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词条 Miscanthus sinensis
释义

  1. Nomenclature

  2. Forms and varieties

  3. Cultivation

     Cultivars 

  4. Uses

  5. Synonyms

  6. Gallery

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Italic title}}{{Expand Japanese|ススキ|date=March 2013}}{{taxobox
| name = Miscanthus sinensis
| image = Japanese pampas grass ススキの穂波PB080105.jpg
| regnum = Plantae
| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
| unranked_classis = Monocots
| unranked_ordo = Commelinids
| ordo = Poales
| familia = Poaceae
| subfamilia = Panicoideae
| genus = Miscanthus
| species = M. sinensis
| binomial = Miscanthus sinensis
| binomial_authority =Andersson (1855)
|}}Miscanthus sinensis, the maiden silvergrass,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae, native to eastern Asia throughout most of China, Japan, Taiwan and Korea. It is an herbaceous perennial grass, growing to {{convert|0.8|-|2|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall, rarely {{convert|4|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, forming dense clumps from an underground rhizome. The leaves are {{convert|18|-|75|cm|0|abbr=on}} tall and 0.3–2 cm broad. The flowers are purplish, held above the foliage. This plant is the preferred structure for the nesting of some species of paper wasps, such as Ropalidia fasciata.[2]

Nomenclature

Common names include Korean uksae,[3] Chinese silver grass, Eulalia grass, maiden grass, zebra grass, Susuki grass (ススキ), and porcupine grass. The Latin Miscanthus comes from the Greek for "stalk" and "flower".[4] The qualifier sinensis means "from China",[5] though the plant is found elsewhere in eastern Asia.

Forms and varieties

  • M. sinensis f. glaber Honda
  • M. sinensis var. gracillimus Hitchc.
  • M. sinensis var. variegatus Beal
  • M. sinensis var. zebrinus Beal

Cultivation

It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions around the world.

It has become an invasive species in parts of North America.[6] However, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of escape or hybridization with extant wild M. sinensis populations with breeding and proper management.[7]

Cultivars

Several cultivars have been selected, including 'Strictus' with narrow growth habit, 'Variegata' with white margins, and ‘Zebrinus’ (sometimes incorrectly rendered as 'Zebrina') with horizontal yellow and green stripes across the leaves. Those marked {{smallcaps|agm}} have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[8]

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
  • 'Border Bandit'
  • 'Cosmopolitan' {{smallcaps|agm}}[9]
  • 'Dronning Ingrid'
  • 'Ferner Osten' {{smallcaps|agm}}[10]
  • 'Flamingo' {{smallcaps|agm}}[11]
  • 'Gewitterwolke' {{smallcaps|agm}}[12]
  • 'Ghana' {{smallcaps|agm}}[13]
  • 'Gold und Silber' {{smallcaps|agm}}[14]
  • 'Gracillimus'
  • 'Grosse Fontäne' {{smallcaps|agm}}[15]
  • 'Kaskade' {{smallcaps|agm}}[16]
  • 'Kleine Fontäne' {{smallcaps|agm}}[17]
  • 'Kleine Silberspinne' {{smallcaps|agm}}[18]
  • 'Malepartus'
  • 'Morning Light' {{smallcaps|agm}}[19]
  • 'Septemberrot' {{smallcaps|agm}}[20]
  • 'Silberfeder' {{smallcaps|agm}}[21]
  • 'Strictus' {{smallcaps|agm}}[22]
  • 'Undine' {{smallcaps|agm}}[23]
  • 'Variegatus'
  • 'Zebrinus' {{smallcaps|agm}}[24]
{{div col end}}

Uses

M. sinensis is a candidate for bioenergy production due to its high yield, even in high stress environments, easy propagation, effective nutrient cycling, and high genetic variation.[25]

Synonyms

  • Eulalia japonica Trin.
  • Saccharum japonicum Thunb.

Gallery

References

1. ^{{cite book |editor1-last=Lee |editor1-first=Sangtae |editor2-last=Chang |editor2-first=Kae Sun |title=English Names for Korean Native Plants |year=2015 |publisher=Korea National Arboretum |location=Pocheon |isbn=978-89-97450-98-5 |page=541 |url=http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf |accessdate=7 March 2019 |via=Korea Forest Service}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last=Ito|first=K|title=Relocation of Nests by Swarms and Nest Reconstruction in Late Autumn in the Primitively Eusocial Wasp, Ropalidia fasciata with Discussions on the Role of Swarming|journal=Journal of Ethology|date=1992|volume=109|issue=2|pages=109–117|doi=10.1007/BF02350115}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zKFK8L4bqs.html|title=an uksae grass in Seoul}}
4. ^{{cite book|last=Coombes|first=Allen J.|title=The A to Z of plant names|year=2012|publisher=Timber Press|location=USA|isbn=9781604691962|pages=312}}
5. ^{{cite book|last=Harrison|first=Lorraine|title=RHS Latin for gardeners|year=2012|publisher=Mitchell Beazley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=9781845337315|pages=224}}
6. ^Chinese silvergrass. Invasive.org: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, February 2, 2010. Accessed May 28, 2010.
7. ^Quinn LD, Allen DJ, Stewart JR (2010) Invasiveness potential of Miscanthus sinensis: implications for bioenergy production in the United States. Global Change Biology Bioenergy. 1-2, 126-153.
8. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 64 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 4 April 2018}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Cosmopolitan'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=2118|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Ferner Osten'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4880|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Flamingo'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5849|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Gewitterwolke'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4834|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Ghana'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4835|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Gold und Silber'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4845|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Grosse Fontane'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5626|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Kaskade'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4493|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Kleine Fontane'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4491|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Kleine Silberspinne'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5833|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
19. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Morning Light'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=1285|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
20. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Septemberrot'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=6068|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Silberfeder'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5020|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Strictus'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5778|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Undine'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5697|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
24. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Miscanthus sinensis 'Zebrinus'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=1286|accessdate=24 May 2013}}
25. ^Stewart R, Toma Y, Fernández FG, Nishiwaki A, Yamada T, Bollero G (2009) The ecology and agronomy of “Miscanthus sinensis”, a species important to bioenergy crop development, in its native range in Japan: a review. Global Change Biology Bioenergy. 1-2, 126-153.

External links

{{Commons|Miscanthus sinensis}}
  • Photos of Miscanthus sinensis: seasonal/color change
  • Flora of China: Miscanthus sinensis
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060901224740/http://www.ext.vt.edu/departments/envirohort/factsheets/groundcovers/zebragr.html Virginia Cooperative Extension: Miscanthus sinensis 'Stricta']
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1073621}}{{Authority control}}

10 : Panicoideae|Grasses of China|Grasses of Russia|Flora of tropical Asia|Flora of Japan|Flora of Korea|Flora of the Russian Far East|Flora of Taiwan|Garden plants of Asia|Plants described in 1855
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