| 词条 | Mithal al-Alusi |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = |name = Mithal al-Alusi |native_name = مثال جمال حسين احمد الآلوسي |native_name_lang = |honorific-suffix = |image = |imagesize = |smallimage = |alt = |caption = |order = |office = Member of Parliament for Baghdad |term_start = 15 December 2005 |term_end = 7 March 2010 |alongside = |vicepresident = |viceprimeminister = |deputy = |lieutenant = |monarch = |president = |primeminister = |taoiseach = |chancellor = |governor = |governor-general = |governor_general = |succeeding = |predecessor = |successor = |constituency = |majority = |order2 = Head of the Supreme National De-Baathification Commission |office2 = |term_start2 = 4 November 2003 |term_end2 = September 2004 |alongside2 = |vicepresident2 = |viceprimeminister2 = |deputy2 = |lieutenant2 = |monarch2 = |president2 = |primeminister2 = |governor2 = |succeeding2 = |predecessor2 = |successor2 = |constituency2 = |majority2 = |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1953|05|23}} |birth_place = Alus, Haditha, Al Anbar Governorate, Kingdom of Iraq |death_date = |death_place = |restingplace = |restingplacecoordinates = |birthname = |citizenship = |nationality = Iraqi German[1][2] |party = Iraqi Ummah Party (2004-Present)[3] |otherparty = Iraqi National Congress (2003-September 2004)[4] Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region (until 1976) |spouse = |partner = |relations = |children = |residence = |alma_mater = |occupation = |profession = |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = Sunni Islam |signature = |signature_alt = |website = |footnotes = |blank1 = |data1 = |blank2 = |data2 = |blank3 = |data3 = |blank4 = |data4 = |blank5 = |data5 = |nickname = |allegiance = |branch = |serviceyears = |rank = |unit = |commands = |battles = |awards = |military_blank1 = |military_data1 = |military_blank2 = |military_data2 = |military_blank3 = |military_data3 = |military_blank4 = |military_data4 = |military_blank5 = |military_data5 = }}Mithal Jamal Hussein Ahmad al-Alusi ({{lang-ar|مثال جمال حسين احمد الآلوسي}}; born 23 May 1953) is an Iraqi politician and the leader of the Iraqi Ummah Party. He was elected to the Iraqi Council of Representatives as an independent in the December 2005 election and was once again elected in the 2014 Iraqi parliamentary election as part of the Civil Democratic Alliance which is an Iraqi political coalition formed by various liberal and civil figures and his party one seat, represented by himself. He arrived fifth place in Baghdad out of seventy-one seats. He is a Sunni Muslim Arab politician and supports a close alliance with the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Turkey and Israel.[5] Early lifeAlusi was born on the 23 May 1953 in Alus, a small village near Haditha, in Al-Anbar governorate.[6] Al-Alusi hails from a very prominent Iraqi Sunni family from Anbar Province, and his father was a renowned scholar and Baghdad University professor of Classical Arabic literature. Life in exileIn 1976, he was sentenced to death in absentia while studying in Cairo for trying to undermine Saddam Hussein.[5] Alusi was then a member of the Ba'ath Party, but had been aligned with opponents of Saddam within the party such as Abdel-Khaliq Al-Samara'i, who was himself killed by the security services.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}} Alusi went into exile in Germany and worked as a businessman. In December 2002, he was involved in the takeover of the Iraqi embassy in Berlin to protest Saddam's tyranny, and was convicted of hostage taking by a German court and sentenced to three years in jail.[5] His sentence was later reduced to house arrest. He returned to Iraq in October 2003 and joined the Iraqi National Congress. Return to IraqAfter the invasion of Iraq, Alusi was appointed the General Director of Culture and Media at the Supreme National De-Baathification Commission. In September 2004, after making a public visit to Israel, al-Alusi was expelled from the Iraqi National Congress and sacked from his job at the De-Baathification Commission. He was indicted by the Central Criminal Court of Iraq for "having contacts with enemy states" - a crime under a 1969 Baathist law.[7] He was subsequently released after the Iraq's Federal Supreme Court, Iraq's highest court, ruled in his favour on 24 November 2008, stating it was no longer a crime to travel to Israel, and that Iraqis could travel to wherever they wanted. This led him to establish the Democratic Party of the Iraqi Nation, which ran in the January 2005 election. It received only 4,500 votes, far from enough to gain a seat in the Council of Representatives. However, his list won 36,000 votes, enough to obtain one seat for Baghdad Province, in the December 2005 election.[6] On February 19, 2005, Al-Alusi's car was ambushed by armed assailants in the Hayy Al-Jami'a neighborhood of Baghdad. His two sons Ayman, 29, and Jamal, 24, were killed in the attack, as well as one of his bodyguards. The American Jewish Committee gave him a "Moral Courage" award in response.[8] Then Culture Minister, Asaad al-Hashimi, was convicted in absentia of the killings.[9] In September 2008, he again visited Israel and spoke at a conference on counter-terrorism organised by the IDC, a private college in Herzellia. He praised Israel, saying "In Israel, there is no occupation, there is liberalism" and criticised Iran, saying it was continually meddling in Iraq. He called for intelligence sharing between Iraq, Israel, the United States, Jordan, Turkey, and Kuwait.[8] When he returned, the National Assembly of Iraq voted to remove his parliamentary immunities and ban him from travelling. The Minister for Parliamentary Affairs, Safaaeddine al-Safi, said he would seek a prosecution for "visiting a country that Iraq considers an enemy". Such a crime can carry the death penalty.[10] Alusi appealed to the Supreme Federal Court who overturned the lifting of his immunity, ruling that it was unconstitutional as no crime had been committed.[11] In a series of interviews from September to December 2009 he stated that "We are receiving information which says Iran is so close to producing an atom bomb" and that "...the international community, don't realize how close [the Iranians] are to the goal...". However, al-Alusi, asked whether his sources are members of the Iranian government, or Iranian nuclear scientists, said that he could not be more specific, but that they are "...people who are part of the system in Iran." He further stated, that a military operation is the best solution to face the Iranians and that an attack should better happen sooner than late.[12] After the 2010 Iraqi parliamentary elections, the Mithal al-Alusi List which had won one seat during the December 2005 elections for Mithal al-Alusi himself, claimed the elections were rigged against liberals like himself, by Iran and Saudi Arabia as he lost his seat in parliament. Alusi claimed there were major discrepancies between the vote count according to the IHEC and his own monitors. He also claimed village directors prevented women from voting in rural areas. He called on the United States to launch an investigation to the allegedly fixed election results.[13] A recount of the votes in Baghdad was ordered by the Supreme Court on 19 April 2010.[14] The recount began on 3 May 2010.[15] On 14 May IHEC announced that after 11,298 ballot boxes had been recounted, there was no sign of fraud or violations.[16] The Supreme Court later ratified the results and as a result Mithal al-Alusi lost his seat. In August 2012 he received a letter informing him that he was to be dispossessed of his home in the Baghdad Green Zone, so that the house could go to the Minister of Environmental Affairs.[17] 2014 Parliamentary ElectionThe party participated in the April 2014 Iraqi parliamentary election, as part of the Civil Democratic Alliance which is an Iraqi political coalition formed by various liberal and civil figures. The party won one of the three seats of the coalition in Baghdad Governorate and is represented by its leader Mithal Al-Alusi who gained 30,054 votes, arriving fifth out of seventy one winning candidates in Baghdad. The other two seats are represented by the leader of the People's Party Faiq Al Sheikh Ali, and Shirouk Al Abayachi. References1. ^http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-09-21-666659012_x.htm 2. ^http://www.danielpipes.org/comments/20412 3. ^http://www.meforum.org/2142/dissident-watch-mithal-al-alusi#_ftnref1 4. ^http://www.nysun.com/foreign/allawi-runs-with-alleged-baathists/8374/ 5. ^1 2 Iraqi's warmth to Israel exacts a heavy price, International herald Tribune, 2008-09-21 6. ^1 Dissident Watch: Mithal al-Alusi The Middle East Quarterly 7. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/06/international/middleeast/06arrest.html?_r=2&oref=slogin&oref=slogin Iraqi Indicted for Proposal to Open Talks With Israel], New York Times, 2004-10-06, accessed on 2008-09-15 8. ^1 Iraqi MP visits IDC conference{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Jerusalem Post, 2008-09-10 9. ^Iraq seeks to prosecute legislator for Israel trip {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919095432/http://wiredispatch.com/news/?id=347443 |date=2008-09-19 }}, Reuters, 2008-09-14 10. ^Iraq may execute MP for Israel visit{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Jerusalem Post, 2008-09-22 11. ^Iraqi court clears lawmaker of charge of visiting Israel: his lawyer, Xinhua, 2008-11-24 12. ^Maverick Iraqi politician claims Iran could go nuclear within weeks, JPost.com (December 25,2009) 13. ^{{citation | title= Mithal al-Alusi, Iraq's Maverick, Charges Iraqi Elections Were Corrupt | publisher= Huffington Post | date= 3 April 2010 | url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/heather-robinson/mithal-al-alusi-iraqs-mav_b_524477.html }} 14. ^{{citation | title= Baghdad recount throws Iraq election wide open | publisher= Agence France Presse | date= 19 April 2010 | url= https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gK93GrzFIRSaZgVzTB8hwO0fxArw }} 15. ^{{citation | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8657705.stm | work=BBC News | title=Iraqi election recount under way | date=3 May 2010 | accessdate=5 May 2010}} 16. ^{{citation|title=No sign of fraud after Iraq vote recount |publisher=Press TV |url=http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=126481§ionid=351020201 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606135828/http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=126481§ionid=351020201 |archivedate=2012-06-06 |df= }} 17. ^Exclusive: Iraqi Ally of Israel Dispossessed of his Home, he Says by Iraqi PM Maliki The Algemeiner External links
8 : Members of the Council of Representatives of Iraq|Living people|Iraqi Sunni Muslims|Iraqi National Congress politicians|Iraqi people of Arab descent|Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region politicians|1953 births|Naturalized citizens of Germany |
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