| 词条 | Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category) |
| 释义 |
|group = Mixed |population = 1,250,229[1] {{flagicon|ENG}} England 1,192,879 (2011)[2] White and Black Caribbean – 426,715 White and Black African – 165,974 White and Asian – 341,727 Other Mixed – 289,984 {{flagicon|WAL}} Wales 31,521 (2011)[2] {{flagicon|SCO}} Scotland 19,815 (2011)[1] Northern Ireland 6,014 (2011)[3] }} Mixed is an ethnicity category that has been used by the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics since the 1991 Census. Colloquially it refers to British citizens or residents whose parents are of two or more different races or ethnic backgrounds. Mixed race people are the fastest growing ethnic group in the UK and numbered 1.25 million in the 2011 census. StatisticsIn the 2001 census, 677,177 classified themselves as of mixed race, making up 1.2 percent of the UK population.[4] Office for National Statistics estimates suggest that 956,700 mixed race people were resident in England (as opposed to the whole of the UK) as of mid-2009, compared to 654,000 at mid-2001.[5] As of May 2011, this figure surpassed 1 million.[6] It has been estimated that, by 2020, 1.24 million people in the UK will be of mixed race.[7] Research conducted by the BBC, however, suggests that the mixed race population could already be twice the official estimate figure - up to 2 million.[8] 3.5 percent of all births in England and Wales in 2005 were mixed race babies, with 0.9 percent being Mixed White and Black Caribbean, 0.5 percent White and Black African, 0.8 percent White and Asian, and 1.3 percent any other mixed background.[9] Mixed-race people are the fastest growing ethnic minority group (defined according to the National Statistics classification) in the UK and, with all mixed categories counted as one sole group, are predicted to be the largest minority group by 2020 (above British Indian).[10] SubgroupsIn England and Wales, the 2001 census included four sub-categories of mixed ethnic combinations: "White and Black Caribbean", "Mixed White and Black African", "Mixed White and Asian" and "Any other Mixed background", with the latter allowing people to write in their ethnicity. Analysis of census results shows that, in England and Wales only, 237,000 people stated their ethnicity as Mixed White and Black Caribbean, 189,000 as Mixed White and Asian, 156,000 as Other Mixed, and 79,000 Mixed White and Black African.[11] The estimates for mid-2009 for England only suggest that there are 301,300 people in the Mixed White and Black Caribbean category, 127,500 Mixed White and Black African, 292,400 Mixed White and Asian, and 235,500 Other Mixed.[5] The White and Black African group grew fastest in percentage terms from 2001 to 2009, followed by White and Asian, Other Mixed and then White and Black Caribbean.[5] The 2011 Census for England and Wales suggested that compared with 2001, the proportion of the population describing themselves as "White and Black Caribbean" rose from 0.5% to 0.8%, "White and Asian" from 0.4% to 0.6%, "White and Black African" from 0.2% to 0.3% and "Other Mixed" 0.3% to 0.5%.[12] The census forms in Scotland and Northern Ireland did not include sub-groups, but rather single categories: "Any Mixed Background" in Scotland and simply "Mixed" in Northern Ireland.[13] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-the-united-kingdom---part-1/rft-ks201uk.xls|title=2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=11 October 2013|accessdate=28 February 2015}} {{UK census ethnic groups}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}2. ^1 2011 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in England and Wales, Accessed 27 December 2012 3. ^2011 census NIRSA Ethnic Group: KS201NI (administrative geographies), Accessed 27 December 2012 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=273|title=Population size: 7.9% from a minority ethnic group|date=13 February 2003|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=3 October 2009}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?adminCompAndTimeId=25403%3A280&a=7&b=276743&c=london&d=13&r=1&e=13&f=24438&o=254&g=325264&i=1001x1003x1004x1005&l=1809&m=0&s=1254850916322&enc=1|title=Resident Population Estimates by Ethnic Group, All Persons June 2009|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=28 August 2011}} 6. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/may/18/non-white-british-population-ons | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Simon | last=Rogers | title=Non-white British population reaches 9.1 million | date=19 May 2011}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/jan/23/post975|title=Mixed messages|last=Smith|first=Laura|date=23 January 2007|work=The Guardian|accessdate=3 October 2009|location=London}} 8. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15205803 | work=BBC News | title=Mixed race UK population double official figure, says new report | date=6 October 2011}} 9. ^{{cite journal|last=Moser|first=Kath |author2=Stanfield, Kristina M. |author3=Leon, David A.|year=2008|title=Birthweight and gestational age by ethnic group, England and Wales 2005: Introducing new data on births|journal=Health Statistics Quarterly|volume=39|pages=22–31|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/hsq/HSQ39Birthwt&Gest_ethnicity.pdf|pmid=18810886}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/hi/the_p_word/newsid_10000000/newsid_10000900/10000910.stm|title=Mixed race 'fastest growing minority'|last=Pinnock|first=Karlene|date=12 August 2009|publisher=BBC 1Xtra|accessdate=4 October 2009}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/nojournal/Mixed_ethnic_groups_pdf.pdf|title=Who are the 'Mixed' ethnic group?|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=May 2006|first=Ben|last=Bradford|pages=4, 8|accessdate=21 August 2010}} 12. ^Ethnicity and National Identity in Englandand Wales 2011], Office for National Statistics, 11 December 2012 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/data/harmonisation/downloads/P3.pdf|title=Harmonised Concepts and Questions for Social Data Sources: Primary Standards – Ethnic Group|date=April 2008|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=21 August 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107095528/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/data/harmonisation/downloads/P3.pdf|archivedate=7 January 2010|df=dmy-all}} 2 : Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom|Multiracial affairs in Europe |
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