of Pensions | years = 1951–1953}}{{s-aft| after = Osbert Peake }}{{s-non| reason = New office}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of State for Trade | years = 1953–1957}}{{s-aft| after = Derek Walker-Smith }}{{s-bef| before = Sir Thomas Dugdale, Bt}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries | years = 1954}}{{s-aft| after = merged | as = Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food }}{{s-bef| before = merged | as = Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries }}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food | years = 1954–1958 | rows = 2 }}{{s-aft| after = Hon. John Hare | rows = 2 }}{{s-bef| before = Hon. Gwilym Lloyd George | as = Minister of Food }}{{s-bef| before = Peter Thorneycroft}}{{s-ttl| title = Chancellor of the Exchequer | years = 1958–1960}}{{s-aft| after = Selwyn Lloyd }}{{s-aca}}{{s-bef| before = Mary, Duchess of Devonshire}}{{s-ttl| title = Chancellor of the University of Exeter | | years = 1972–1981}}{{s-aft| after = Sir Rex Richards}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl| title = Viscount Amory | years = 1960–1981}}{{s-non| reason = Extinct}}{{s-reg|uk-bt}}{{s-bef| before = Sir John Heathcoat-Amory}}{{s-ttl| title = Baronet (of Knightshayes Court) | years = 1972–1981}}{{s-aft| after = Sir William Heathcoat-Amory}}{{s-end}}{{Chancellor of the Exchequer}}{{Third Churchill Ministry}}{{Secretary of State for Work and Pensions}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Amory, Derick Heathcoat-Amory, 1st Viscount}} 25 : 1899 births|1981 deaths|People educated at Eton College|Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford|Royal Artillery officers|British Army personnel of World War II|Chancellors of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom|Agriculture ministers of the United Kingdom|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|UK MPs 1945–50|UK MPs 1950–51|UK MPs 1951–55|UK MPs 1955–59|UK MPs 1959–64|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Devon|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Deputy Lieutenants|Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers|Councillors in South West England|Chancellors of the University of Exeter|Governors of the Hudson's Bay Company|Knights of the Garter|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George|Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom|Viscounts in the Peerage of the United Kingdom |
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