| 词条 | Mitochondrial trifunctional protein |
| 释义 |
Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) is a protein attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane which catalyzes three out of the four steps in beta oxidation. MTP is a hetero-octamer composed of four alpha and four beta subunits:
The three functions are 2-enoyl coenzyme A (CoA) hydratase, long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and long-chain 3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase.[1] Association with the electron transport chainFatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are two major metabolism pathways in the mitochondria. Reducing equivalents from FAO enter OXPHOS at the level of Complexes I and III. In 2010, Wang et al. discovered a functional and physical association between MTP and ETC respirasomes. Not only does MTP appear to be bound to Complex I, but it also appears to channel substrates between the two enzymes.[2] This is especially interesting, because up until then it was unknown exactly how MTP was associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane, and this discovery may provide the explanation. Hormonal influencesRecent research has revealed that MTP can be affected by various hormones, via hormone receptors located in the mitochondria. Chochron et al. (2012) demonstrated that thyroid hormone stimulates mitochondrial metabolism in a pathway mediated by MTP.[3] Zhou et al. (2012) used 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify MTP as one of the proteins that interacts with ER alpha, a receptor triggered by estrogen.[4] Cardiolipin remodelingIn 2009, Taylor et al. identified a human mitochondrial protein, monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase (MLCL AT-1), that is identical in amino acid sequence to the 59-kDa C-terminal end of MTP, linking MTP to the remodeling of cardiolipin from monolysocardiolipin.[5] Although MLCL AT-1 and MTP are different proteins, in 2012 the same lab discovered that MTP did indeed have cardiolipin remodeling capabilities.[6] This suggests a possible link between mitochondrial membrane cardiolipin content and beta oxidation. Clinical significanceDisorders associated MTP are:
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/945857-overview |title=Long-Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency: eMedicine Pediatrics: Genetics and Metabolic Disease |format= |work= |accessdate=2009-07-11}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=Y.|last2=Mohsen|first2=A.-W.|last3=Mihalik|first3=S. J.|last4=Goetzman|first4=E. S.|last5=Vockley|first5=J.|title=Evidence for Physical Association of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complexes|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=285|issue=39|year=2010|pages=29834–29841|issn=0021-9258|doi=10.1074/jbc.M110.139493|pmid=20663895|pmc=2943265}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Chocron|first1=E. S.|last2=Sayre|first2=N. L.|last3=Holstein|first3=D.|last4=Saelim|first4=N.|last5=Ibdah|first5=J. A.|last6=Dong|first6=L. Q.|last7=Zhu|first7=X.|last8=Cheng|first8=S.-Y.|last9=Lechleiter|first9=J. D.|title=The Trifunctional Protein Mediates Thyroid Hormone Receptor-Dependent Stimulation of Mitochondria Metabolism|journal=Molecular Endocrinology|volume=26|issue=7|year=2012|pages=1117–1128|issn=0888-8809|doi=10.1210/me.2011-1348|pmid=22570332|pmc=3385793}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zhou|first1=Z.|last2=Zhou|first2=J.|last3=Du|first3=Y.|title=Estrogen Receptor Alpha Interacts with Mitochondrial Protein HADHB and Affects Beta-Oxidation Activity|journal=Molecular & Cellular Proteomics|volume=11|issue=7|year=2012|pages=M111.011056–M111.011056|issn=1535-9476|doi=10.1074/mcp.M111.011056|pmid=22375075|pmc=3394935}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Taylor|first1=W. A.|last2=Hatch|first2=G. M.|title=Identification of the Human Mitochondrial Linoleoyl-coenzyme A Monolysocardiolipin Acyltransferase (MLCL AT-1)|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=284|issue=44|year=2009|pages=30360–30371|issn=0021-9258|doi=10.1074/jbc.M109.048322|pmid=19737925|pmc=2781591}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Beh|first1=Christopher|last2=Taylor|first2=William A.|last3=Mejia|first3=Edgard M.|last4=Mitchell|first4=Ryan W.|last5=Choy|first5=Patrick C.|last6=Sparagna|first6=Genevieve C.|last7=Hatch|first7=Grant M.|title=Human Trifunctional Protein Alpha Links Cardiolipin Remodeling to Beta-Oxidation|journal=PLoS ONE|volume=7|issue=11|year=2012|pages=e48628|issn=1932-6203|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0048628|pmid=23152787|pmc=3494688}} External links
1 : Proteins |
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