| 词条 | Ablepharus |
| 释义 |
| image = Ablepharus kitaibelii 01.jpg | image_caption = European snake-eyed skink, Ablepharus kitaibelii | taxon = Ablepharus | authority = Lichtenstein, 1823 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = Ablepharus bivittatus Ablepharus budaki Ablepharus chernovi Ablepharus darvazi Ablepharus deserti Ablepharus grayanus Ablepharus kitaibelii Ablepharus lindbergi Ablepharus pannonicus Ablepharus rueppellii }}Ablepharus is a genus of skinks that contains the common snake-eyed skinks.[1] Both their scientific and common names refer to the fact that their eyelids have fused to a translucent capsule; as in snakes, they thus are physically incapable of blinking.[2] They are small lizards and prefer to live in the leaf litter of dry fields and hills.[3] Their scales give them a very shiny, bronze appearance with a characteristically dark stripe down the sides of their bodies. They prey on small insects and other small mollusks.[4] CharacteristicsAppearanceThe scales on all Ablepharus species are shiny and bronze in appearance. Also, a very characteristic bronze stripe runs the length of the dorsal surface of the body. They have short, weak front legs, which contribute to their moving in a serpentine-like manner. In general, females are longer and weigh more than their male counterparts. Ablepharus species have thick tails relative to their body sizes and lengths.[4] Fully mature Ablepharus species can reach a total length (including tail) of up to {{convert|15|cm|in|abbr=on}}. On average, both males and females reach a total length of up to about {{convert|13|cm|in|abbr=on}}.[5] Mannerisms and habitatAs a whole, Ablepharus skinks are generally shy creatures. They tend to bask in the sunlight during the daytime and become more active as dusk and darkness approach.[5] They make their homes in rocky areas with leaf litter and little soil.[6] DistributionThe geographic range of the common snake-eyed skink spans from southern European countries to northern African countries; also, some species are native to southeast Asia.[5] While most of the species in the genus prefer remaining low to the ground and in drier environments, some species may be found in damper habitats up to 2,000 m above sea level.[4] DietAnalysis of the stomach contents of certain Ablepharus species has led to the conclusion that common snake-eyed skinks are typically generalist predators.[6] They mainly feed on small arthropods, mollusks, and small snails.[4] LifecycleIn captivity, common snake-eyed skinks are known to survive up to three and a half years; in the wild, where they are preyed upon, they live about two and a half years.[4] Upon reaching reproductive maturity, the female snake-eyed skink lays between two and four eggs at a time; these eggs will then take at least 9 weeks to hatch. Hatchlings typically measure around 3.5 cm long. About two years are needed for the hatchlings to reach reproductive maturity.[4] SpeciesThere are ten species in the genus Ablepharus which are recognized as being valid:[1]
Found in Azerbaijan, Turkey, south-eastern and central Armenia, Iran, and Turkmenistan Typically found in thorny shrubbery, grasslands, and rocky slopes[7]
Found in Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, and Cyprus Typically inhabits leaf litter, woodlands, shrubbery, and forests in humid areas[8]
Found in Syria, Turkey, and Armenia Typically, they are found hiding under leaf litter and small stones in open areas with little shrubbery or forestation. Some may also be found on some of the gentler slopes on some mountain ranges.[9]
Found in Tajikistan, India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan[10]
Found in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan Generally observed in desert lands and dry slopes with several different types of angiosperms around 2,000 m above sea level[11]
Found in Central Asia, Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Kyrgyzstan Mostly found in the mountainous areas of the regions above
Found in southern Slovakia, Serbia, Hungary, Eastern Croatia, Albania, Greece, southern Romania, Macedonia, and Turkey Inhabits arid regions containing meadows, scrubland, and woodland clearings, as well as hilly areas[12]
Found in western Afghanistan[13]
Found in the United Arab Emirates, eastern Georgia, Iraq, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Syria, Jordan, Afghanistan, Caucasus, northwestern India, southwestern Tajikistan, southern Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and western Azerbaijan[14]
Found in central and northern Israel, the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt, southern Lebanon, western and northern Jordan, and possible reported sightings in Syria and Jordan Inhabits more heavily forested areas with dense vegetation, prefer humid areas, especially the oases in Egypt[15] Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Ablepharus. References1. ^1 {{NRDB genus|genus=Ablepharus|accessdate=23 December 2013}} 2. ^Orbital Lubrication Hypothesis at the Canadian Journal of Zoology 3. ^Ablepharus kitaibelii at the IUCN Red List 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 Snake-eyed Skink {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214024247/http://wildlife-archipelago.gr/wordpress/reptiles/snake-eyed-skink/ |date=2014-12-14 }} at the Wildlife Archipelago {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214024251/http://wildlife-archipelago.gr/wordpress/ |date=2014-12-14 }} 5. ^1 2 [https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/73585-Ablepharus-kitaibelii/ European Copper Skink] at the [https://www.inaturalist.org INaturalist] 6. ^1 [https://link.springer.com/article/10.2478/s11756-007-0092-6#page-1 Ablepharus Microhabitat] at the [https://link.springer.com Springer Link] 7. ^Ablepharus bivittatus at the IUCN Redlist 8. ^Ablepharus budaki at the IUCN Redlist 9. ^Ablepharus chernovi at the IUCN Redlist 10. ^ Ablepharus darvazi at the Study Room 11. ^Ablepharus desert at the IUCN Redlist 12. ^European copper skink at the IUCN Redlist 13. ^Ablepharus lindbergi at the Reptile Database 14. ^Ablepharus pannonicus at the Reptile Database 15. ^Ablepharus rueppellii at the Reptile Database Further reading
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