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词条 Minya Governorate
释义

  1. Etymology

  2. Overview

  3. Municipal divisions

  4. Cities and towns

  5. Population

  6. History

     Ancient Egyptian period  Greco-Roman period  Byzantine period  Arab period  Modern history 

  7. Projects

  8. National holiday

  9. Industrial zones

  10. Agriculture and industry

  11. Important sites

  12. Monasteries in the Minya Governorate

  13. Notable people

  14. Statistics

  15. See also

  16. Sources

  17. References

  18. External links

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Minya Governorate


| settlement_type = Governorate
| image_flag = Flag of Minya Governorate.jpg
| flag_size = 120px
| image_blank_emblem = Coat of arms of Minya Govenorate.JPG
| blank_emblem_size = {{ifempty| |75px}}
| image_map = Minya in Egypt.svg
| map_caption = Minya Governorate on the map of Egypt
| coordinates = {{coord|28.11|N|30.11|E|region:EG|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{EGY}}
| seat = {{#ifexist:Minya (capital)|Minya (capital)|Minya (capital) }}
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Essam El Badawy[1]
| government_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 32,279
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 5807000[2]
| population_as_of = March 2019
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = EET
| utc_offset1 = +2
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| blank_name_sec1 = {{#if: |GDP/ Nominal}}
| blank_info_sec1 = {{#if: |€ {{{GDP}}} billion ({{{GDP_year}}}){{{GDP_ref}}}}}
| blank1_name_sec1 = {{#if: |GDP per capita}}
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{#if: |€ {{{GDP_per_capita}}} ({{{GDP_cap_year}}}){{{GDP_cap_ref}}}}}
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://www.minia.gov.eg
| iso_code =
| calling_code = 61111
| footnotes =
| official_name =
| University = Minya University
}}Minya Governorate ({{lang-ar|محافظة المنيا}} {{transl|arz|Muḥāfẓet El Minya}}) is one of the governorates of Upper Egypt. Its capital city, Minya, is located on the left bank of the Nile River.[3]

Etymology

The name originates from the chief city of the governorate, originally known in Sahidic Coptic as Tmoone and in Bohairic as Thmonē, meaning “the residence”, in reference to a monastery formerly in the area. The name may also originate from the city's name in Egyptian Men'at Khufu.

Overview

The rate of poverty is more than 60% in this governorate, where the total population is nearly 6 million. Recently the government has provided some assistance via social safety networks, specifically, some financial assistance to residents with disabilities, and job opportunities for them and others. The funding has been coordinated by the country's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organizations.[4]

Municipal divisions

The governorate is divided into municipal divisions with a total estimated population as of March 2019 of 5,807,919. In the case of Minya governorate, there are a number of aqsam and marakiz, and a new city. Sometimes a markaz and a kism share a name.[5][6]

Municipal Divisions

Anglicized name Native name Arabic transliteration Population
(July 2017 Est.)		 Type
Abu Qirqas{{lang|ar| مركز ابو قرقاص }} ar| Abū Qurqās }} 604,773 Markaz
El Idwa{{lang|ar| مركز العدوة }} ar| Al-'Idwah }} 281,729 Markaz
Minya {{lang|ar| مركز المنيا }} ar| Al-Minyā }} 679,821 Markaz
Minya 1 {{lang|ar| قسم أول المنيا }} ar| Al-Minyā 1 }}46,999 Kism (fully urban)
Minya 2 {{lang|ar|قسم ثان المنيا}} ar| Al-Minyā 2 }}108,689 Kism (fully urban)
Minya 3 {{lang|ar|قسم ثالث المنيا}} ar| Al-Minyā 3 }}89,790 Kism (fully urban)
Beni Mazar {{lang|ar|مركز بنى مزار }} ar| Banī Mazār }}639,122 Markaz
Deir Mawas {{lang|ar| مركز دير مواس }} ar| Dayr Mawās }}412,089 Markaz
New Minya {{lang|ar|مدينة المنيا الجديدة }} ar| Madīnat al-Minyā al-Jadīdah}} 15,122 New City
Maghagha{{lang|ar| مركز مغاغة }} ar| Maghāghah }} 596,474 Markaz
Malawit Gharb {{lang|ar| مركز سمالوط غرب }} ar| Malawiṭ Gharb }} 488,482 Markaz
Mallawi {{lang|ar| قسم ملوى }} ar| Mallawī }} 184,048 Kism (fully urban)
Mallawi{{lang|ar| مركز ملوى}} ar| Mallawī }} 748,372 Markaz
Matai{{lang|ar| مركز مطاى }} ar| Maṭāy }}319,592 Markaz
Samalut{{lang|ar| مركز سمالوط }} ar| Samālūṭ }} 311,817 Markaz

Cities and towns

As of 2018, 10 cities (or towns) in Minya had a population of over 15,000 inhabitants.[7]

Cities and towns with over 15,000 inhabitants

English name Native name Arabic transliteration Nov. 1996 Census Nov. 2006 Census Population
(July 2017 Est.)
Abu Qirqas {{lang|ar| أبو قرقاس}}ar|Abū Qurqās}}50,03157,89278,134
El Idwa {{lang|ar|العدوه}}ar| Al-'Idwah}}13,55315,87522,583
Minya {{lang|ar|المنيا}}ar|Al-Minyā}}201,440236,043245,478
New Minya {{lang|ar|المنيا الجديدة}}ar|Al-Minyā al-Jadīdah}}684,56715,122
Beni Mazar {{lang|ar|بنى مزار}}ar|Banī Mazār}}52,69079,553100,201
Deir Mawas {{lang|ar| دير مواس}}ar|Dayr Mawās}}33,19740,64052,658
Maghagha {{lang|ar|مغاغ}}ar|Maghāghah}}60,40575,657102,328
Mallawi {{lang|ar|ملوى}}ar|Mallawī}}119,285139,929184,048
Matai {{lang|ar|ماتاى }}ar|Maṭāy }}36,95346,90371,263
Samalut {{lang|ar|سمالوط}}ar|Samālūṭ}}75,43791,475122,919

Population

According to population estimates from 2015 the majority of residents in the governorate live in rural areas, with an urbanization rate of only 18.9%. Out of an estimated 5,566,702 people residing in the governorate, 4,683,284 people live in rural areas as opposed to only 979,418 in urban areas.[8]

History

{{Unsourced section|date=February 2019}}{{Original research|section|date=February 2019}}

Little is known today about Minya Governorate{{opinion|date=February 2019}} compared to its great wealth{{peacock-inline|date=February 2019}} of archaeological sites. Its history, including Ancient Egyptian, Hellenistic, Roman and Arab periods, has not yet received the full attention of scholars.{{fact or opinion|date=February 2019}}

Ancient Egyptian period

Dehnet, Fraser Tombs, Sharuna, and Zawyet el-Maiyitin comprise monuments dating back to the Old Kingdom.

The village of Bani Hasan al Shurruq houses 390 rock-cut decorated tombs and chapels from the Middle Kingdom (2000–1580 BC, especially the sixteenth dynasty). The Speos Artemidos is nearby, and hosts temples built by Queen Hatshepsut.

Akhetaten was built by Pharaoh Akhenaten and dedicated to the god Aten. Akhenaten lived there in isolation with his wife, Nefertiti, and daughters, devoting himself to the monotheistic religion that he preached. The glorious remains of the palaces, temples and tombs still exist today.{{when|date=February 2019}}

Other significant archaeological sites in the governorate of Minya include Deir Abu Hinis, Deir el-Bersha, El-Sheikh Sa'id, and Tuna el-Gebel.

Greco-Roman period

El Ashmunein (Hermopolis Magna) was the capital of the region during this period. It was the main center of worship of the god Thoth. Today, the ruins of a Greek temple, similar to the Parthenon, can be still found.

The tomb and chapel of Petosiris are found near the modern village of Tuna el-Gebel.

Antinopolis was built in 130 A.D. by the Roman emperor Hadrian in memory of his favorite cup-bearer Antinous.

Byzantine period

The Monastery of the Virgin Mary at Gebel el-Teir is an important Christian site near the city of Samalut. Its church was built by Empress Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, in 328, on one of the sites where the Holy Family is believed to have stayed during its Flight into Egypt.

Oxyrhynchus was an important administrative center during the Hellenistic Period, and remains an important archaeological source for papyri from the Byzantine Egypt.

Arab period

Maghagha hosts the mosque of the famous Muslim Zayid ibn al Mugharah.

Modern history

Today, Minya Governorate has the highest concentration of Coptic Christians of 50% of the total population.{{Ambiguous|reason=50% of which population? Is it saying that 50% Of Copts in Egypt live in the Minya Governorate, or is it saying that 50% of people in Minya Governorate identify as Coptic Christians?|date=February 2019}} There are also a number of active monasteries in the region.

In 2018, a Coptic cathedral was consecrated by Pope Tawadros II in the small village of Al Ur, near Samalut. The new cathedral was dedicated to the 21 Coptic Martyrs of Libya, thirteen of whom were from Al Ur.[9]

Projects

In 1981, the Basic Village Service Program (BVS) of USAID, had several water, and road projects, going on in several markazes in the Minya Governorate.[10]

In 2013, The United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security helped farmers in Minya by doing consultation work with them and taking soil samples.[11]

National holiday

The national holiday of the Minya governorate is on 18 March. It commemorates those who were executed by the British at Deir Mawas on 18 March 1919.

Industrial zones

According to the Egyptian Governing Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI), in affiliation with the Ministry of Investment (MOI), the following industrial zones are located in this governorate:[12]

  • Al Matahra, east of the Nile
  • Heavy industrial zone - Wadi el Sararyah
  • New Minya

Agriculture and industry

Minya Governorate is an important agricultural and industrial region. Among its principal crops are sugarcane, cotton, beans, soybeans, garlic, onions, vegetables of various sorts, tomatoes, potatoes, watermelons, and grapes. Among the leading local industries are food processing (especially sugar and the drying and grinding of onions), spinning and weaving of cotton, perfumes, oils and fats, cement-making, quarrying (especially limestone), and brick-making.[13]

Important sites

  • Akhetaten (Amarna)
  • Dehenet (Akoris or Tihna el-Gebel)
  • Ansena (Antinopolis or Sheikh Ibada)
  • Beni Hasan
  • Deir el-Bersha
  • el-Sheikh Sa'id
  • Fraser Tombs
  • Hatnub
  • Hebenu (Kom el-Ahmar)
  • Herwer (Hur)
  • Khmun (Hermopolis Magna or el-Ashmunein)
  • Per Medjed (Oxyrhynchus or el-Bahnasa)
  • Sharuna (el-Kom el-Ahmar Sawaris)
  • Speos Artemidos (Istabl Antar)
  • Tuna el-Gebel
  • Zawyet el-Maiyitin

Monasteries in the Minya Governorate

  • Monastery of Saint Fana, near Mallawi

Notable people

  • Abdel Hakim Amer, military general
  • Akhenaten, Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty
  • Hakim, folkloric singer
  • Hoda Shaarawi, female activist
  • Khufu, second Pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty
  • Louis Awad, writer and intellectual
  • Maria al-Qibtiyya, wife of Muhammad
  • Sanaa Gamil, actress
  • Suzanne Mubarak, the former first lady of Egypt
  • Taha Hussein, writer and intellectual
  • Mervat Amin, artist
  • Ahmed Hassan, leader of Egyptian Football Team

Statistics

  • Total area: 32,279 km².
  • Percentage to total area of Egypt: 3.2%.
  • Population: around 5.8 million
  • Population density: 115 people/km²
  • Rural population:
  • Percentage to the whole population of Egypt: 5.1%
  • Population growth rate:
  • Minya Governorate administrative divisions: 9 localities, 57 local administrative units, 346 small villages, and 1,429 tiny villages.

See also

  • 2016 Minya pogrom

Sources

  • The Egyptian Tourist Authority, - ETA.

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-governors/egypt-names-six-provincial-governors-mostly-ex-generals-idUSKCN11D285|title=رسمياً.. المحافظون الجدد ونوابهم يؤدون اليمين الدستورية أمام الرئيس|work=Almasry Alyoum|language=Arabic|date=30 August 2018|access-date=2018-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831211714/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-governors/egypt-names-six-provincial-governors-mostly-ex-generals-idUSKCN11D285#|archive-date=2018-08-31|dead-url=no|df=}}
2. ^{{cite web |title=Population Estimates By Governorate ( Urban /Rural ) 1/1/2018 |url=https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/StaticPages.aspx?page_id=5035 |website=www.capmas.gov.eg |accessdate=10 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102023819/https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/StaticPages.aspx?page_id=5035# |archive-date=2018-11-02 |dead-url=no |df= }}
3. ^{{cite book|title=Merriam Webster's Geographical Dictionary|publisher=Merriam Webster|page=354|edition=Third}}
4. ^{{cite news |title=Social Solidarity Ministry to provide citizens with disabilities financial support |url=https://ww.egyptindependent.com/social-solidarity-ministry-financial-support/ |accessdate=11 December 2018 |work=Egypt Independent |date=25 July 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web |title=Minya Governorate Subdivisions |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/egypt-admin.php?adm1id=24 |website=CityPopulation.de |access-date=2018-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428024459/http://citypopulation.de/php/egypt-admin.php?adm1id=24# |archive-date=2018-04-28 |dead-url=no |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web |title=Markazes of Egypt |url=http://statoids.com/yeg.html |website=statoids.com |publisher=Gwillim Law |accessdate=26 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019030709/http://statoids.com/yeg.html# |archive-date=2017-10-19 |dead-url=no |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web|title=Cities|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt-Cities.html|website=CityPopulation.de|access-date=2018-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005162557/http://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt-Cities.html#|archive-date=2018-10-05|dead-url=no|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Population Estimates By Sex & Governorate 1/1/2015|url=http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf|website=CAPMAS|accessdate=23 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019093240/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf#|archive-date=2015-10-19|dead-url=no|df=}}
9. ^{{cite news |last1=Darg |first1=Christine |title=New Egyptian Cathedral for 21 Martyrs |url=https://jerusalemchannel.tv/2018/02/18/new-egyptian-cathedral-21-martyrs/ |accessdate=16 February 2019 |work=Jerusalem Channel |date=18 February 2018}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Egypt: The Basic Village Services Program|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf|website=USAID|accessdate=19 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019144503/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf#|archive-date=2016-10-19|dead-url=no|df=}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=UN Beneficiary Stories by UNIDO|url=https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/HSU/Outreach/Egypt/Beneficiary%20Stories%20UNIDO.pdf|website=United Nations (unocha)|accessdate=24 November 2016}}
12. ^{{cite web |title=Industrial Zones of Governorate |url=http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx |website=Ministry of Investment Egypt |accessdate=23 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123201111/http://www.gafi.gov.eg/English/StartaBusiness/InvestmentZones/Pages/Industrial-Zones.aspx# |archive-date=2018-11-23 |dead-url=no |df= }}
13. ^{{cite web |title=Al-Minyā GOVERNORATE, EGYPT |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Al-Minya-governorate-Egypt|website=britannica}}

External links

{{commons category|Minya Governorate}}
  • [https://www.elwatannews.com/subsection/153 El Wattan News of Minya Governorate]
  • Minya University web page.
{{Clear}}{{Governorates of Egypt}}

2 : Minya Governorate|Governorates of Egypt
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