| 词条 | Mogielnica |
| 释义 |
| name = Mogielnica | imagesize = 250px | image_shield = POL Mogielnica COA.svg | image_skyline = Urząd w Mogielnicy2.jpg | image_caption = Town hall | pushpin_map = Poland | pushpin_label_position = bottom | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{POL}} | subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship | subdivision_name1 = Masovian | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Grójec | subdivision_type3 = Gmina | subdivision_name3 = Mogielnica | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Sławomir Chmielewski | established_title = Established | established_date = 1249 | established_title3 = Town rights | established_date3 = 1317 | area_total_km2 = 12.98 | population_as_of = 2006 | population_total = 2461 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | coordinates = {{coord|51|41|23|N|20|43|23|E|region:PL|display=inline,title}} | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 05-640 | area_code = +48 48 | blank_name = Car plates | blank_info = WGR | website = http://www.mogielnica.pl }} Mogielnica {{IPAc-pl|m|o|g|J|e|l|'|ń|i|c|a}} is a town in Grójec County in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,475 inhabitants (2004). It is a seat of Gmina Mogielnica (urban-rural gmina administrative unit) with an area of 141.56 square kilometres (54.7 sq mi). Modern historyIn World War I, the Tsarist regime, in reprisal for its own catastrophic failures in battle with Germany, expelled the Jews of Mogielnica. The Jewish paper, Haynt, published in Congress Poland, informed briefly in its May 23, 1915 issue (under the Russian military censorship): "The entire Jewish population was deported from Mogielnica, roughly 5,000 people. They were given a short period of time in which to liquidate their businesses."[1] Some of the Jews returned to Mogielnica, once Poland re-emerged as a sovereign state. In foreign languages Mogielnica is also referred to as Mogelnitsa, Mogelnitse, Mogelnitza and/or Mogielnicy. World War IIIn 1940, during the Nazi Occupation of Poland, German authorities established a Jewish ghetto in Mogielnica, in order to confine its Jewish population for the purpose of persecution and exploitation.[2][3][4] The ghetto was liquidated on February 28, 1942, when all its 1,500 inhabitants were transported in cattle trucks to Warsaw Ghetto, the largest ghetto in all of Nazi occupied Europe with over 400,000 Jews crammed into an area of {{convert|1.3|sqmi|km2}}. From there, most victims were sent to Treblinka extermination camp.[5][6][7][8] The Nazis demolished the 18th-century Jewish cemetery located on the left side of the road to Grójec near Przylesie Street and used its headstones for pavement. A monument now stands at its place. {{details|Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland}}Historical population of MogielnicaImageSize = width:550 height:120 PlotArea = left:70 right:40 top:20 bottom:20 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify Colors = DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:0 till:3500 ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1000 start:0 gridcolor:gray1 PlotData = bar:1820 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:1700 width:25 text:1700 textcolor:green fontsize:8px bar:1939 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:2700 width:25 text:2700 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:1965 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:3500 width:25 text:3500 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:1970 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:3115 width:25 text:3115 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:1991 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:2749 width:25 text:2749 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:1995 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:2643 width:25 text:2643 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:2000 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:2510 width:25 text:2510 textcolor:red fontsize:8px bar:2006 color:gray1 width:1 from:0 till:2449 width:25 text:2449 textcolor:red fontsize:8px Notes and references1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.haynt.org/chap03.htm | title=Haynt: The First World War Years | publisher=Administered by Bob Becker | work=Today: A Jewish Newspaper, 1908-1939 (Haynt: a Tsaytung bay Yidn,1908-1939) Chapter Three | year=2007 | accessdate=July 31, 2011 | author=Chaim Finkelstein | pages=61–62 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716214911/http://www.haynt.org/chap03.htm | archivedate=July 16, 2011 | df= }} 2. ^"Cmentarz żydowski w Mogielnicy (Jewish cemetery in Mogielnica)," at Kirkuty.xip.pl. 3. ^The statistical data compiled on the basis of "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208215116/http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/selectcity/ |date=2016-02-08 }} by Virtual Shtetl Museum of the History of the Polish Jews {{En icon}}, as well as "Getta Żydowskie," by Gedeon, {{Pl icon}} and "Ghetto List" by Michael Peters at www.deathcamps.org/occupation/ghettolist.htm {{En icon}}. Accessed July 12, 2011. 4. ^"The War Against The Jews." The Holocaust Chronicle, 2009. Chicago, Il. Accessed June 21, 2011. 5. ^Warsaw Ghetto, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM), Washington, D.C. 6. ^Richard C. Lukas, Out of the Inferno: Poles Remember the Holocaust, University Press of Kentucky 1989 - 201 pages. Page 13; also in Richard C. Lukas, The Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles Under German Occupation, 1939-1944, University Press of Kentucky, 1986, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lz9obsxmuW4C&pg=PA13&dq=%22&sig=ACfU3U0SGgyvqSbL4bypepYoO_CbYc_N_w Google Print, p.13]. 7. ^Gunnar S. Paulsson, "The Rescue of Jews by Non-Jews in Nazi-Occupied Poland," Journal of Holocaust Education, Vol.7, Nos.1&2, 1998, pp.19-44. Published by Frank Cass, London. 8. ^Edward Victor, "Ghettos and Other Jewish Communities." Judaica Philatelic. Accessed June 20, 2011. External links{{commons-inline|Mogielnica}}
{{Gmina Mogielnica}} 5 : Cities and towns in Masovian Voivodeship|Grójec County|Warsaw Governorate|Warsaw Voivodeship (1919–39)|Holocaust locations in Poland |
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