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词条 Monarcha
释义

  1. Taxonomy and systematics

     Extant species  Former species 

  2. References

{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Blackfacedmonarch.jpg
| image_caption = Black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis)
| taxon = Monarcha
| authority = Vigors & Horsfield, 1827
| synonyms = * Monarcharses
  • Monarches

}}

Monarcha is a genus of bird in the Monarchidae family. They are found in Australia and Melanesia.

Taxonomy and systematics

Twenty-two species were split from the genus Monarcha in 2009, with nineteen moved to the genus Symposiachrus and three to Carterornis, although not all authorities recognize these revised taxonomical arrangements.[1]

Extant species

The genus Monarcha contains the following nine species:[2]

  • Rufous monarch (Monarcha rubiensis)
  • Island monarch (Monarcha cinerascens)
  • Black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis)
  • Black-winged monarch (Monarcha frater)
  • Bougainville monarch (Monarcha erythrostictus)
  • Chestnut-bellied monarch (Monarcha castaneiventris)
  • White-capped monarch (Monarcha richardsii)
  • Yap monarch (Monarcha godeffroyi)
  • Tinian monarch (Monarcha takatsukasae)

Former species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Monarcha:

  • Black-naped monarch (as Monarcha azurea)[3]
  • Rarotonga monarch (as Monarches dimidiatus)[4]
  • Marquesan monarch (as Monarcha Mendozae)[5]
  • Black monarch (as Monarcha axillaris)[6]
  • Black-bibbed monarch (as Monarcha mundus)[7]
  • Flores monarch (as Monarcha sacerdotum)[8]
  • Black-chinned monarch (as Monarcha boanensis)[9]
  • Spectacled monarch (as Monarcha trivirgatus)[10]
  • Spectacled monarch (Seram) (as Monarcha nigrimentum)[11]
  • Spectacled monarch (bernsteinii) (as Monarcha bernsteini)[12]
  • Spectacled monarch (melanopterus) (as Monarcha melanoptera)[13]
  • Spectacled monarch (albiventris) (as Monarcha albiventris)[14]
  • Spectacled monarch (gouldii) (as Monarcha gouldii)[15]
  • White-tailed monarch (as Monarcha leucurus)[16]
  • White-tipped monarch (as Monarcha everetti)[17]
  • Kofiau monarch (as Monarcha julianae)[18]
  • Biak monarch (as Monarcha brehmii)[19]
  • Manus monarch (as Monarcha infelix)[20]
  • Mussau monarch (as Monarcha menckei)[21]
  • Black-tailed monarch (as Monarcha verticalis)[22]
  • Djaul monarch (as Monarcha ateralba)[23]
  • Solomons monarch (as Monarcha barbata)[24]
  • Malaita monarch (as Monarcha malaitae)[25]
  • Kolombangara monarch (as Monarcha browni or Monarcha kulambangrae)[26]
  • Kolombangara monarch (nigrotectus) (as Monarcha nigrotectus)[27]
  • White-collared monarch (as Monarcha vidua or Monarcha viduus)[28]
  • White-eared monarch (as Monarcha leucotis)[29]
  • White-naped monarch (as Monarcha pileatus)[30]
  • White-naped monarch (buruensis) (as Monarcha buruensis)[31]
  • Loetoe monarch (as Monarcha castus)[32]
  • Golden monarch (as Monarcha chrysomela)[33]
  • Golden monarch (aruensis) (as Monarcha aruensis)[34]
  • Golden monarch (melanonotus) (as Monarcha melanonotus)[35]
  • Golden monarch (kordensis) (as Monarcha kordensis)[36]
  • Ochre-collared monarch (as Monarcha insularis)[37]
  • Shining flycatcher (as Monarcha alecto)[38]
  • Velvet flycatcher (as Monarcha hebetior)[39]

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/Archives/Master_IOC_list_v2.0.xls|title=IOC Bird List v2.0|last=|first=|date=2009|website=|publisher=|access-date=October 28, 2016}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/monarchs/|title=Monarchs « IOC World Bird List|website=www.worldbirdnames.org|access-date=2016-10-30}}
3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=QUViK6y8RM8C&pg=PA168&lpg=PA168&dq=%22monarcha+azurea%22&source=bl&ots=OTmWGjszNL&sig=UsnXoeZBSXXxTiW35gDqQz7FZPk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjEtqPDqaLRAhUF04MKHfAaD5oQ6AEIMjAE#v=onepage&q=%22monarcha%20azurea%22&f=false|title=A Field Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka|last=Harrison|first=John|last2=Worfolk|first2=Tim|date=2011-01-27|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780199585663|language=en}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=B494521ABCA81674|title=Pomarea dimidiata - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-11}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=F7B01321&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Pomarea mendozae - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-11}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=ADD8E88814F973A7|title=Symposiachrus axillaris - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-12}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=3B582AC80E89E673|title=Symposiachrus mundus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=E1D6FE15E46349AF|title=Symposiachrus sacerdotum - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9E53BDE4573A8552|title=Symposiachrus boanensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=AD38369E&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC6208F6&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus nigrimentum - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A5C20BAA&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus bernsteinii - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-13}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=7E84A578&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus melanopterus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=4E9088FB&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus albiventris - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=76D2C7BC&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus trivirgatus gouldii - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=058B4E9AE8E5AFEF|title=Symposiachrus leucurus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=0D60F7F035538951|title=Symposiachrus everetti - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=91312BF0CE726E64|title=Symposiachrus loricatus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-14}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=F3D4B19D605FBC19|title=Symposiachrus brehmii - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-15}}
20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=FD488DFD&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus infelix - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-15}}
21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=82331F19&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus menckei - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-15}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=D13830CE&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus verticalis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-16}}
23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A90EA4D2&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus verticalis ateralbus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-16}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=5440FDFB&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus barbatus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-16}}
25. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/103713884/0|title=Symposiachrus malaitae (Malaita Monarch)|website=www.iucnredlist.org|access-date=2017-01-16}}
26. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=DA2D8A5E&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus browni - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-16}}
27. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CD81B437&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus browni nigrotectus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-17}}
28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=2D2593B0&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Symposiachrus vidua - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-17}}
29. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=D8AF3430D94D6814|title=Carterornis leucotis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-20}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=1EE395CD&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis pileatus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-20}}
31. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=4743B00C&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis pileatus buruensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-20}}
32. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=640B813A&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis castus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-20}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=6778547AF618FD22|title=Carterornis chrysomela - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-21}}
34. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A38E9F9F&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis chrysomela aruensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-21}}
35. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=56FFF59A&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis chrysomela melanonotus - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-21}}
36. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=66748B0A&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Carterornis chrysomela kordensis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-21}}
37. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=F25F2B9AA85AFFB5|title=Arses insularis - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-21}}
38. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CE626FAD&sec=summary&ssver=1|title=Myiagra alecto - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-26}}
39. ^{{Cite web|url=http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=666BD58BF87D26C1|title=Myiagra hebetior - Avibase|website=avibase.bsc-eoc.org|access-date=2017-01-26}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q944621}}{{Monarchidae-stub}}

4 : Monarchidae|Monarcha|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot|Bird genera
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