| 词条 | Minoo Masani |
| 释义 |
| name = Minoo Masani | image = | caption = | birth_name = Minocher Rustom Masani | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1905|11|20}} | birth_place = Bombay, Bombay Presidency, British India | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1998|05|27|1905|11|20}} | death_place = Mumbai, India | occupation = Politician, writer | known_for = Promotion of liberal economy }}{{socialism sidebar}}Minocher Rustom "Minoo" Masani (20 November 1905 – 27 May 1998) was an Indian politician, a leading figure of the erstwhile Swatantra Party. He was a three-time Member of Parliament, representing Gujarat's Rajkot constituency in the second, third and fourth Lok Sabha. A Parsi, he was among the founders of the Indian Liberal Group think tank that promoted classical liberalism.[1] Masani was educated in Bombay before he moved to London where he studied at the London School of Economics[2] and he obtained his bachelor's degree in law before training as a barrister at the Lincoln's Inn in 1928.[3] He began practice as an advocate at the Bombay High Court in 1929 before joining the Indian independence movement the following year, during the civil disobedience campaign. He was arrested several times by British for his participation in the movement. He was in the Nashik jail in 1930, when Jayaprakash Narayan came in contact with him and together they launched the Congress Socialist Party in 1934. Masani was a close friend of Jawaharlal Nehru.[4] He served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India, representing the Indian National Congress. He introduced the proposal for a uniform civil code to be included in the Constitution of India in 1947, which was rejected.[5] After Stalin's Great Purge and takeover of Eastern Europe, Masani moved away from Socialism and became a supporter of free market economics. Post-independence, Masani's political convictions propelled him to support "democratic socialism" in India as it "avoided monopoly, private or public."[6] His public life began in the Bombay Municipal Corporation, where he was elected as Mayor in 1943. He also became a member of the Indian Legislative Assembly.[6] In August 1960, he along with C. Rajagopalachari and N. G. Ranga formed the Swatantra Party, while international Communism was at its peak. He was one of the few politicians who opposed the nationalisation of banks by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.[6] While Swatantra was India's single-largest opposition party in Parliament, Masani often initiated debate on finance bills and forced the Congress government to work rigorously. A collection of his speeches was published as Congress Misrule and Swatantra Alternative. He died, aged 92, in his home at Breach Candy, Mumbai. His funeral was held at Chandanwadi.[7] WorksMasani was also an author and has written many books. His first book, Our India, was a best seller and even a prescribed text book in pre-independence India.[8]
Bibliography
References1. ^{{cite book | editor=Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung | title=Liberal priorities for India in the 21st century | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQkNAQAAMAAJ | accessdate=27 May 2013 | year=1999 | publisher=Project for Economic Education | page = 18 }} 2. ^{{cite book|author=Vincent Barnett|title=Routledge Handbook of the History of Global Economic Thought|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sm5eBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT572|date=27 August 2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-64411-8|pages=572–}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Reed|first1=Stanley|authorlink1=Stanley Reed (British politician)|title=The Indian And Pakistan Year Book And Who's Who 1950|date=1950|publisher=Bennett Coleman and Co. Ltd.|page=712|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.15206|accessdate=24 February 2018}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=The Book on Trial: Fundamentalism and Censorship in India By Girja Kumar|year=1997|pages=453|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n-KUICFfA00C&pg=PA453&lpg=PA453&dq=minoo+masani&source=bl&ots=p_OhnRRm-S&sig=WyWVp3IKqNytkr9q3QhEn22Jkcs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WwkRUIW2FIWyrAeDmIHoBw&ved=0CDcQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=minoo%20masani&f=false}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Gender and Community: Muslim Women's Rights in India By Vrinda Narain|year=2001|pages=57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TxBEQpqFy7cC&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57&dq=minoo+masani&source=bl&ots=UGu8wGyQgY&sig=OWWce7t8IznP_8CBsk73Ts6t49U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NwURUJSQGJGzrAfT6oD4Dg&ved=0CGEQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=minoo%20masani&f=false}} 6. ^1 2 The Indian Express dated Thursday, 8 April 1948, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GsA-AAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZUwMAAAAIBAJ&dq=industrial%20policy%20free%20enterprise&pg=2061%2C756877 Advance Towards Democratic Socialism] online 7. ^{{cite news|title=Minoo Masani dead|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/may/27misani.htm|accessdate=24 February 2018|work=Rediff.com|date=27 May 1998}} 8. ^ External links
27 : 1905 births|1998 deaths|Indian anti-communists|Parsi people from Mumbai|Members of Central Legislative Assembly of India|2nd Lok Sabha members|3rd Lok Sabha members|4th Lok Sabha members|Indian classical liberals|Indian libertarians|English-language writers from India|Members of the Constituent Assembly of India|Prisoners and detainees of British India|Indian independence activists from Gujarat|Swatantra Party politicians|Lok Sabha members from Gujarat|Indian barristers|20th-century Indian lawyers|Indian legal writers|Writers from Gujarat|20th-century Indian non-fiction writers|Politicians from Mumbai|Scholars from Mumbai|Writers from Mumbai|Lok Sabha members from Bihar|Politicians from Ranchi|Alumni of the London School of Economics |
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